Octave uicontrol 按钮元素

Question

我现在正在尝试扩展Tasos在回调函数抛出意外的“不一致参数”错误中给出的答案。我想以按钮的形式再插入两个 uicontrol。我想要两个按钮来调节图表上显示的两个功能中的哪一个（以及之前定义的滑块）。如果按下第一个按钮 (elp_button)，则应绘制函数 Eu 和 Ev，而如果按下第二个按钮 (pot_button)，则应绘制函数 Pu 和 Pv。但是，我得到一个空图。这是我制作的脚本。

%1

%Definiramo klizace ispod grafa
function radiodugme()
  % Oznaka za dugmad
    rd_label = uicontrol ( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "string", "Prikaz:",
    "horizontalalignment", "left",
    "position", [0.05 0.16 0.05 0.05], 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    
  % Dugme za el. polje
    elp_button = uicontrol ( 
    "style", "radiobutton",
    "units", "normalized",
    "string", "El. polje",
    "position", [0.05 0.09 0.05 0.05], 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    
  % Dugme za el. pot.
    pot_button = uicontrol ( 
    "style", "radiobutton",
    "units", "normalized",
    "string", "El. pot.",
    "position", [0.05 0.02 0.05 0.05], 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za R
    R_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.02, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "R", 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    R_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized", 
    "position", [0.35, 0.035, 0.50, 0.1], 
    "min", 0.01, 
    "max", 0.05 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za rho
    rho_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.09, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "rho (C/m3)",
    "fontsize", 16 );
    rho_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.35, 0.105, 0.50, 0.1],
    "min", 0.1,
    "max", 1 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za er
    er_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.16, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "e_r", 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    er_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.35, 0.175, 0.50, 0.1],
    "min", 1,
    "max", 15 );

% Pozivamo callback funkciju, postavimo pocetne klizace i graf
    R_init = 0.01;   
    rho_init = 0.1;
    er_init = 1;
    set (elp_button, 
    "value", 1, 
    "callback", { @rd_callback, elp_button, pot_button } );
    set (pot_button, 
    "value", 0, 
    "callback", { @rd_callback, elp_button, pot_button } );
    set( R_slider, 
    "value", R_init,
    "callback", { @slider_callback, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    set( rho_slider,
    "value", rho_init ,
    "callback", { @slider_callback, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    set( er_slider,
    "value", er_init ,
    "callback", { @slider_callback, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    plot_elppot ( R_init, rho_init, er_init );
endfunction

% Definiramo callback funkciju - poziva radiodugme i klizace
function rd_callback (active_handle, event, elp_button, pot_button )
    slider_callback (active_handle, event, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider );
endfunction

% Definiramo callback funkciju - poziva klizace i crtanje grafa
function slider_callback (active_handle, event, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider )
    R = get ( R_slider, "value" );
    rho  = get ( rho_slider, "value" );
    er  = get ( er_slider, "value" );
    plot_elppot ( R, rho, er );
endfunction

% Definiramo funkciju za crtanje grafa
function plot_elppot ( R, rho, er ) 
    e0 = 8.8541878128e-12;
    rv = R : 0.001 : 0.1;
    Ev = (R^3 * rho)./(3 * e0 * rv.^2);
    Pv = (R^3 * rho)./(3 * e0 * rv);
    ru = 0 : 0.001 : R;
    Eu = (rho * ru)./(3 * e0 * er);
    Pu = (rho * ( R^2 * (2*er + 1) - ru.^2 ))./(6 * e0 * er);
    
    %Crtamo graf Eu/Ev ili Pu/Pv
    axes ("position", [0.2, 0.325, 0.675, 0.6]);
    if get ( elp_button, "value" )
     set (pot_button, "value", 0);
     plot ( 
     ru, Eu, "linewidth", 2.5, 
     rv, Ev, "linewidth", 2.5 );   
     set( gca,  
     "xlim", [0, 0.1], "ylim", [0, 2d9], 
     "xlabel", "r (m)", "ylabel", "E (V/m)", 
     "fontsize", 18, 
     "xgrid", "on", "ygrid", "on" );
    endif
    if get ( pot_button, "value" )
     set (elp_button, "value", 0);
     plot ( 
     ru, Pu, "linewidth", 2.5, 
     rv, Pv, "linewidth", 2.5 );   
     set( gca,  
     "xlim", [0, 0.1], "ylim", [0, 1.6d8], 
     "xlabel", "r (m)", "ylabel", "\\phi (V)", 
     "fontsize", 18, 
     "xgrid", "on", "ygrid", "on" );
    endif

    %Legenda
    l = legend( sprintf( 
    " R = %.2f,\n \\rho = %.2f,\n \\epsilon_r = %.2f", R, rho, er ) );   
    set( l, 
    "fontsize", 18, 
    "location", "northwestoutside" );
endfunction

