我正在尝试创建一个用于 CLion 和 VSCode 的通用 cmake 文件。这个想法是创建一个目录，并在其中为每个作业创建一个子目录（这是给我的学生）。在子目录中，他们可以创建各种 C/C++/S 源代码。 还有一个 CMakeLists.txt 确定包含（并可能编译）哪些附加库。
在super或main目录下有一个CMakeLists.txt如下：
# @file CMakeLists.txt
# @brief Generic CMakeFile for ATXMega in VSCode and CLion
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 29-3-2023
#
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
project(start_voorbeelden CXX C NONE)
# add our sub projects
add_subdirectory(blink)
#add_subdirectory(blink2)
#add_subdirectory(ucg_test)
然后在子目录下出现一个CMakeLists.txt
#
# @file CMakeLists.txt
# @brief root CMakeList.txt for sub projects
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 29-3-2023
#
#import the standard cmake
set (USE_SPILIB 1)
#set (USE_UCGLIB 1)
include(../generic.cmake)
最后但并非最不重要的是 generic.cmake。这就是所有魔法应该发生的地方。
#
# @file generic.cmake
# @brief Generic CMakeFile for ATXMega in VSCode and CLion
# Needs to be imported into the root of the individual
# sub projects
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 29-3-2023
#
# give the project the root folder name
cmake_path(GET CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR FILENAME PROJECT_NAME)
message(STATUS "Current source dir = ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
string(REPLACE " " "_" ProjectId ${PROJECT_NAME})
project(${PROJECT_NAME} C CXX NONE)
set(DEV_ROOT d:/vsavr8)
# avrdude
set(AVR_DUDE_EXECUTABLE ${DEV_ROOT}/tools/avrdude.exe)
# compiler path in root/gcc
set(COMPILE_PATH ${DEV_ROOT}/gcc/bin/)
# additional libraries
if(USE_SPILIB)
set (SPILIB "../spi/")
message (STATUS "Including ${SPILIB}")
include_directories(${SPILIB})
endif()
if(USE_UCGLIB)
set (UCGLIB "../ucglib/csrc/")
set (UCG_CALLBACK "../ucglib/callback/")
message (STATUS "Including ${UCGLIB} and ${UCG_CALLBACK}")
include_directories(${UCGLIB})
include_directories(${UCG_CALLBACK})
endif()
# CPU to build for
set(TARGET_CPU ATxmega256A3U)
# our compilers
set (CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-gcc.exe )
set (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-g++.exe )
#check if we can find the compilers
include(../CMakeVerifyCompiler.txt)
#list all search directories
message(STATUS "Included directories")
get_property(dirs DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} PROPERTY INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
foreach(dir ${dirs})
message(STATUS "dir='${dir}'")
endforeach()
# compiler switches and definitions
# compiler switches and definitions
add_compile_definitions("__AVR_${TARGET_CPU}__")
add_compile_options("-O3")
add_compile_options(-fdata-sections)
add_compile_options(-ffunction-sections)
add_compile_options("-fpack-struct")
add_compile_options("-fshort-enums")
add_compile_options("-Wall")
add_compile_options("-Werror")
add_compile_options("-funsigned-char")
add_compile_options("-funsigned-bitfields")
add_compile_options("-c")
add_link_options(-Wl,--gc-sections)
add_link_options(-Wl,--print-memory-usage)
add_link_options(-Wl,--print-gc-sections)
# set verbose on
add_compile_options("-v")
# if you want to program in C++ or assembly that option is also added
# just the standard folders in the root
set(PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR "*.c" "*.h" "*.cpp" "*.hpp" "*.s" )
# add additional library source folders
if (USE_SPILIB)
list( APPEND PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR "${SPILIB}*.c" "${SPILIB}*.h")
endif()
if (USE_UCGLIB)
list( APPEND PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR "${UCGLIB}*.c" "${UCGLIB}*.h" "${UCG_CALLBACK}*.c" "${UCG_CALLBACK}*.h")
endif()
