如何从 http 请求获取 HTTP 状态代码

Question

我有以下代码，作为 POST 请求按预期工作（给出正确的 URL 等）。我似乎在读取状态代码时遇到问题（我收到成功的 201，并且根据该数字我需要继续处理）。知道如何获取状态代码吗？

static async Task CreateConsentAsync(Uri HTTPaddress, ConsentHeaders cconsentHeaders, ConsentBody cconsent)
{
    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
    
    try
    {
        client.BaseAddress = HTTPaddress;
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("*/*"));
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Connection", "keep-alive");
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
            
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("otherHeader", myValue);
        //etc. more headers added, as needed...
    
        HttpRequestMessage request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Post, client.BaseAddress);
    
        request.Content = new StringContent(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cconsent, Formatting.Indented), System.Text.Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
    
        Console.WriteLine("\r\n" + "POST Request:\r\n" + client.DefaultRequestHeaders + "\r\nBody:\r\n" + JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cconsent, Formatting.Indented) + "\r\n");
                
        await client.SendAsync(request).ContinueWith
        (
            responseTask => 
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Response: {0}", responseTask.Result + "\r\nBody:\r\n" + responseTask.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result);
            }
        );
            
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Error in " + e.TargetSite + "\r\n" + e.Message);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

Answer 1

您的结果中有一个状态代码。

responseTask.Result.StatusCode

甚至更好

    var response = await client.SendAsync(request);
    var statusCode = response.StatusCode;

Answer 2

• 如果您已经在

  ContinueWith

  函数中，它有助于避免使用

  async

  ，因为您可以使用（更干净的）

  await

  关键字。

• 如果您

  await

  SendAsync

  调用，您将获得一个

  HttpResponseMessage

  对象，您可以从以下位置获取状态代码：

• 此外，将

  IDisposable

  对象包装在

  using()

  块中（

  HttpClient

  除外 - 应该是

  static

  单例或更好，使用

  IHttpClientFactory

  ）。

• 不要将

  HttpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders

  用于特定于请求的标头，而是使用

  HttpRequestMessage.Headers

  。

• Connection: Keep-alive

  标头将由

  HttpClientHandler

  自动为您发送。
• 您确定需要在请求中发送

  Cache-control: no-cache

  吗？如果您使用 HTTPS，那么几乎可以保证不会有任何代理缓存导致任何问题 - 并且

  HttpClient

  也不使用 Windows Internet 缓存。
• 不要使用

  Encoding.UTF8

  ，因为它添加了前导字节顺序标记。请改用私有

  UTF8Encoding

  实例。
• 对于不在线程敏感上下文中运行的代码（例如 WinForms 和 WPF），请始终将

  .ConfigureAwait(false)

  与每个

  await

  一起使用。

private static readonly HttpClient _httpClient = new HttpClient();
private static readonly UTF8Encoding _utf8 = new UTF8Encoding( encoderShouldEmitUTF8Identifier: false, throwOnInvalidBytes: true );

static async Task CreateConsentAsync( Uri uri, ConsentHeaders cconsentHeaders, ConsentBody cconsent )
{
    using( HttpRequestMessage req = new HttpRequestMessage( HttpMethod.Post, uri ) )
    {
        req.Headers.Accept.Add( new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("*/*") );
        req.Headers.Add("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        req.Headers.Add("otherHeader", myValue);
        //etc. more headers added, as needed...

        String jsonObject = JsonConvert.SerializeObject( cconsent, Formatting.Indented );
        request.Content = new StringContent( jsonObject, _utf8, "application/json");

        using( HttpResponseMessage response = await _httpClient.SendAsync( request ).ConfigureAwait(false) )
        {
            Int32 responseHttpStatusCode = (Int32)response.StatusCode;
            Console.WriteLine( "Got response: HTTP status: {0} ({1})", response.StatusCode, responseHttpStatusCode );
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

您可以简单地检查响应的 StatusCode 属性：

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/visualstudio/hh159080(v=vs.118)?redirectedfrom=MSDN

static async void dotest(string url)
{
    using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
    {
        HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);

        if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(response.StatusCode.ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            // problems handling here
            Console.WriteLine(
                "Error occurred, the status code is: {0}", 
                response.StatusCode
            );
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

@AthanasiosKataras 对于返回状态代码本身是正确的，但如果您还想返回状态代码值（即 200、404）。您可以执行以下操作：

var response = await client.SendAsync(request);
int statusCode = (int)response.StatusCode

上面将为您提供 int 200。

编辑：

您是否有理由不能执行以下操作？

using (HttpResponseMessage response = await client.SendAsync(request))
{
    // code
    int code = (int)response.StatusCode;
}

Answer 5

发生在我身上的是我忘记将

as

语句更改为正确的类型。例如：

//controller side - sending 202
return StatusCode((int)HttpStatusCode.Accepted, new GenericResultResponse<string>()
{
    Data,
    Message,
    Success = true
});

// test side - trying to convert to OkObjectResult
 var response = await _controller.myAction(It.IsAny<Request>()) as OkObjectResult;

更正测试

// test side
 var response = await _controller.myAction(It.IsAny<Request>()) as ObjectResult;