Hibernate 和 H2 OneToMany 双向映射的“引用完整性约束违规”

问题描述 投票：0回答：2

所以我有两种简单的豆子——FatKid 和汉堡包。现在，由于我不知道的原因，我不仅需要能够查找某人吃过的所有汉堡包，而且还需要能够查找谁吃了哪个特定的汉堡包。进入代码！

FatKid.java

import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table
@Entity
public class FatKid {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List<Hamburger> hamburgers;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "FATKID_ID")
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name="HAMBURGER_ID")
    public List<Hamburger> getHamburgers() {
        return hamburgers;
    }
    public void setHamburgers(List<Hamburger> hamburgers) {
        this.hamburgers = hamburgers;
    }

}

汉堡.java

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table
@Entity
public class Hamburger {

    private int id;
    private String description;
    private FatKid whoDoneAteMe;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name = "HAMBURGER_ID")
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Column
    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    @ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name="FATKID_ID")
    public FatKid getWhoDoneAteMe() {
        return whoDoneAteMe;
    }
    public void setWhoDoneAteMe(FatKid whoDoneAteMe) {
        this.whoDoneAteMe = whoDoneAteMe;
    }

}

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.h2.Driver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:h2:~/routesetting</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect</property>

        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>

        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!-- Disable the second-level cache  -->
        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</property>

        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</property>

        <mapping class="FatKid" />
        <mapping class="Hamburger" />

    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

依赖关系

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    <version>3.6.7.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.160</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>javassist</groupId>
    <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
    <version>3.9.0.GA</version>
</dependency>

客户

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class OmNom {

    private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();

        session.beginTransaction();
        FatKid fk = new FatKid();
        fk.setName("Darrell");
        session.save(fk);
        session.getTransaction().commit();

        session.beginTransaction();
        Hamburger hamburger_1 = new Hamburger();
        hamburger_1.setDescription("Juicy quarter pounder with cheese");
        hamburger_1.setWhoDoneAteMe(fk);
        session.save(hamburger_1);
        session.getTransaction().commit();

        session.beginTransaction();
        Hamburger hamburger_2 = new Hamburger();
        hamburger_2.setDescription("Ground buffalo burger topped with bacon and a sunny-side egg");
        hamburger_2.setWhoDoneAteMe(fk);
        session.save(hamburger_2);
        session.getTransaction().commit();

        sessionFactory.close();

    }

    private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
        try {
            // Create the SessionFactory from hibernate.cfg.xml
            return new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            // Make sure you log the exception, as it might be swallowed
            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
        }
    }

}

因此，当我运行代码时，我最终会得到输出（和截断的堆栈跟踪）

Hibernate: insert into FatKid (FATKID_ID, name) values (null, ?)
Hibernate: insert into Hamburger (HAMBURGER_ID, description, FATKID_ID) values (null, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into Hamburger (HAMBURGER_ID, description, FATKID_ID) values (null, ?, ?)
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not insert: [Hamburger]
        ...
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Referential integrity constraint violation: "FK43797FE95067143: PUBLIC.HAMBURGER FOREIGN KEY(HAMBURGER_ID) REFERENCES PUBLIC.FATKID(FATKID_ID)"; SQL statement:
insert into Hamburger (HAMBURGER_ID, description, FATKID_ID) values (null, ?, ?) [23506-160]
        ...

因此第一个汉堡包被保存，但它在第二个汉堡包上爆炸了。两者都应该能够使用 FatKid 的 id 作为外键，但它似乎不起作用。任何见解将不胜感激。

谢谢， 凯文

hibernate foreign-keys one-to-many h2 bidirectional
2个回答
14
投票

你的映射对我来说看起来很奇怪。关系的两侧都有一个@JoinColumn，每个都指向另一个表的主键。这似乎不是 OneToMany 关系。

您的 OneToMany 应告诉关系的所有者：

@OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy = "whoDoneAteMe")
public List<Hamburger> getHamburgers() {
    return hamburgers;
}

然后在另一边：

@ManyToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name = "fatkid_id")
public FatKid getWhoDoneAteMe() {
    return whoDoneAteMe;
}

您也许还可以进一步优化您的代码。由于您的 FatKid 对象知道汉堡对象并且您已配置级联，因此您可以执行以下操作：

    session.beginTransaction();
    FatKid fk = new FatKid();
    fk.setName("Darrell");

    Hamburger hamburger_1 = new Hamburger();
    hamburger_1.setDescription("Juicy quarter pounder with cheese");
    hamburger_1.setWhoDoneAteMe(fk);
    fk.getHamburgers().add(hamburger1);

    Hamburger hamburger_2 = new Hamburger();
    hamburger_2.setDescription("Ground buffalo burger topped with bacon and a sunny-side egg");
    hamburger_2.setWhoDoneAteMe(fk);
    fk.getHamburgers().add(hamburger2);

    session.save(fk);
    session.getTransaction().commit();

    sessionFactory.close();

上述代码应该仅通过一次提交操作并在单个事务中保存完整的对象图。

0
投票

我在尝试“INSERT INTO”操作时遇到“引用完整性约束违规”错误。出现这个问题是因为我试图插入一个实体，该实体的外键指向尚未创建的表条目。

为了解决这个问题，我采取了以下步骤：首先在引用的表中插入一条新记录，获取新的主键值。然后，使用这个新密钥，我能够成功插入所需的实体，而不会出现任何进一步的问题。

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