PyRun_String返回一个NoneType对象

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我正在用C ++写一个base64函数。我想用python进行编码并将结果返回到我的c ++程序。这是我的代码:

string EncodeBase64(string str)
{
    Py_Initialize();
    PyObject* ret1 = NULL;
    PyObject* ret2 = NULL;
    PyObject* main = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
    PyObject* _g = PyModule_GetDict(main);
    PyObject* _l = PyDict_New();
    string py = "str(base64.b64encode('" + str + "'.encode('utf-8')), 'utf-8')";
    string pyb = "base64.b64encode('" + str + "'.encode('utf-8'))";
    char* rec = new char[8192];
    cout << "Request 1: " << py << endl;
    cout << "Request 2: " << pyb << endl;
    PyRun_SimpleString("import base64");
    ret1 = PyRun_String(py.c_str(), Py_file_input, _g, _l);
    main = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
    _g = PyModule_GetDict(main);
    _l = PyDict_New();
    ret2 = PyRun_String(pyb.c_str(), Py_file_input, _g, _l);
    if (!ret1)
    {
        cout << "Can not get return value 1." << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "Type of Return Value 1: " << ret1->ob_type->tp_name << endl;
    }
    if (!ret2)
    {
        cout << "Can not get return value 1." << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "Type of Return Value 2: " << ret1->ob_type->tp_name << endl;
    }
    Py_Finalize();
    return "";
}

我输入了字符串“ 123456”,程序输出了这个:

Request 1: str(base64.b64encode('123456'.encode('utf-8')), 'utf-8')
Request 2: base64.b64encode('123456'.encode('utf-8'))
Type of Return Value 1: NoneType
Type of Return Value 2: NoneType

我尝试将请求字符串输入到python,运行正常。结果如下:

C:\Users\15819>python
Python 3.7.4 (tags/v3.7.4:e09359112e, Jul  8 2019, 20:34:20) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import base64
>>> str(base64.b64encode('123456'.encode('utf-8')), 'utf-8')
'MTIzNDU2'
>>> base64.b64encode('123456'.encode('utf-8'))
b'MTIzNDU2'

我想知道为什么PyRun_String的返回值是NoneType,以及如何使它返回正确的值。我的环境信息:

System: Windows 10 1909 x64
C++IDE: Visual Studio 2019 Professional
Python version: 3.7.4
Project Config: Release X64
python c++ python-3.x visual-studio-2019 python-c-api
1个回答
1
投票

startPy_file_input参数传递实际上类似于将Py_file_input传递给'exec';这意味着要像将其作为一个完整的模块一样运行(想像它要的是the compile built-in的“结果”;没有“结果”)。

仅表达式的计算结果为非平凡/非compile的结果,而不是模块或语句,因此对于除import modulename以外的任何None参数(对于start等于Py_eval_input模式),结果将为始终为Py_eval_input(仅是'eval',因为他们需要返回某些内容来区分compile是失败还是成功),并且None模式需要返回None而不是布尔值)。如果要计算表达式并获取结果,则必须为NULL参数使用eval

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