我需要一个过程来下载一个表的字段（技术名称、字段名称）和一个表的5条记录。
在下面的代码中，我可以下载除了技术字段名以外的所有内容，如何扩展它？
我得到了字段名和它们的值，但我还需要excel的第二行，即字段的技术名称（MATNR，MATKL等）。
先谢谢你。
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report Z_TEST_FIELDS
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT Z_TEST_FIELDS.
DATA: v_default_file_name TYPE string,
v_filename TYPE string,
v_file_path TYPE string,
wa_table TYPE dd02l,
check_path TYPE string,
v_select TYPE string,
t_fieldcat TYPE lvc_t_fcat,
v_xml_version TYPE string,
v_xml_flavour TYPE string,
v_xstring TYPE xstring,
v_size TYPE i,
gt_bintab TYPE solix_tab.
DATA: r_data TYPE REF TO data,
r_structdescr TYPE REF TO cl_abap_structdescr,
r_table TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table,
r_columns TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns_table,
r_aggreg TYPE REF TO cl_salv_aggregations,
r_result_data TYPE REF TO cl_salv_ex_result_data_table.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <table> TYPE ANY TABLE,
<fs_component> TYPE abap_compdescr.
PARAMETERS: p_table TYPE dd02l-tabname .
PARAMETERS: p_path TYPE string OBLIGATORY.
INITIALIZATION.
LOOP AT SCREEN.
IF screen-name = P_PATH.
screen-input = 0.
MODIFY SCREEN.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR p_path.
CONCATENATE p_table 'EXCEL_' SY-DATUM INTO v_default_file_name.
cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_save_dialog(
EXPORTING
window_title = ''
default_extension = 'XLS'
default_file_name = v_default_file_name
initial_directory = 'Desktop'
prompt_on_overwrite = 'X'
CHANGING
filename = v_filename
path = v_file_path
fullpath = p_path
EXCEPTIONS
cntl_error = 1
error_no_gui = 2
not_supported_by_gui = 3
OTHERS = 4
).
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE 'ERROR' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
START-OF-SELECTION.
TRANSLATE v_file_path TO UPPER CASE.
CONCATENATE v_file_path v_default_file_name '.XLS' INTO check_path.
SELECT SINGLE tabname INTO wa_table FROM dd02l
WHERE tabname EQ p_table
AND tabclass EQ 'TRANSP'.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
MESSAGE 'ERROR' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
IF p_path EQ check_path.
* Select all data
PERFORM get_table_data.
* Build excel output data
PERFORM build_excel_data.
* Export excel file
PERFORM export_excel.
ELSE.
MESSAGE 'ERROR' TYPE 'E'.
EXIT.
ENDIF.
FORM get_table_data.
CREATE DATA r_data TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF (p_table).
ASSIGN r_data->* TO <table>.
* Get all columns for select
r_structdescr ?= cl_abap_structdescr=>describe_by_name( p_table ).
IF r_structdescr IS BOUND.
LOOP AT r_structdescr->components[] ASSIGNING <fs_component>.
CONCATENATE v_select <fs_component>-name INTO v_select SEPARATED BY space.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
* Select all data
SELECT (v_select) FROM (p_table) INTO TABLE <table>
UP TO 2 ROWS.
ENDFORM. "get_table_data
FORM build_excel_data.
TRY.
cl_salv_table=>factory(
EXPORTING
list_display = abap_false
IMPORTING
r_salv_table = r_table
CHANGING
t_table = <table> ).
CATCH cx_salv_msg.
ENDTRY.
* Get columns and aggregation to create fieldcatalog
r_columns = r_table->get_columns( ).
r_aggreg = r_table->get_aggregations( ).
t_fieldcat = cl_salv_controller_metadata=>get_lvc_fieldcatalog(
r_columns = r_columns
r_aggregations = r_aggreg ).
