如何使用CLion和MSVC编译器工具链无错误地编译一个wxWidgets Hello World应用程序？

问题描述 投票：0回答：2

我正试图使用 CLion 和 MSVC（Visual Studio 2017 社区版）编译器工具链编译一个基本的 wxWidgets（wxWidgets 版本 3.1.3）Hello World 应用程序。

使用预编译的二进制文件，可在 https:/www.wxwidgets.orgdownloads. 参见最新开发版本下的第一个下载Windows二进制文件按钮。3.1.3. 我使用的是64位版本的二进制文件。

按照说明在 https:/www.wxwidgets.orgblog201208how-to-use-294-wxmsw-binaries 关于如何使用二进制文件。

遵循以下说明 https:/www.jetbrains.comhelpclionquick-tutorial-on-configuring-clion-on-windows.html#MSVC 关于如何设置CLion 20.04以使用MSVC编译器。架构设置为 amd64，没有平台。

你好世界代码，注释是什么 wxIMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp) 宏最终扩展到。

#include <iostream>
#include <wx/wxprec.h>

#ifndef WX_PRECOMP
#include <wx/wx.h>
#endif

class MyApp : public wxApp {
public:
    virtual bool OnInit();
};

class MyFrame : public wxFrame {
public:
    MyFrame(const wxString &title, const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size);

private:
    void OnHello(wxCommandEvent &event);
    void OnExit(wxCommandEvent &event);
    void OnAbout(wxCommandEvent &event);

wxDECLARE_EVENT_TABLE();
};

enum {
    ID_Hello = 1
};

wxBEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyFrame, wxFrame)
                EVT_MENU(ID_Hello, MyFrame::OnHello)
                EVT_MENU(wxID_EXIT, MyFrame::OnExit)
                EVT_MENU(wxID_ABOUT, MyFrame::OnAbout)
wxEND_EVENT_TABLE()

wxIMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp);
/* This is what the macro expands to:
extern "C" int __stdcall WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, wxCmdLineArgType, int nCmdShow) {
    ;;
    return wxEntry(hInstance, hPrevInstance, 0, nCmdShow);
}
MyApp &wxGetApp() { return *static_cast<MyApp *>(wxApp::GetInstance()); }
wxAppConsole *wxCreateApp() {
    wxAppConsole::CheckBuildOptions(
            "3" "." "1" "." "3" " (" "wchar_t" ",Visual C++ " "1900" ",wx containers" ",compatible with 3.0" ")",
            "your program");
    return new MyApp;
}

wxAppInitializer wxTheAppInitializer((wxAppInitializerFunction) wxCreateApp)
 */

bool MyApp::OnInit() {
    MyFrame *frame = new MyFrame("Hello World", wxPoint(50, 50), wxSize(450, 340));
    frame->Show(true);
    return true;
}

MyFrame::MyFrame(const wxString &title, const wxPoint &pos, const wxSize &size)
        : wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, title, pos, size) {
    wxMenu *menuFile = new wxMenu;
    menuFile->Append(ID_Hello, "&Hello...\tCtrl-H",
                     "Help string shown in status bar for this menu item");
    menuFile->AppendSeparator();
    menuFile->Append(wxID_EXIT);
    wxMenu *menuHelp = new wxMenu;
    menuHelp->Append(wxID_ABOUT);
    wxMenuBar *menuBar = new wxMenuBar;
    menuBar->Append(menuFile, "&File");
    menuBar->Append(menuHelp, "&Help");
    SetMenuBar(menuBar);
    CreateStatusBar();
    SetStatusText("Welcome to wxWidgets!");
}

void MyFrame::OnExit(wxCommandEvent &event) {
    Close(true);
}

void MyFrame::OnAbout(wxCommandEvent &event) {
    wxMessageBox("This is a wxWidgets' Hello world sample",
                 "About Hello World", wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION);
}

void MyFrame::OnHello(wxCommandEvent &event) {
    wxLogMessage("Hello world from wxWidgets!");
}

cmakelists.txt内容。

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(MyApp)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
set(SRC_FILES
    main.cpp
    )

add_definitions(-DWXUSINGDLL=1)
add_definitions(-DwxMSVC_VERSION_AUTO=1)
add_definitions(-DwxMSVC_VERSION_ABI_COMPAT=1)
add_definitions(-DUNICODE=1)
add_definitions(-D_UNICODE=1)

include_directories(
    includes
    E:/cpp/lib/wxWin
    E:/cpp/lib/wxWin/include
    E:/cpp/lib/wxWin/include/msvc
    E:/cpp/Lib/wxWin/lib/vc14x_x64_dll
    E:/cpp/Lib/wxWin/lib/vc14x_x64_dll/mswud
)
link_directories(
    E:/cpp/Lib/wxWin/lib/vc14x_x64_dll
)

add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SRC_FILES})

