字段名称“email”对模型“customer”无效。在多用户身份验证 Django Rest Framework

Question

我正在尝试在 Django 中创建一个多用户身份验证系统，并使用 onetoone 字段和布尔值来创建配置文件。但是在创建序列化器时它会抛出错误“字段名称

email

对模型

customer

无效。” 有人可以澄清我在这里做错了什么吗？

模型.py:

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User,AbstractBaseUser,BaseUserManager

# Create your models here.
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_user(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        if not email:
            raise ValueError("The email must be set")
        if not password:
            raise ValueError("The password must be set")
        email = self.normalize_email(email)

        user = self.model(email=email, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save()
        return user


class user(AbstractBaseUser):
    is_customer = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_restaurant = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100,unique=True)

    USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'

    objects = UserManager

class customer(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(user,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    firstname = models.CharField(max_length=80)
    lastname = models.CharField(max_length=80)

class restaurant(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(user,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    rest_name = models.CharField(max_length=80)

serializers.py:-

from rest_framework import serializers
from .models import *

class userserializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = user
        fields = '__all__'

class cust_serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = customer
        user = userserializer(read_only=False)
        email = serializers.StringRelatedField(read_only=False,source = 'user.email')
        password = serializers.StringRelatedField(source = 'user.password')
        fields =   [
            'id',
            'email',
            'password',
            'firstname',
            'lastname',
        ]
    
    def create(self,validated_data):
        user1 = user.objects.create(self,email=validated_data['email'],password=validated_data['password'])
        user1.is_customer = True
        user1.save()

        instance = customer.objects.create(user=user1,firstname = validated_data['firstname'],lastname = ['lastname'])
        return user1


class rest_serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = customer
        fields = [
            'id',
           # 'email',
            #'password',
            'rest_name',
        ]

    def create(self,validated_data):
        user = super().save()
        user.is_restaurant = True
        user.save()
        instance = customer.objects.create(user=user,rest_name=validated_data['rest_name'])
        return instance

views.py:-

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import customer,restaurant,user
from .serializers import cust_serializer,rest_serializer
from rest_framework import generics 
from rest_framework.response import Response

# Create your views here.

class createcustomer(generics.CreateAPIView):
    serializer_class = cust_serializer
    queryset = user.objects.filter(is_customer = True).values()
    
    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        cust = cust_serializer(data=request.data)
        if cust.is_valid(raise_exception=True):
            cust.save()
            return Response(cust.data)

尝试了不同的方法，如上面所示的 stringrelatedfield 但没有进展。 使用

fields = ('__all__')

我将用户作为帖子请求中的字段之一

Answer 1

问题是您正在尝试访问

email

中

user

模型的

cust_serializer

字段，而您的

customer

模型中未定义该字段。相反，您应该为

user

模型定义一个序列化程序，并将其作为嵌套序列化程序包含在您的

cust_serializer

中。这是一个如何修改序列化程序的示例：

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = user
        fields = ['id', 'email', 'password']
        extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}

class CustSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = UserSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = customer
        fields = ['id', 'user', 'firstname', 'lastname']

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data = validated_data.pop('user')
        user1 = user.objects.create_user(**user_data)
        user1.is_customer = True
        user1.save()
        instance = customer.objects.create(user=user1, **validated_data)
        return instance

在这个例子中，我们为

UserSerializer

模型定义了一个单独的

user

，并将其作为嵌套序列化程序包含在

CustSerializer

中。我们还修改了

create

方法来处理

user

和

customer

实例的创建。

您可以类似地修改您的

RestSerializer

以包含嵌套的

UserSerializer

。