如何在Django上测试编辑功能？ （错误django.db.utils.IntegrityError：NOT NULL约束失败）

Question

我尝试编写用于编辑记录及其单元测试的代码。这是我的代码：test_view.py

def test_edit_address(self):
    address1 = Address.objects.create(first_name='Edith', last_name='Star', address='Some City', phone_number='123455')
    response = self.client.post(
        reverse('edit', kwargs={'address_id': address1.id}), 
        {'first_name': 'Patrick', 'last_name': 'Stars', 'address': 'Other City', 'phone_number': '0123455'})
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
    address1.refresh_from_db()
    self.assertEqual(address1.first_name, 'Patrick')

views.py

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from addressbooksapp.models import Address
from django.contrib import messages

def edit(request, address_id):

  if  request.method == 'POST':
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id)

    addresses.first_name = request.POST.get('firstname_text')
    addresses.last_name = request.POST.get('lastname_text')
    addresses.address = request.POST.get('address_text')
    addresses.phone_number = request.POST.get('phone_text')

    addresses.save()
    messages.success(request, ('Record Has Been Edited!'))
    return redirect('home')

  else:
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id) 
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'addresses': addresses})

models.py

from django.db import models

class Address(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    address = models.TextField()
    phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=200)

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from addressbooksapp import views

urlpatterns = [
     path('', views.home_page, name='home'),
     path('delete/<address_id>',views.delete, name='delete'),
     path('edit/<address_id>',views.edit, name='edit'),
]

但是运行测试时出现错误“ django.db.utils.IntegrityError：NOT NULL约束失败：addressbooksapp_address.first_name”

Answer 1

您在测试中发送的数据与您在视图中处理的数据之间不匹配。在测试中，您以first_name，last_name，address和phone_number作为键发送请求。但是在视图中，您使用firstname_text，lastname_text，address_text和phone_text处理数据。

例如，您可以在视图中使用以下方式更改名称：

def edit(request, address_id):

  if  request.method == 'POST':
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id)

    addresses.first_name = request.POST['first_name']
    addresses.last_name = request.POST['last_name']
    addresses.address = request.POST['address']
    addresses.phone_number = request.POST['phone_number']

    addresses.save()
    messages.success(request, ('Record Has Been Edited!'))
    return redirect('home')

  else:
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id) 
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'addresses': addresses})

[我建议在这里使用下标，因此POST[key]胜过使用.get()方法，因为这样，如果密钥丢失，它将引发错误。