* Create result data table
IF cl_salv_bs_a_xml_base=>get_version( ) EQ if_salv_bs_xml=>version_25 OR
cl_salv_bs_a_xml_base=>get_version( ) EQ if_salv_bs_xml=>version_26.
r_result_data = cl_salv_ex_util=>factory_result_data_table(
r_data = r_data
t_fieldcatalog = t_fieldcat
).
* Get XML version
CASE cl_salv_bs_a_xml_base=>get_version( ).
WHEN if_salv_bs_xml=>version_25.
v_xml_version = if_salv_bs_xml=>version_25.
WHEN if_salv_bs_xml=>version_26.
v_xml_version = if_salv_bs_xml=>version_26.
ENDCASE.
* Get XML flavour
v_xml_flavour = if_salv_bs_c_tt=>c_tt_xml_flavour_export.
* Create excel data
CALL METHOD cl_salv_bs_tt_util=>if_salv_bs_tt_util~transform
EXPORTING
xml_type = if_salv_bs_xml=>c_type_mhtml
xml_version = v_xml_version
r_result_data = r_result_data
xml_flavour = v_xml_flavour
gui_type = if_salv_bs_xml=>c_gui_type_gui
IMPORTING
xml = v_xstring.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "build_excel_data
FORM export_excel.
IF v_xstring IS NOT INITIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'SCMS_XSTRING_TO_BINARY'
EXPORTING
buffer = v_xstring
IMPORTING
output_length = v_size
TABLES
binary_tab = gt_bintab.
CALL METHOD cl_gui_frontend_services=>gui_download
EXPORTING
bin_filesize = v_size
filename = p_path
filetype = 'BIN'
CHANGING
data_tab = gt_bintab
EXCEPTIONS
file_write_error = 1
no_batch = 2
gui_refuse_filetransfer = 3
invalid_type = 4
no_authority = 5
unknown_error = 6
header_not_allowed = 7
separator_not_allowed = 8
filesize_not_allowed = 9
header_too_long = 10
dp_error_create = 11
dp_error_send = 12
dp_error_write = 13
unknown_dp_error = 14
access_denied = 15
dp_out_of_memory = 16
disk_full = 17
dp_timeout = 18
file_not_found = 19
dataprovider_exception = 20
control_flush_error = 21
not_supported_by_gui = 22
error_no_gui = 23
OTHERS = 24.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
* MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
* WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. "export_excel
我相信这里的问题是通过ALV生成excel。
添加第一行的技术字段是不可行的，因为...。<table> 字段符号具有马拉（例如）结构，你不能在char1类型中传递字符串'MTART'。
我想你有2个选择。
选择一：
不使用ALV，通过其他方式生成excel，这样就可以处理好 串类型 在你的表中。例如，您可以尝试使用函数 ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE
备选方案2
试试 R_TOP_OF_LIST 方法的参数 cl_salv_ex_util=>factory_result_data_table
结果将是 靠近 您的要求，但也许可以接受。技术字段要加在名字之前，并且在名字和技术字段之间空一行。
DATA gt_components TYPE abap_compdescr_tab.
DATA lr_content TYPE REF TO cl_salv_form_element.
DATA lr_form TYPE REF TO cl_salv_form.
". . .
gt_components = r_structdescr->components[].
". . .
PERFORM built_header CHANGING lr_content. " builds the technical names list
create OBJECT lr_form.
lr_form->set_content( lr_content ).
". . .
r_result_data = cl_salv_ex_util=>factory_result_data_table(
r_data = r_data
t_fieldcatalog = t_fieldcat
r_top_of_list = lr_form
". . .
FORM built_header CHANGING cr_content TYPE REF TO cl_salv_form_element.
DATA: lr_grid TYPE REF TO cl_salv_form_layout_grid,
lr_label TYPE REF TO cl_salv_form_label.
CREATE OBJECT lr_grid.
LOOP AT gt_components into data(ls_comp).
data(col) = sy-tabix.
lr_label = lr_grid->create_label(
row = 1
column = col
text = ls_comp-name
tooltip = '' ).
ENDLOOP.
cr_content = lr_grid.
ENDFORM. " built_header