# get all the sources.
file(GLOB PROJECT_SRC CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
MESSAGE(${PROJECT_SRC})
# define our elf file
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
${PROJECT_SRC})
#### Uncomment this to see flashing process details
#set(FLASH_VERBOSE_FLAG "-v")
add_custom_target(FLASH_${PROJECT_NAME}
${AVR_DUDE_EXECUTABLE} -p x256a3u -P usb -c avrispmkII -b115200 ${FLASH_VERBOSE_FLAG} -U flash:w:${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf:a
DEPENDS ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
)
遗憾的是魔术有点令人失望。如果程序很小，它编译得很好。然后我添加了 ucg lib（来自 olikraus）。现在闪存文件比芯片的闪存 (atxmega256a3u) 大。所以显然包含所有代码的 flash 文件（大约 1.3 MBytes）。
我在网上发现我应该添加编译器开关
add_compile_options(-fdata-sections)
add_compile_options(-ffunction-sections)
在链接器部分
add_link_options(-Wl,--gc-sections)
现在我的 flashfile 被缩减为 24 字节的文本。我认为这还不够。
我进行了一个较小的测试（闪烁一些 SPI 函数）并添加了 verbose 以查看结果。这是输出
"C:\Program Files\JetBrains\CLion 2022.2.3\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe" --build D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\cmake-build-debug --target blink.elf -- -j 6
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target blink.elf
[ 33%] Building C object blink/CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj
Using built-in specs.
Reading specs from d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/device-specs/specs-avr2
COLLECT_GCC=d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\avr-gcc.exe
Target: avr
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/opt/avr-gcc-mingw32 --target=avr --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-nls --disable-libssp --with-dwarf2 --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu : (reconfigured) ../configure --prefix=/opt/avr-gcc-mingw32 --target=avr --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-nls --disable-libssp --with-dwarf2 --with-newlib --disable-__cxa_atexit --disable-threads --disable-shared --enable-static --disable-sjlj-exceptions --enable-libstdcxx --enable-lto --disable-hosted-libstdcxx
Thread model: single
gcc version 9.2.0 (GCC)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '__AVR_ATxmega256A3U__' '-I' 'D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\..\spi' '-g' '-O3' '-fdata-sections' '-ffunction-sections' '-fpack-struct' '-fshort-enums' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-funsigned-char' '-funsigned-bitfields' '-c' '-v' '-MD' '-MT' 'blink/CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj' '-MF' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj.d' '-o' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj' '-c' '-specs=device-specs/specs-avr2'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../libexec/gcc/avr/9.2.0/cc1.exe -quiet -v -I D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\..\spi -iprefix d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/ -MD CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.d -MF CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj.d -MT blink/CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj -D __AVR_ATxmega256A3U__ D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\blink.c -mn-flash=6 -mskip-bug -quiet -dumpbase blink.c -auxbase-strip CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj -g -O3 -Wall -Werror -version -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -fpack-struct -fshort-enums -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -o C:\Users\NICOVE~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccyLTv7f.s
GNU C17 (GCC) version 9.2.0 (avr)
compiled by GNU C version 7.3-win32 20180312, GMP version 6.1.0, MPFR version 3.1.4, MPC version 1.0.3, isl version isl-0.18-GMP
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/sys-include"
ignoring duplicate directory "d:/vsavr8/gcc/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "d:/vsavr8/gcc/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "d:/vsavr8/gcc/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/sys-include"
ignoring duplicate directory "d:/vsavr8/gcc/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\..\spi
d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/include
d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/include-fixed
d:\vsavr8\gcc\bin\../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/include
End of search list.
