Leetcode Ex。 204:算素数

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我正在学习使用LeetCode问题的Python,并遇到了Count Primes问题。我创建了一个解决方案,但是该程序在提交时返回了“超出时间限制”。我不知道为什么会这样。为什么会发生这种情况,以及如何改进解决方案以提高时间效率?

简介:计算小于非负数n的质数的数目。

示例:

输入:10输出4说明:有4个质数小于10,它们是2、3、5、7。

我的解决方案:

class Solution:

    def isPrime(self,n: int) -> int:
      isPrime = False
      count = 0
      for i in range (1,n+1): # Iterates through integers (acting as divisors) from 1 to n
        if n % i == 0: # aka if n is divisible by i
          count = count + 1
      if count == 2: # if n only divisible by itself and 1
        isPrime = True
      return isPrime

    def countPrimes(self,n):
      totalPrimes = 0
      for i in range(1,n): # runs from 1 to n-1
       answer = self.isPrime(i)
       if answer == True:
        totalPrimes = totalPrimes + 1
      return totalPrimes
python primes
1个回答
0
投票

有多种方法可以计算一定范围内的素数(但是对于大数而言,效率非常低且耗时)。您似乎有一个正确的主意,我们首先需要一个[[正确]]确定n是否为素数的函数(某些像Fermat和Miller-Rabin这样快速的素数检验给出假阳性)。审判分庭是最容易实现的(但是,只有少数人可以这样做)。对于每个输入n,我们将检查是否存在除以n的质数p import math def is_prime(n): trial_divide=[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31] if (n < 32): if n in trial_divide: return(1) else: return(0) if (n < 1001): for p in trial_divide: if (n%p==0): return(0) return(1) if (n > 1000): f = round(math.sqrt(n)+1) trial_divide=count_primes(f) for p in trial_divide: if (n%p==0): return(0) return(1)

我们还没有定义count_primes,因此输入超过1000会导致错误。这是素数计数函数(实际上,它返回小于或等于n的素数):

def count_primes(n): primes=[] for i in range(n+1): if is_prime(i): primes.append(i) return(primes)

将两个和两个放在一起,我们可以用类似2000的形式调用count_primes函数:

print(count_primes(2000))

应该返回小于2000的素数:

[2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101, 103, 107, 109, 113, 127, 131, 137, 139, 149, 151, 157, 163, 167, 173, 179, 181, 191, 193, 197, 199, 211, 223, 227, 229, 233, 239, 241, 251, 257, 263, 269, 271, 277, 281, 283, 293, 307, 311, 313, 317, 331, 337, 347, 349, 353, 359, 367, 373, 379, 383, 389, 397, 401, 409, 419, 421, 431, 433, 439, 443, 449, 457, 461, 463, 467, 479, 487, 491, 499, 503, 509, 521, 523, 541, 547, 557, 563, 569, 571, 577, 587, 593, 599, 601, 607, 613, 617, 619, 631, 641, 643, 647, 653, 659, 661, 673, 677, 683, 691, 701, 709, 719, 727, 733, 739, 743, 751, 757, 761, 769, 773, 787, 797, 809, 811, 821, 823, 827, 829, 839, 853, 857, 859, 863, 877, 881, 883, 887, 907, 911, 919, 929, 937, 941, 947, 953, 967, 971,977, 983, 991, 997, 1009, 1013, 1019, 1021, 1031, 1033, 1039, 1049, 1051, 1061, 1063, 1069, 1087, 1091, 1093, 1097, 1103, 1109, 1117, 1123, 1129, 1151, 1153, 1163, 1171, 1181, 1187, 1193, 1201, 1213, 1217, 1223, 1229, 1231, 1237, 1249, 1259, 1277, 1279, 1283, 1289, 1291, 1297, 1301, 1303, 1307, 1319, 1321, 1327, 1361, 1367, 1373, 1381, 1399, 1409, 1423, 1427, 1429, 1433, 1439, 1447, 1451, 1453, 1459, 1471, 1481, 1483, 1487, 1489, 1493, 1499, 1511, 1523, 1531, 1543, 1549, 1553, 1559, 1567, 1571, 1579, 1583, 1597, 1601, 1607, 1609, 1613, 1619, 1621, 1627, 1637, 1657, 1663, 1667, 1669, 1693, 1697, 1699, 1709, 1721, 1723, 1733, 1741, 1747, 1753, 1759, 1777, 1783, 1787, 1789, 1801, 1811, 1823, 1831, 1847, 1861, 1867, 1871, 1873, 1877, 1879, 1889, 1901, 1907, 1913, 1931, 1933, 1949, 1951, 1973, 1979, 1987, 1993, 1997, 1999]

要检查有多少,请致电

print(len(count_primes(2000)))

在此范围内给出303个素数。
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