未找到默认构造函数；嵌套异常是 Log4J 的 java.lang.NoSuchMethodException？

Question

我是 Java 新手。我正在构建一个 Selenium 应用程序来从某些站点收集数据，并使用 log4j 来记录异常、问题等。我正在使用 Microsoft Visual Code 来构建此应用程序。

当我从 MSVC 执行应用程序时，我没有收到错误。当我直接执行 Jar 文件时，出现以下错误。

java -jar leilao.jar
Exception in thread "main" org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.NotInjectableException: No @Inject constructor or default constructor found for chain Key[type: org.apache.logging.log4j.core.lookup.InterpolatorFactory] -> Key[type: java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.util.function.Supplier<org.apache.logging.log4j.core.lookup.StrLookup>>; namespace: Lookup]
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.DefaultInstanceFactory.createDefaultFactory(DefaultInstanceFactory.java:133)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.DefaultInstanceFactory.lambda$getFactory$3(DefaultInstanceFactory.java:111)
        at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:364)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.DefaultInstanceFactory.getFactory(DefaultInstanceFactory.java:111)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.InstanceFactory.getInstance(InstanceFactory.java:126)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.DefaultInstanceFactory.lambda$getArgumentFactory$9(DefaultInstanceFactory.java:211)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:212)
        at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1709)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:556)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:546)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:622)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluateToArrayNode(AbstractPipeline.java:291)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:631)
        at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.toArray(ReferencePipeline.java:637)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.DefaultInstanceFactory.lambda$registerBundleMethod$13(DefaultInstanceFactory.java:293)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.plugins.di.InstanceFactory.getInstance(InstanceFactory.java:115)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.<init>(AbstractConfiguration.java:185)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.DefaultConfiguration.<init>(DefaultConfiguration.java:41)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.<init>(LoggerContext.java:89)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.selector.ClassLoaderContextSelector.createContext(ClassLoaderContextSelector.java:289)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.selector.ClassLoaderContextSelector.locateContext(ClassLoaderContextSelector.java:240)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.selector.ClassLoaderContextSelector.getContext(ClassLoaderContextSelector.java:148)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.selector.ClassLoaderContextSelector.getContext(ClassLoaderContextSelector.java:131)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.selector.ClassLoaderContextSelector.getContext(ClassLoaderContextSelector.java:125)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:156)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:49)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(LogManager.java:127)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:554)
        at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:540)
        at com.imobiliariavenda.Main.main(Main.java:8)

这是我的 Pow.xml 文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.imobiliariavenda</groupId>
    <artifactId>imobiliariavenda</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>



    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-beta2</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-beta2</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.33</version>
        </dependency>

    

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.20.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

这是我的 log4j2.xml 文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="INFO">
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
        </Console>
    </Appenders>

    <Loggers>
        <Root level="trace">
            <AppenderRef ref="console" />
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

Answer 1

每当您直接执行任何 jar 文件时，您都需要将该 jar 文件配置到类路径中。之后，如果您执行，它就会执行。