GNU C17 (GCC) version 9.2.0 (avr)
compiled by GNU C version 7.3-win32 20180312, GMP version 6.1.0, MPFR version 3.1.4, MPC version 1.0.3, isl version isl-0.18-GMP
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: cf45033fcb74fa02d7459bd3a612262e
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '__AVR_ATxmega256A3U__' '-I' 'D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\..\spi' '-g' '-O3' '-fdata-sections' '-ffunction-sections' '-fpack-struct' '-fshort-enums' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-funsigned-char' '-funsigned-bitfields' '-c' '-v' '-MD' '-MT' 'blink/CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj' '-MF' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj.d' '-o' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj' '-c' '-specs=device-specs/specs-avr2'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/as.exe -mmcu=avr2 -mgcc-isr -o CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj C:\Users\NICOVE~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccyLTv7f.s
COMPILER_PATH=d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../libexec/gcc/avr/9.2.0/;d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../libexec/gcc/;d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/;d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/;d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-D' '__AVR_ATxmega256A3U__' '-I' 'D:\vsavr8\start_voorbeeld\blink\..\spi' '-g' '-O3' '-fdata-sections' '-ffunction-sections' '-fpack-struct' '-fshort-enums' '-Wall' '-Werror' '-funsigned-char' '-funsigned-bitfields' '-c' '-v' '-MD' '-MT' 'blink/CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj' '-MF' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj.d' '-o' 'CMakeFiles\blink.elf.dir\blink.c.obj' '-c' '-specs=device-specs/specs-avr2'
[ 66%] Linking C executable blink.elf
Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used
text: 24 B 8 KB 0.29%
data: 0 GB 65440 B 0.00%
eeprom: 0 GB 64 KB 0.00%
fuse: 0 GB 1 KB 0.00%
lock: 0 GB 1 KB 0.00%
signature: 0 GB 1 KB 0.00%
user_signatures: 0 GB 1 KB 0.00%
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.text.spi_init' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.text.spi_transfer' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.text.spi_write' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.text.spi_read' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_DBLCLK_MASK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_SPEED_MASK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_MODE_MASK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_MASTER_MASK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_LSBFIRST_MASK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_SCK' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_MISO' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.rodata.__SPI_MOSI' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_info' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_abbrev' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_loc' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_aranges' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_ranges' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_line' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_str' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.comment' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_frame' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/__/spi/spi.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.text.startup.main' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_info' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_abbrev' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_loc' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_aranges' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_ranges' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_line' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_str' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.comment' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
d:/vsavr8/gcc/bin/../lib/gcc/avr/9.2.0/../../../../avr/bin/ld.exe: removing unused section '.debug_frame' in file 'CMakeFiles/blink.elf.dir/blink.c.obj'
[100%] Built target blink.elf
Build finished
最后但并非最不重要的是我的示例代码：
眨眼.c
/**
* @file blink.c
* @author your name ([email protected])
* @brief
* @version 0.1
* @date 2023-03-29
*
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2023
*
*/
#define F_CPU 2000000UL
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <util/delay.h>
#include <spi.h>
/**
* @brief
* @return int
*/
int main() {
spi_init();
uint8_t x = 0;;
spi_write(x);
PORTC.DIRSET = PIN0_bm; // bit 0 port C is set, it is an output
while (1) {
PORTC.OUTSET = PIN0_bm; // bit 0 port C is high, led is on
_delay_ms (500);
PORTC.OUTCLR = PIN0_bm; // bit 0 port C is low, led is off
_delay_ms (950);
}
}
spi.h 和 spi.c 在与 blink 平行的目录中（称为 spi）
spi.h
#ifndef __SPI_H
#define __SPI_H
#include <inttypes.h>
#define SPI_SS_bm 0x10
#define SPI_MOSI_bm 0x20
#define SPI_MISO_bm 0x40
#define SPI_SCK_bm 0x80
#define FOO 0x00
// prototypes
void spi_init(void); // init spi
uint8_t spi_transfer(uint8_t data); // transfer data to slave
void spi_write(uint8_t data); // write (register?)