当我试图编译这个时，我得到了一个错误信息：

E:\cpp\lib\wxWin\include\wx/app.h(900): error C2144: syntax error: 'wxAppInitializer' should be preceded by ';'
E:\cpp\lib\wxWin\include\wx/app.h(900): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\Hostx64\x64\cl.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.

这一行是来自 app.h:

__unused extern wxAppInitializer wxTheAppInitializer;

我不敢改变 app.h 因为它是wxWidgets的一部分。不过，作为一个实验，我把 __unused 并得到了这些错误。

LINK Pass 1: command "C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo @CMakeFiles\Manager.dir\objects1.rsp /out:Manager.exe /implib:Manager.lib /pdb:E:\cpp\dev\Manager\cmake-build-debug-msvc15\Manager.pdb /version:0.0 /machine:x64 /debug /INCREMENTAL /subsystem:console -LIBPATH:E:\cpp\Lib\wxWin\lib\vc14x_x64_dll kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib /MANIFEST /MANIFESTFILE:CMakeFiles\Manager.dir/intermediate.manifest CMakeFiles\Manager.dir/manifest.res" failed (exit code 1120) with the following output:
MSVCRTD.lib(exe_main.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol main referenced in function "int __cdecl invoke_main(void)" (?invoke_main@@YAHXZ)
Manager.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: 'C:\Apps\32\JetBrains\apps\CLion\ch-0\201.7223.86\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe' : return code '0xffffffff'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.

我该如何消除这个问题？

EDIT #1

我把车头换成 wxWidgets-3.1.3.7z 下载的存档，得到了这些新的错误。

LINK Pass 1: command "C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\Hostx64\x64\link.exe /nologo @CMakeFiles\HelloWorld.dir\objects1.rsp /out:HelloWorld.exe /implib:HelloWorld.lib /pdb:E:\cpp\dev\Manager\cmake-build-debug-msvc15\HelloWorld.pdb /version:0.0 /machine:x64 /debug /INCREMENTAL /subsystem:console -LIBPATH:E:\cpp\Lib\wxWin\lib\vc14x_x64_dll kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib /MANIFEST /MANIFESTFILE:CMakeFiles\HelloWorld.dir/intermediate.manifest CMakeFiles\HelloWorld.dir/manifest.res" failed (exit code 1120) with the following output:
MSVCRTD.lib(exe_main.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol main referenced in function "int __cdecl invoke_main(void)" (?invoke_main@@YAHXZ)
HelloWorld.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: 'C:\Apps\32\JetBrains\apps\CLion\ch-0\201.7223.86\bin\cmake\win\bin\cmake.exe' : return code '0xffffffff'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Apps\32\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.14.26428\bin\HostX64\x64\nmake.exe"' : return code '0x2'
Stop.
c++ visual-studio cmake wxwidgets clion
2个回答
0
投票

你使用的是修改过的wxWidgets版本，官方版本没有任何的 __unused 在...之前 wxTheAppInitializer 声明。我不知道它是怎么来的，但你需要删除它，或者，为了完全确定，删除你所有的本地头文件，并用实际的头文件替换。wxWidgets-3.1.3-headers.7z 您下载的文件。

0
投票

问题解决了!

附加到 cmakelists.txt 文件。

set_target_properties(${PROJECT_NAME} PROPERTIES
    LINK_FLAGS /SUBSYSTEM:WINDOWS
    )

现在构建和运行时出现以下错误。- 在CLion的运行窗口中报告：

Process finished with exit code -1073741515 (0xC0000135)
  • 当程序从终端(cmd)运行时： 系统错误信息报告：
The code execution cannot proceed because
wxmsw313ud_core_vc14x_x64.dll was not found. Reinstalling the
program may fix this problem.

和

The code execution cannot proceed because
wxbase313ud_vc14x_x64.dll was not found. Reinstalling the
program may fix this problem.

将这些文件放在与 HelloWorld.exe 的问题就解决了。如上文编辑#1所示，将标题替换为 wxWidgets-3.1.3.7z 下载的档案也是必须的。

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