我有多个 Tkinter 列表框，我使用单个滚动条将它们一起滚动，但我还希望它们一起滚动以在任何列表框上进行鼠标滚轮活动。
如何做到这一点？
我当前的代码基于此处讨论的最后一个模式：http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/listbox.htm仅使用滚动条时效果很好，但使用鼠标滚轮时列表框独立滚动。
我知道这已经很老了，但我认为解决方案比这里提供的解决方案更简单。假设您始终希望列表框保持一致，那么上述两个答案甚至都不是完整的解决方案 - 通过箭头键更改选择将滚动一个列表框，但不会滚动另一个列表框。
所以，看着答案，我问 - 为什么他们不挂钩 yscrollcommand 回调，而不是直接将其发送到滚动条？所以，我就是这么做的：
try:
from Tkinter import *
except ImportError:
from tkinter import *
class MultipleScrollingListbox(Tk):
def __init__(self):
Tk.__init__(self)
self.title('Scrolling Multiple Listboxes')
#the shared scrollbar
self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical')
#note that yscrollcommand is set to a custom method for each listbox
self.list1 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll1)
self.list1.pack(fill='y', side='left')
self.list2 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll2)
self.list2.pack(expand=1, fill='both', side='left')
self.scrollbar.config(command=self.yview)
self.scrollbar.pack(side='right', fill='y')
#fill the listboxes with stuff
for x in xrange(30):
self.list1.insert('end', x)
self.list2.insert('end', x)
#I'm sure there's probably a slightly cleaner way to do it than this
#Nevertheless - whenever one listbox updates its vertical position,
#the method checks to make sure that the other one gets updated as well.
#Without the check, I *think* it might recurse infinitely.
#Never tested, though.
def yscroll1(self, *args):
if self.list2.yview() != self.list1.yview():
self.list2.yview_moveto(args[0])
self.scrollbar.set(*args)
def yscroll2(self, *args):
if self.list1.yview() != self.list2.yview():
self.list1.yview_moveto(args[0])
self.scrollbar.set(*args)
def yview(self, *args):
self.list1.yview(*args)
self.list2.yview(*args)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = MultipleScrollingListbox()
root.mainloop()
解决问题的方式与将两个小部件连接到单个滚动条的方式几乎相同：为鼠标滚轮创建自定义绑定，并使这些绑定影响两个列表框，而不仅仅是一个。
唯一真正的技巧是知道根据平台不同，您会获得不同的鼠标滚轮事件：Windows 和 Mac 获得
<MouseWheel><Button-4><Button-5>这是一个示例，在我的 Mac 上使用 python 2.5 进行了测试：
import Tkinter as tk
class App:
def __init__(self):
self.root=tk.Tk()
self.vsb = tk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical", command=self.OnVsb)
self.lb1 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.lb2 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.vsb.pack(side="right",fill="y")
self.lb1.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
self.lb2.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
self.lb1.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
self.lb2.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
for i in range(100):
self.lb1.insert("end","item %s" % i)
self.lb2.insert("end","item %s" % i)
self.root.mainloop()
def OnVsb(self, *args):
self.lb1.yview(*args)
self.lb2.yview(*args)
def OnMouseWheel(self, event):
self.lb1.yview("scroll", event.delta,"units")
self.lb2.yview("scroll",event.delta,"units")
# this prevents default bindings from firing, which
# would end up scrolling the widget twice
return "break"
app=App()
这是我当前的解决方案，编码为独立函数（是的，它应该是一个对象）。
特点/要求：
代码：
def showLists(l, *lists):
"""
Present passed equal-length lists in adjacent scrollboxes.
"""
# This exists mainly for me to start learning about Tkinter.
# This widget reqires at least one list be passed, and as many additional
# lists as desired. Each list is displayed in its own listbox, with
# additional listboxes added to the right as needed to display all lists.
# The width of each listbox is set to match the max width of its contents.
# Caveat: Too wide or too many lists, and the widget can be wider than the screen!
# The listboxes scroll together, using either the scrollbar or mousewheel.
# :TODO: Refactor as an object with methods.
# :TODO: Move to a separate file when other widgets are built.
# Check arguments
if (l is None) or (len(l) < 1):
return
listOfLists = [l] # Form a list of lists for subsequent processing
listBoxes = [] # List of listboxes
if len(lists) > 0:
for list in lists:
# All lists must match length of first list
# :TODO: Add tail filling for short lists, with error for long lists
if len(list) != len(l):
return
listOfLists.append(list)
import Tkinter
def onVsb(*args):
"""
When the scrollbar moves, scroll the listboxes.
"""
for lb in listBoxes:
lb.yview(*args)
def onMouseWheel(event):
"""
Convert mousewheel motion to scrollbar motion.
