在C中将int转换为ASCII字符

问题描述 投票:0回答:3

如何在C语言中将整数值转换为ASCII字符?我想将字符分配给字符数组。

char buff[10];

假设我们有:

int = 93  (HEX: 5D) -> result should be - buff = {']'} 

int = 13398 (HEX: 3456) -> result should be buff = {'4', 'V'}

here类似

我不需要关心不可打印的字符。总会有可打印的字符。

c converter
3个回答
4
投票

只需使用位移来获取单个字节。

假设int的大小为4的架构:

int someInt = ...

uint8_t first = (someInt >> 24);
uint8_t second = (someInt >> 16);
uint8_t third = (someInt >> 8);
uint8_t fourth = someInt;

现在您可以将结果字节放入数组中。一定要检查firstsecondthird以确保它们不是0,如果它们是,则跳过它们。确保根据C字符串的要求使用null终止符结束数组。

这个答案假定为big-endian排序,因为这是你在你的例子中所表明的。如果你想要little-endian,只需在将它们放入数组时反转字节的顺序。

请注意,这将把5DC变成05DC。如果你想要5D,你应该检查原来的int中的第一个数字是否是0。您可以使用&运算符执行此操作,针对int0xf0000000等测试0x00f00000。如果您发现第一个数字是0,请将int向右移动4位,然后从中提取字节。

所以,像这样:

void ExtractBytes(int anInt, uint8_t *buf, size_t bufSize) {
    // passing an empty buffer to this function would be stupid,
    // but hey, doesn't hurt to be idiot-proof
    if (bufSize == 0) { return; }

    // Get our sizes
    const int intSize = sizeof(anInt);
    const int digitCount = intSize * 2;

    // find first non-zero digit
    int firstNonZero = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < digitCount; i++) {
        if ((anInt & (0xf << ((digitCount - 1 - i) * 4))) != 0) {
            firstNonZero = i;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (firstNonZero < 0) {
        // empty string; just bail out.
        buf[0] = 0;
        return;
    }

    // check whether first non-zero digit is even or odd;
    // shift if it's odd
    int intToUse = (firstNonZero % 2 != 0) ? (anInt >> 4) : anInt;

    // now, just extract our bytes to the buffer
    int bufPtr = 0;
    for (int i = intSize - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        // shift over the appropriate amount, mask against 0xff
        uint8_t byte = (intToUse >> (i * 8));

        // If the byte is 0, we can just skip it
        if (byte == 0) {
            continue;
        }

        // always check to make sure we don't overflow our buffer.
        // if we're on the last byte, make it a null terminator and bail.
        if (bufPtr == bufSize - 1) {
            buf[bufPtr] = 0;
            return;
        }

        // Copy our byte into the buffer
        buf[bufPtr++] = byte;
    }

    // Now, just terminate our string.
    // We can be sure that bufPtr will be less than bufSize,
    // since we checked for that in the loop. So:
    buf[bufPtr] = 0;

    // Aaaaaand we're done
}

现在让我们来看看:

uint8_t buf[10];

ExtractBytes(0x41424344, buf, 10);
printf("%s\n", buf);

ExtractBytes(0x4142434, buf, 10);
printf("%s\n", buf);

和输出:

ABCD
ABC

1
投票

用C语言将整数值转换为ASCII字符?...

参考ASCII table,C中']'的值将始终被解释为0x5D或十进制值93.而C中“]”的值将始终被解释为NULL终止的char数组,即包含的字符串表示形式价值:

|93|\0|  

(如This Answer所示,类似的解释对所有ASCII字符都有效。)

要将任何整数(char)值转换为看起来像“]”的值,可以使用字符串函数将char值转换为字符串表示形式。例如,所有这些变体都将执行该转换:

char strChar[2] = {0};

sprintf(strChar, "%c", ']'); 
sprintf(strChar, "%c", 0x5D); 
sprintf(strChar, "%c", 93);  

并且每个产生相同的C字符串:"]"

我想将字符分配给字符数组...

如何创建char数组的示例,以NULL char结尾,例如“ABC ... Z”:

int i;
char strArray[27] = {0};
for(i=0;i<26;i++)
{
     strArray[i] = i+'A';
}
strArray[i] = 0;
printf("Null terminated array of char: %s\n", strArray);

0
投票
unsigned u = ...;

if (0x10 > u)
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

while (0x10000 < u) u /= 2;
while (0x1000 > u) u *= 2;

char c[2] = {u / 0x100, u % 0x100);
© www.soinside.com 2019 - 2024. All rights reserved.