问题似乎是在 Octave 尝试绘制函数时出现的。我使用“if”语句来确定按下了哪个按钮。这可能是问题所在吗？我尝试按照 https://wiki.octave.org/Uicontrols 上的示例进行操作，但我无法理解它，无法将其转移到我的示例中。除了使用“if”语句之外，还有其他方法可以根据按钮选择来绘制图表吗？

Answer 1

我设法通过用弹出菜单 uicontrol 替换单选按钮 uicontrol 解决了该问题。代码现在看起来像这样：

%1

%Definiramo izbornik i klizace ispod grafa
function iamenu()
  % Oznaka za izbornik
    elpp_label = uicontrol ( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "string", "  Prikaz:",
    "horizontalalignment", "left",
    "position", [0.05 0.16 0.05 0.05], 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    
  % Izbornik za el. polje i pot.
    elpp_popup = uicontrol ( 
    "style", "popupmenu",
    "units", "normalized",
    "string", {"El. polje", "Potencijal"},
%    "callback", @update_plot
    "position", [0.05 0.09 0.1 0.05], 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za R
    R_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.02, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "R", 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    R_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized", 
    "position", [0.35, 0.035, 0.50, 0.1], 
    "min", 0.01, 
    "max", 0.05 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za rho
    rho_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.09, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "rho (C/m3)",
    "fontsize", 16 );
    rho_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.35, 0.105, 0.50, 0.1],
    "min", 0.1,
    "max", 1 );
    
  % Oznaka i klizac za er
    er_label  = uicontrol( 
    "style", "text",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.20, 0.16, 0.10, 0.05],
    "string", "e_r", 
    "fontsize", 16 );
    er_slider = uicontrol( 
    "style", "slider",
    "units", "normalized",
    "position", [0.35, 0.175, 0.50, 0.1],
    "min", 1,
    "max", 15 );

% Postavimo pocetni izbornik, klizace i graf, te pozivamo callback funkciju plot_elppot 
    iaelpp_init = 1;
    R_init = 0.01;   
    rho_init = 0.1;
    er_init = 1;
    set (elpp_popup, 
    "value", iaelpp_init, 
    "callback", { @iamenu_callback, elpp_popup, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    set( R_slider, 
    "value", R_init,
    "callback", { @iamenu_callback, elpp_popup, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    set( rho_slider,
    "value", rho_init ,
    "callback", { @iamenu_callback, elpp_popup, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    set( er_slider,
    "value", er_init ,
    "callback", { @iamenu_callback, elpp_popup, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider } );
    plot_elppot ( iaelpp_init, R_init, rho_init, er_init );
endfunction

% Definiramo callback funkciju - poziva izbornik i klizace te crtanje grafa s plot_elppot
function iamenu_callback (active_handle, event, elpp_popup, R_slider, rho_slider, er_slider )
    iaelpp = get ( elpp_popup, "value");
    R = get ( R_slider, "value" );
    rho  = get ( rho_slider, "value" );
    er  = get ( er_slider, "value" );
    plot_elppot ( iaelpp, R, rho, er );
endfunction

% Definiramo funkciju za crtanje grafa
function plot_elppot ( iaelpp, R, rho, er ) 
    e0 = 8.8541878128e-12;
    rv = R : 0.001 : 0.1;
    Ev = (R^3 * rho)./(3 * e0 * rv.^2);
    Pv = (R^3 * rho)./(3 * e0 * rv);
    ru = 0 : 0.001 : R;
    Eu = (rho * ru)./(3 * e0 * er);
    Pu = (rho * ( R^2 * (2*er + 1) - ru.^2 ))./(6 * e0 * er);
    
    %Crtamo graf Eu/Ev ili Pu/Pv, ovisno o izboru iaelpp
    axes ("position", [0.2, 0.325, 0.675, 0.6]);  
    if ( iaelpp == 1 )
      plot ( 
      ru, Eu, "linewidth", 2.5, 
      rv, Ev, "linewidth", 2.5 ); 
      set( gca,  
      "xlim", [0, 0.1], "ylim", [0, 2d9], 
      "xlabel", "r (m)", "ylabel", "E (V/m)", 
      "fontsize", 18, 
      "xgrid", "on", "ygrid", "on" );
    endif
    if ( iaelpp == 2 )
      plot ( 
      ru, Pu, "linewidth", 2.5, 
      rv, Pv, "linewidth", 2.5 ); 
      set( gca,  
      "xlim", [0, 0.1], "ylim", [0, 1.6d8], 
      "xlabel", "r (m)", "ylabel", "\\phi (V)", 
      "fontsize", 18, 
      "xgrid", "on", "ygrid", "on" );
    endif

    %Legenda
    l = legend( sprintf( 
    " R = %.2f,\n \\rho = %.2f,\n \\epsilon_r = %.2f", R, rho, er ) );   
    set( l, 
    "fontsize", 18, 
    "location", "northwestoutside" );
endfunction