uint8_t spi_read(void); // read spi slave
#endif
spi.c
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <spi_pins.h>
#include <spi.h>
// SPI on port D
#define __SPI_PORT PORTD
#define __SPI_DDR POR
const uint8_t __SPI_MOSI = 5;
const uint8_t __SPI_MISO = 6;
const uint8_t __SPI_SCK = 7;
const uint8_t __SPI_LSBFIRST_MASK = 0x01;
const uint8_t __SPI_MASTER_MASK = 0x01;
const uint8_t __SPI_MODE_MASK = 0x03;
const uint8_t __SPI_SPEED_MASK = 0x03;
const uint8_t __SPI_DBLCLK_MASK = 0x01;
//initialize the SPI bus
// uint8_t lsbfirst - if 0: most significant bit is transmitted first
// uint8_t master - if 1: use master mode, if 0: slave mode is used
// uint8_t mode - sets the transfer mode:
// mode leading clock edge trailing clock edge
// -----------------------------------------------
// 0 sample (rising) setup (falling)
// 1 setup (rising) sample (falling)
// 2 sample (falling) setup (rising)
// 3 setup (falling) sample (rising)
// uint8_t clkrate - spi bus clock rate, valid speeds are 0-3
// rate speed
// ------------
// 0 CPUCLK/4
// 1 CPUCLK/16
// 2 CPUCLK/64
// 3 CPUCLK/128
// uint8_t dblclk - if 1: doubles the SPI clock rate in master mode
// EXAMPLE: spi_init(0, 1, 0, 3, 0)
void spi_init(void ) {
// set IO ports
PORTD.DIRSET = 1 << TFT_SCK | 1 << TFT_MOSI | 1 << TFT_CS;
PORTD.DIRCLR = 1 << TFT_MISO;
// deselect CS
PORTD.OUTSET = 1 << TFT_CS;
SPID.CTRL = SPI_ENABLE_bm | // enable SPI
SPI_MASTER_bm | // Act as MAster
SPI_CLK2X_bm | // double clock speed
SPI_DORD_bm | // MSB first
SPI_MODE_0_gc | // SPI mode 0
SPI_PRESCALER_DIV4_gc; // prescaling 4
}
/**
* Transfer data over SPI
* @param data
* @return
*/
uint8_t spi_transfer(uint8_t data) {
SPID.DATA = data; // fill SPI data register
while (!(SPID.STATUS & (SPI_IF_bm))); // wait until transferred
return SPIC.DATA; // return sent data
}
/**
* write data but do chip select first and deselect when sent
* @param data
*/
void spi_write(uint8_t data) {
PORTD.OUTCLR = 1 << TFT_CS;
spi_transfer(data);
PORTD.OUTSET = 1 << TFT_CS;
}
uint8_t spi_read(void){
uint8_t data;
PORTD.OUTCLR = 1 << TFT_CS;
data = spi_transfer(FOO);
PORTD.OUTSET = 1 << TFT_CS;
return data;
}
这个概念似乎工作得很好，允许学生为每个主题创建目录，然后为每个作业创建子目录。通过使用附加库制作通用 cmake，他们可以专注于实际编程，而不会被环境的复杂性所打扰。 我们谈论的是一些学生，他们中的一些人刚刚开始学习编程，这是他们人生中的第一次。
所有帮助将不胜感激 问候 妮可
更正文件 从@Tsyvarev 输入后，文件现在如下：
CMakeLists.txt
#
# @file CMakeLists.txt
# @brief Generic CMakeFile for ATXMega in VSCode and CLion
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 6-4-3-2023
#
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
set(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Generic)
SET(CMAKE_SYSTEM_VERSION 1)
# get our avr toolchain lo ation
include(file_locations.cmake)
# CPU to build for
set(TARGET_CPU ATxmega256A3U)
# our compilers
set (CMAKE_C_COMPILER ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-gcc.exe )
set (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-g++.exe )
set (AVR_SIZE ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-size.exe )
set (AVR_OBJCOPY ${COMPILE_PATH}avr-objcopy.exe )
#check if we can find the compilers
include(CMakeVerifyCompiler.cmake)
# ser our compiler and link options
add_compile_definitions("__AVR_${TARGET_CPU}__")
add_compile_options("-Os")
add_compile_options(-fdata-sections)
add_compile_options(-ffunction-sections)
add_compile_options("-fpack-struct")
add_compile_options("-fshort-enums")
add_compile_options("-Wall")
add_compile_options("-Werror")
add_compile_options("-funsigned-char")
add_compile_options("-funsigned-bitfields")
add_compile_options("-mmcu=${TARGET_CPU}")
add_compile_options("-c")
add_link_options(-Wl,--gc-sections)
add_link_options(-mmcu=${TARGET_CPU})
