函数Get-IniContent无法识别 - PowerShell中的INI文件支持

Question

我想编辑INI文件的值。我使用这个脚本，但它给了我错误。

Get-IniContent : The term 'Get-IniContent' is not recognized as the name of a 
cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program.

我在c:\Users\file.ini的INI文件的内容：

[XXX]
AB=23
BC=34

用于读取和更新脚本的脚本内容：

# Read the content of an *.ini file into a (nested) hashtable.
$ini = Get-IniContent "C:\Users\file.ini"

# Update the 'AB' entry in section [XXX] in-memory.
$ini["XXX"]["AB"] = "12"  

# Write the updated content back to the *.ini file.
$ini | Out-IniFile -FilePath "C:\Users\file.ini -Force"

Answer 1

JeroenMostert在评论中提供了关键指针：

PowerShell，从v6.2.0开始，没有用于处理INI文件（*.ini）的内置cmdlet，尽管引入了这样的cmdlet is being discussed on GitHub。

Get-IniContent和Out-IniFile是third-party PSIni module，available from the PowerShell Gallery附带的高级函数（类似cmdlet的函数）。

在PowerShellGet模块[1]附带的PowerShell v5或更高版本中，安装非常简单：

Install-Module -Scope CurrentUser PsIni

如果省略-Scope CurrentUser，则将为所有用户安装该模块，但这样做需要以管理权限运行。

在$PSModuleAutoLoadingPreference处于默认状态（未设置）时，该模块会根据需要自动加载到试图调用模块命令之一的会话中，例如Get-IniContent。

这是一个完整的，自包含的示例，它演示了PsIni模块的核心功能：

• 按需安装模块
• 使用*.ini从嵌套的有序散列表中创建一个示例Out-IniFile文件。
• 使用Get-IniContent将文件从磁盘读入（新）嵌套有序哈希表
• 修改和删除条目
• 使用Out-IniFile将修改后的哈希表写回文件

注意：假设是Install-Module可用，即安装了PowerShellGet模块，并且正在运行的机器在线并且允许从https://www.powershellgallery.com/下载包。

# Import the PsIni module.
# If necessary, install it first, for the current user.
$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' # Abort, if something unexpectedly goes wrong.
try {
  Import-Module PsIni
} catch {
  Install-Module -Scope CurrentUser PsIni
  Import-Module PsIni
}

# Create an ordered hashtable that is the in-memory representation of the
# sample *.ini file from the question, with a second section added.
$iniFileContent = [ordered] @{
  # 'XXX' is the section name.
  # The nested hashtable contains that section's entries.
  XXX = [ordered] @{  
    # IMPORTANT: 
    #  * The PsIni module only supports STRING values.
    #  * While you can assign values of different types in-memory, they are
    #    CONVERTED TO STRINGS with .ToString() and READ AS STRINGS later
    #    by Get-IniContent.
    #  * In v3+, PSIni now supports values in *.ini files that have 
    #    embedded quoting - e.g., `AB = "23"` as a raw line - which is
    #    (sensibly) *stripped* on reading the values.
    AB = '23'
    BC = '34'
  }
  # Create a 2nd section, named 'YYY', with entries 'yin' and 'yang'
  YYY = [ordered] @{
    yin = 'foo'
    yang = 'none'
  }
}

# Use Out-IniFile to create file 'file.ini' in the current dir.
# * Default encoding is UTF-8 (with BOM in Windows PowerShell, without BOM
#   in PowerShell Core)
# * Use -Encoding to override, but note that
#   Get-IniContent has no matching -Encoding parameter, so the encoding you use
#   must be detectable by PowerShell in the absence of explicit information.
# * CAVEAT: -Force is only needed if an existing file must be overwritten.
#           I'm using it here so you can run the sample code repeatedly without
#           failure, but in general you should only use it if you want to
#           blindly replace an existing file - such as after having modified
#           the in-memory representation of an *.ini file and wanting to
#           write the modifications back to disk - see below.
$iniFileContent | Out-IniFile -Force file.ini

# Read the file back into a (new) ordered hashtable 
$iniFileContent = Get-IniContent file.ini

# Modify the value of the [XXX] section's 'AB' entry.
$iniFileContent.XXX.AB = '12'

# Use the alternative *indexing syntax* (which is equivalent in most cases)
# to also modify the [YYY] section's 'yin' entry.
$iniFileContent['YYY']['yin'] = 'bar'

# Rmove the 'yang' value from section [YYY]:
$iniFileContent.YYY.Remove('yang')

# Save the modified content back to the original file.
# Note that -Force is now *required* to signal the explicit intent to
# replace the existing file.
$iniFileContent | Out-IniFile -Force file.ini

# Double-check that modifying the values succeeded.
(Get-IniContent file.ini).XXX.AB # should output '12'
(Get-IniContent file.ini).YYY.yin # should output 'bar'

# Print the updated content of the INI file, which
# shows the updated values and the removal of 'yang' from [YYY].
"--- Contents of file.ini:"
Get-Content file.ini

运行上面的操作应该会成功并输出以下信息，证明*.ini文件已成功创建，读回内存，修改并保存回磁盘：

12
bar
--- Contents of file.ini:
[XXX]
AB=12
BC=34
[YYY]
yin=bar

---

[1]您可以根据需要为PowerShell版本3和4安装PowerShellGet - 请参阅https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=51451