[Django版本:1.11,Python版本:3.5,我尝试遵循Django教程,但遇到无法解决的问题,无法删除此错误]
异常类型:/ posts / new /处的TypeError
异常值:__ str__返回了非字符串(类型NoneType)
[回溯
Environment:
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/posts/new/
Django Version: 1.11
Python Version: 3.6.6
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.humanize',
'bootstrap3',
'accounts',
'groups',
'posts']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
Template error:
In template E:\Private\django_project\social_clone\simplesocial\templates \base.html, error at line 10
__str__ returned non-string (type NoneType) 1 : <!DOCTYPE html>
2 : {% load staticfiles %}
3 : <html>
4 : <head>
5 : <meta charset="utf-8">
6 : <title>Egy Social</title>
7 : <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS -->
8 :
9 :
10 : <link rel="stylesheet" href="https: //maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com /bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
11 :
12 :
13 : <!-- Optional theme -->
14 :
15 : <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css" integrity="sha384-rHyoN1iRsVXV4nD0JutlnGaslCJuC7uwjduW9SVrLvRYooPp2bWYgmgJQIXwl/Sp" crossorigin="anonymous">
16 : <!-- Latest compiled and minified JavaScript -->
17 : <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
18 : <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat" rel="stylesheet">
19 : <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'simplesocial/css/master.css'%}">
20 : </head>
Traceback:
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py" in inner
41.response = get_response(request)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
217.response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
215. response = response.render()
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py" in render
107.
self.content = self.rendered_content
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py" in rendered_content
84.
content = template.render(context, self._request)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\backends\django.py" in render
66.
return self.template.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
207.
return self._render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in _render
199.
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
990.
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
957.
return self.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py" in render
177.
return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in _render
199.
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
990.
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
957.
return self.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py" in render
177.
return compiled_parent._render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in _render
199.
return self.nodelist.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
990.
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
957.
return self.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py" in render
72.
result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
990.
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
957.
return self.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\loader_tags.py" in render
72.
result = block.nodelist.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
990.
bit = node.render_annotated(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
957.
return self.render(context)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\template\library.py" in render
203.
output = self.func(*resolved_args, **resolved_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\templatetags\bootstrap3.py" in bootstrap_form
338.
return render_form(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\forms.py" in render_form
53.
return renderer_cls(form, **kwargs).render()
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\renderers.py" in render
87.
return mark_safe(self._render())
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\renderers.py" in _render
230.
return self.render_errors(self.error_types) + self.render_fields()
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\renderers.py" in render_fields
194.
bound_css_class=self.bound_css_class,
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\forms.py" in render_field
69.
return renderer_cls(field, **kwargs).render()
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\renderers.py" in render
87. return mark_safe(self._render())
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\bootstrap3\renderers.py" in _render
551. html = self.field.as_widget(attrs=self.widget.attrs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\boundfield.py" in as_widget
120. **kwargs
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in render
220. context = self.get_context(name, value, attrs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in get_context
665. context = super(Select, self).get_context(name, value, attrs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in get_context
627. context['widget']['optgroups'] = self.optgroups(name, context['widget']['value'], attrs)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in optgroups
574. for option_value, option_label in chain(self.choices):
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\models.py" in __iter__
1118. yield self.choice(obj)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\models.py" in choice
1124. return (self.field.prepare_value(obj), self.field.label_from_instance(obj))
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\models.py" in label_from_instance
1189. return force_text(obj)
File "C:\Users\Ahmed-Fathi\Anaconda2\envs\myDjangoEnv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\encoding.py" in force_text
76. s = six.text_type(s)
Exception Type: TypeError at /posts/new/
Exception Value: __str__ returned non-string (type NoneType)
这是我的models.py文件
enter code here
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.db import models
import misaka
from groups.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
User = get_user_model()
class Post(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="posts")
created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
message = models.TextField()
message_html = models.TextField(editable=False)
group = models.ForeignKey(Group,
related_name="posts",null=True,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.message
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.message_html = misaka.html(self.message)
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse(
"posts:single",
kwargs={
"username": self.user.username,
"pk": self.pk
}
)
class Meta:
ordering = ["-created_at"]
unique_together = ["user", "message"]
这就是我的帖子应用程序的urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
app_name='posts'
urlpatterns = [
url(r"^$", views.PostList.as_view(), name="all"),
url(r"new/$", views.CreatePost.as_view(), name="create"),
url(r"by/(?P<username>[-\w]+)/$"
,views.UserPosts.as_view(),name="for_user"),
url(r"by/(?P<username>[-\w]+)/(?P<pk>\d+)/$"
,views.PostDetail.as_view(),name="single"),
url(r"delete/(?P<pk>\d+)/$",views.DeletePost.as_view(),name="delete"),
]
settings.py
enter code here
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
TEMPLATE_DIR = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')
SECRET_KEY = '(5qpl&b-b48^jszl@nz02#lgbw%tp(o)_wb!)b&k(j9*kueh@&'
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.humanize',
'bootstrap3',
'accounts',
'groups',
'posts',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'simplesocial.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [TEMPLATE_DIR,],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'simplesocial.wsgi.application'
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
}
}
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME':
'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.
UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.
MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.
CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.
NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
enter code here
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = "test"
LOGOUT_REDIRECT_URL = "thanks"
我用google搜索,但没找到]]
[Django版本:1.11 Python版本:3.5我正在尝试遵循Django教程,但是我有一个无法解决的问题,我无法删除此错误异常类型:/ posts / new / ...的TypeError]