# create our root project name
get_filename_component(ProjectId ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} NAME)
string(REPLACE " " "_" ProjectId ${ProjectId})
# this line is needed almost at the end of this CMakeLists.txt
project(start_voorbeeld CXX C NONE)
# add our sub projects
add_subdirectory(example_assignment)
add_subdirectory(blink)
add_subdirectory(ucg_test)
generic.cmake
#
# @file generic.cmake
# @brief Generic CMakeFile for ATXMega in VSCode and CLion
# Needs to be imported into the root of the individual
# sub projects
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 6-4-2023
#
# give the project the root folder name
cmake_path(GET CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR FILENAME PROJECT_NAME)
string(REPLACE " " "_" ProjectId ${PROJECT_NAME})
project(${PROJECT_NAME} C CXX NONE)
# additional optional libraries
# these are switched ON in the CMakeLists.txt of a subdirectory
if(USE_SPILIB)
set (SPILIB "../spi/")
include_directories(${SPILIB})
endif()
if(USE_UCGLIB)
set (UCGLIB "../ucglib/csrc/")
set (UCG_CALLBACK "../ucglib/callback/")
include_directories(${UCGLIB})
include_directories(${UCG_CALLBACK})
endif()
add_link_options("-Wl,--Map=${PROJECT_NAME}.map")
# if you want to program in C++ or assembly that option is also added
# just the standard folders in the root
set(PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR RECURSE "*.c" "*.h" "*.cpp" "*.hpp" "*.s" )
# add additional library source folders. Keep in mind that it does not look in lower
# directories
if (USE_SPILIB)
list( APPEND PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR "${SPILIB}*.c" "${SPILIB}*.h")
endif()
if (USE_UCGLIB)
list( APPEND PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR "${UCGLIB}*.c" "${UCGLIB}*.h" "${UCG_CALLBACK}*.c" "${UCG_CALLBACK}*.h")
endif()
# get all the sources. including thous from sub directories
file(GLOB_RECURSE PROJECT_SRC CONFIGURE_DEPENDS ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})
# Set to 1 in local CmakeLists.txt and will generate lots of output
if (VERBOSE)
# print the memory used in the elf file. A bit useless as it contains
# lots of info not flashed to the chip
add_link_options(-Wl,--print-memory-usage)
# outputs all the parts of .data and .text (mostly defined as .rodata)
# that are remove due to --gc-sections option
add_link_options(-Wl,--print-gc-sections)
# show in detail every compile step
add_compile_options("-v")
# set verbose on during flash
set(FLASH_VERBOSE_FLAG "-v")
endif()
# create our elf file
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
${PROJECT_SRC}
)
# Clean up unused and info code y removing DEBUG info etc
add_custom_command(
TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
POST_BUILD
COMMAND ${AVR_OBJCOPY} --strip-all ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
# and show the size of our program. Change the -A to -B to get a one line size format
# has no impact on execution
COMMAND ${AVR_SIZE} -A ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
)
add_custom_target(${PROJECT_NAME}_FLASH
${AVR_DUDE_EXECUTABLE} -p x256a3u -P usb -c avrispmkII -b115200 ${FLASH_VERBOSE_FLAG} -U flash:w:${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf:a
DEPENDS ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${PROJECT_NAME}.elf
)
本地 CMakeLists.txt
#
# @file CMakeLists.txt
# @brief root CMakeList.txt for sub projects
# @author Nico Verduin
# @date 29-3-2023
#
# set optional used libraries
set (USE_SPILIB 1)
set (USE_UCGLIB 1)
# If you want to see lots of verbose output from the compilers set VERBOSE to 1
set (VERBOSE)
# do not change this line
include(../generic.cmake)