Docker：未找到框架和运行时 (.NET 8)

Question

我正在构建一个连接到 RabbitMQ 服务器和 Sql 数据库的后台服务（.NET 8）。 RabbitMQ 服务器和 Sql 数据库都托管在 docker 上。 当我在 Visual Studio 2022 上以调试模式运行应用程序时，应用程序运行得很好。 当我发布该应用程序并将其注册为我使用 Windows 11 的计算机上的服务时，它也运行得很好。 我编写了一个 Dockerfile 来容器化应用程序。构建镜像和容器后，容器无法启动。 这里有更多详细信息。

解决方案文件夹结构：

项目文件：

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Worker">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
    <UserSecretsId>dotnet-LogRecord_Service-2087123f-9942-4cc7-aa76-8c572656e691</UserSecretsId>
    <DockerDefaultTargetOS>Linux</DockerDefaultTargetOS>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting" Version="8.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.WindowsServices" Version="8.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets" Version="1.19.6" />
    <PackageReference Include="NLog" Version="5.2.8" />
    <PackageReference Include="NLog.Extensions.Logging" Version="5.3.8" />
    <PackageReference Include="NLog.Web.AspNetCore" Version="5.3.8" />
    <PackageReference Include="Quartz" Version="3.8.1" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\Database_Logic_Layer\Database_Logic_Layer.csproj" />
    <ProjectReference Include="..\Geotab_Logic_Layer\Geotab_Logic_Layer.csproj" />
    <ProjectReference Include="..\QueueManagement\QueueManagement.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

Docker 文件：

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0 AS build
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["LogRecord_Service/LogRecord_Service.csproj", "LogRecord_Service/"]
COPY ["Database_Logic_Layer/Database_Logic_Layer.csproj", "Database_Logic_Layer/"]
COPY ["DataAccess/DataAccess.csproj", "DataAccess/"]
COPY ["Helpers/Helpers.csproj", "Helpers/"]
COPY ["Geotab_Logic_Layer/Geotab_Logic_Layer.csproj", "Geotab_Logic_Layer/"]
COPY ["QueueManagement/QueueManagement.csproj", "QueueManagement/"]
RUN dotnet restore "./LogRecord_Service/LogRecord_Service.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/LogRecord_Service"
RUN dotnet build "./LogRecord_Service.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
ARG BUILD_CONFIGURATION=Release
RUN dotnet publish "./LogRecord_Service.csproj" -c $BUILD_CONFIGURATION -o /app/publish /p:UseAppHost=false

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:8.0 AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "LogRecord_Service.dll"]

图像构建日志：

docker build -t log_record_producer_image .
[+] Building 1.2s (22/22) FINISHED                                                                                                                                                     docker:default
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                                             0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 1.31kB                                                                                                                                                           0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:8.0                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0                                                                                                                                0.4s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                                                0.0s
 => => transferring context: 464B                                                                                                                                                                0.0s
 => [build  1/12] FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:8.0@sha256:9bb0d97c4361cc844f225c144ac2adb2b65fabfef21f95caedcf215d844238fe                                                                  0.0s
 => CACHED [final 1/3] FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:8.0                                                                                                                                 0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                                                                                                0.1s
 => => transferring context: 6.22kB                                                                                                                                                              0.0s
 => [final 2/3] WORKDIR /app                                                                                                                                                                     0.1s
 => CACHED [build  2/12] WORKDIR /src                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => CACHED [build  3/12] COPY [LogRecord_Service/LogRecord_Service.csproj, LogRecord_Service/]                                                                                                   0.0s
 => CACHED [build  4/12] COPY [Database_Logic_Layer/Database_Logic_Layer.csproj, Database_Logic_Layer/]                                                                                          0.0s
 => CACHED [build  5/12] COPY [DataAccess/DataAccess.csproj, DataAccess/]                                                                                                                        0.0s
 => CACHED [build  6/12] COPY [Helpers/Helpers.csproj, Helpers/]                                                                                                                                 0.0s
 => CACHED [build  7/12] COPY [Geotab_Logic_Layer/Geotab_Logic_Layer.csproj, Geotab_Logic_Layer/]                                                                                                0.0s
 => CACHED [build  8/12] COPY [QueueManagement/QueueManagement.csproj, QueueManagement/]                                                                                                         0.0s
 => CACHED [build  9/12] RUN dotnet restore "./LogRecord_Service/LogRecord_Service.csproj"                                                                                                       0.0s
 => CACHED [build 10/12] COPY . .                                                                                                                                                                0.0s
 => CACHED [build 11/12] WORKDIR /src/LogRecord_Service                                                                                                                                          0.0s
 => CACHED [build 12/12] RUN dotnet build "./LogRecord_Service.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build                                                                                                  0.0s
 => CACHED [publish 1/1] RUN dotnet publish "./LogRecord_Service.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish /p:UseAppHost=false                                                                          0.0s
 => [final 3/3] COPY --from=publish /app/publish .                                                                                                                                               0.5s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                                                                                           0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                                                                                          0.1s
 => => writing image sha256:bc73c757dec2ead70c8db7df5a2e08fe9665e8b0396ab2a141bf590fd449af82                                                                                                     0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/log_record_producer_image                                                                                                                                     0.0s

View build details: docker-desktop://dashboard/build/default/default/r14olesvrbxevmit01mirf4ev

What's Next?
  View a summary of image vulnerabilities and recommendations → docker scout quickview

创建并尝试启动容器后的容器日志：

我不确定问题是什么。 我使用类似的文件来创建并启动控制台应用程序（也是.Net 8）的容器，并且它运行得非常好。 请帮忙解决这个问题。

• 我向 ChatGPT 询问了这个问题，它不断重新组合相同的信息。它说我的 Dockerfile 不正确，我应该更改它。它给我的建议 Dockerfile 与我拥有的相同。
• 我也在Github上检查了类似的问题，建议的解决方案并不能解决我当前的问题。

Answer 1

您的应用程序正在寻找未包含在

runtime

图像中的 ASP.NET 框架。您需要使用

aspnet

图像作为基础图像。

改变

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/runtime:8.0 AS final

到

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:8.0 AS final

它应该可以工作。