"""
if (event.num == 4): # Linux encodes wheel as 'buttons' 4 and 5
delta = -1
elif (event.num == 5):
delta = 1
else: # Windows & OSX
delta = event.delta
for lb in listBoxes:
lb.yview("scroll", delta, "units")
# Return 'break' to prevent the default bindings from
# firing, which would end up scrolling the widget twice.
return "break"
# Create root window and scrollbar
root = Tkinter.Tk()
root.title('Samples w/ time step < 0')
vsb = Tkinter.Scrollbar(root, orient=Tkinter.VERTICAL, command=onVsb)
vsb.pack(side=Tkinter.RIGHT, fill=Tkinter.Y)
# Create listboxes
for i in xrange(0,len(listOfLists)):
lb = Tkinter.Listbox(root, yscrollcommand=vsb.set)
lb.pack(side=Tkinter.LEFT, fill=Tkinter.BOTH)
# Bind wheel events on both Windows/OSX & Linux;
lb.bind("<MouseWheel>", onMouseWheel)
lb.bind("<Button-4>", onMouseWheel)
lb.bind("<Button-5>", onMouseWheel)
# Fill the listbox
maxWidth = 0
for item in listOfLists[i]:
s = str(item)
if len(s) > maxWidth:
maxWidth = len(s)
lb.insert(Tkinter.END, s)
lb.config(width=maxWidth+1)
listBoxes.append(lb) # Add listbox to list of listboxes
# Show the widget
Tkinter.mainloop()
# End of showLists()
欢迎提出改进建议！
我做了一个非常简单的程序解决方案。在查看教程点网站以获取有关如何使用一个小部件的滚动条的信息后（https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/tk_scrollbar.htm），我将其调整为同时滚动多个文本框时间（您可以更改代码，以便它使用列表框）。当您使用滚动条时，此解决方案将更新所有三个文本框。
import tkinter as tk
HEIGHT = 200
WIDTH = 300
def scroll(x, y):
l_textbox.yview(x,y)
m_textbox.yview(x,y)
r_textbox.yview(x,y)
root = tk.Tk()
canvas = tk.Canvas(root,height = HEIGHT, width = WIDTH, bg = "white")
canvas.pack()
frame = tk.Frame(root, bg ='white')
frame.place(relx=0,rely=0,relwidth=1,relheight=1)
scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(frame)
l_label = tk.Label (frame, text = "Left")
l_label.place(relx=0, rely=0)
m_label = tk.Label (frame, text= "Middle")
m_label.place(relx=0.3, rely=0)
r_label = tk.Label (frame, text= "Right")
r_label.place(relx=0.6, rely=0)
l_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
l_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
l_textbox.place(relx=0, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
m_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
m_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
m_textbox.place(relx=0.3, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
r_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
r_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
r_textbox.place(relx=0.6, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
scrollbar.config( command = scroll)
scrollbar.place(relx = 0.9, relwidth = 0.1,relheight = 1)
for i in range(0, 100):
l_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
m_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
r_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
l_textbox.place()
m_textbox.place()
r_textbox.place()
root.mainloop()
下面的清单是本书
John K. Ousterhout - Tcl and Tk Toolkit - 200918.9.2 Synchronized Scrolling of Multiple Widgets滚动条和小部件不需要直接连接。一个程序 可以在两者之间使用来执行诸如滚动多个小部件之类的事情 单个滚动条。获得准确同步滚动的技巧是 识别将控制滚动条和从属部件的主部件 小部件。
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
# Scrolling multiple listboxes together
class App:
def __init__(self):
self.root = tk.Tk()
self.vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(command=self.scrollbar_command)
self.lb1 = tk.Listbox(
self.root, yscrollcommand=self.lb1_yscrollcommand)
self.lb2 = tk.Listbox(
self.root, yscrollcommand=self.lb2_yscrollcommand)
self.vsb.pack(side="right", fill="y")
self.lb1.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
self.lb2.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
# Generate some dummy data
for i in range(100):
self.lb1.insert("end", "item %s" % i)
self.lb2.insert("end", "item %s" % i)
self.root.mainloop()
def lb1_yscrollcommand(self, *args):
"""Only one listbox should update the scrollbar.
Listbox 'lb1' plays the role of the master listbox.
It updates the scrollbar and the 'slave' listbox 'lb2' """
print("lb1_yscrollcommand:", args)
self.vsb.set(*args) # update the scrollbar
self.lb2.yview("moveto", args[0]) # update the 'slave' listbox
def lb2_yscrollcommand(self, *args):
"""Slave listbox 'lb2' updated the master listbox 'lb1' """
print("lb2_yscrollcommand:", args)
self.lb1.yview("moveto", args[0]) # update the 'master' listbox
def scrollbar_command(self, *args):
"""Scrollbar updates listboxes"""
print("OnVsb", args)
self.lb1.yview(*args)
self.lb2.yview(*args)
app = App()
在 Linux 和 Windows 上进行了测试。