用户定义类型数组中的元素在更改[重复]时全部更改

Question

这个问题在这里已有答案：

• Why is list when passed without ref to a function acting like passed with ref? 7个答案

在我的阵列中发生了一个名为“动物”的不合逻辑的变化。每当我更改数组中的一个元素时，所有其他元素都会随之更改。我不知道为什么会这样。

当我运行下面的程序时，控制台会写入

Sugar, Dog
Sugar, Dog

那不应该发生。我应该得到

Fluffy, Cat
Sugar, Dog

请查看以下相关代码：

//Program.cs
namespace AnimalProgram
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {           
            AnimalInfo vitalStats = new AnimalInfo("vital statistics", new string[] { "name", "sex", "species", "breed", "age" }); //name, species, breed, sex, age.
            AnimalInfo veterinarian = new AnimalInfo("veterinarian", new string[] { "Vet Name", "Name of Vet's Practice" });

        List<AnimalInfo> animalStats = new List<AnimalInfo> {vitalStats, veterinarian };

        Animal cat1 = new Animal();
        Animal dog1 = new Animal();

        Animal[] animals = new Animal[2] { cat1, dog1};

        for(int i = 0; i < animals.Count(); i++) animals[i].initializeAnimalInfo(animalStats);

        AnimalInfo cat1vitals= new AnimalInfo("vital statistics", new string[] { "Fluffy", "F", "Cat", "American Shorthair", "5" });
        AnimalInfo dog1vitals = new AnimalInfo("vital statistics", new string[] { "Sugar", "F", "Dog", "Great Dane", "7" });
        AnimalInfo cat1vet = new AnimalInfo("veterinarian", new string[] { "Joe Schmoe", "Joe's Veterinary" });
        AnimalInfo dog1vet = new AnimalInfo("veterinarian", new string[] { "Jim Blow", "Jim's Garage" });

        cat1.UpdateAnimalInfo(new List<AnimalInfo>() { cat1vitals, cat1vet });
        dog1.UpdateAnimalInfo(new List<AnimalInfo>() { dog1vitals, dog1vet });

        Console.WriteLine(cat1.animalProperties[0].info[0] + ", " + cat1.animalProperties[0].info[2]);
        Console.WriteLine(dog1.animalProperties[0].info[0] + ", " + dog1.animalProperties[0].info[2]);

        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

}

//Animal.cs
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace AnimalProgram
{

class Animal
{

    public List<AnimalInfo> animalProperties;

    public Animal() {  }

    public void initializeAnimalInfo(List<AnimalInfo> aInfo)
    {
        animalProperties = aInfo;
    }

    public void UpdateAnimalInfo(List<AnimalInfo> targetInfo)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < targetInfo.Count(); i++)
            animalProperties[i].info = targetInfo[i].info;
    }

}

}

//AnimalInfo.cs
namespace AnimalProgram
{
    public class AnimalInfo
    {
        public string infoName;
        public string [] info;

    public AnimalInfo(string iName, string [] information)
    {
        infoName = iName;
        info = information;
    }
}

}

Answer 1

您使用相同的对象初始化animalStats。因此，狗和猫保持共享一组属性。

您应该为每个对象创建自己的属性：

for(int i = 0; i < animals.Count(); i++) {
    AnimalInfo vitalStats = new AnimalInfo("vital statistics", new string[] { "name", "sex", "species", "breed", "age" }); //name, species, breed, sex, age.
    AnimalInfo veterinarian = new AnimalInfo("veterinarian", new string[] { "Vet Name", "Name of Vet's Practice" });

    List<AnimalInfo> animalStats = new List<AnimalInfo> {vitalStats, veterinarian };
    animals[i].initializeAnimalInfo(animalStats);
}