我创建了一个自定义用户模型，并且有两个模型 "工作人员 "和 "病人 "与我的自定义用户模型有一对一的关系。我已成功迁移，但在执行第二行代码时出现错误。
doc = User.objects.create_user(email='[email protected]',password='glassdoor',user_type=1)
s_doc = Staff.objects.get_or_create(user=doc)
我得到这个ERROR: "django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: column Staff.id does not existLINE 1: SELECT "Staff". "id", "Staff". "user_id", "Staff". "department"..."
模型.py
class User(AbstractUser):
#use email as authentication
username = None
email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), unique=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
objects = CustomUserManager()
USER_TYPE_CHOICES = (
(1, 'doctor'),
(2, 'labPeople'),
(3, 'receptionist'),
(4, 'patient'),
(5, 'admin'),
)
user_type = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE_CHOICES,null=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.email
# class Meta:
# db_table = 'auth_user'
class Staff(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='staff')
id = models.AutoField(db_column='ID', primary_key=True) # Field name made lowercase.
fname = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
lname = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
sex = models.BooleanField(blank=True, null=True)
tel_no = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
email = models.EmailField(max_length=255,unique=True)
department = models.ForeignKey('Department', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_column='department', blank=True, null=True)
hospital = models.ForeignKey('Hospital', on_delete=models.CASCADE, db_column='hospital', blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
# managed = False
db_table = 'Staff'
class Patient(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE,related_name='patient')
email = models.EmailField(max_length=255,unique=True)
fname = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
lname = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
dob = models.DateField(db_column='DOB', blank=True, null=True) # Field name made lowercase.
sex = models.BooleanField(blank=True, null=True)
tel_no = models.CharField(max_length=255,blank=True,null=True)
address = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
nin = models.AutoField(db_column='NIN', primary_key=True) # Field name made lowercase.
class Meta:
# managed = False
db_table = 'Patient'
经理人.py
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import BaseUserManager
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.db import models
import django
class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
"""
Custom user model manager where email is the unique identifiers
for authentication instead of usernames.
"""
use_in_migrations = True
def _create_user(self, email, user_type, password, **extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a User with the given email and password.
"""
django.setup()
if not email:
raise ValueError('The Email must be set')
email = self.normalize_email(email)
user = self.model(email=email, user_type=user_type, **extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_user(self, email, user_type, password=None, **extra_fields):
"""Create and save a regular User with the given email and password."""
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', False)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', False)
if user_type in set([1,2,3,5]):
is_staff = True
return self._create_user(email, user_type, password, **extra_fields)
def create_superuser(self, email, user_type, password, **extra_fields):
"""
Create and save a SuperUser with the given email and password.
"""
extra_fields.setdefault('is_staff', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_superuser', True)
extra_fields.setdefault('is_active', True)
if extra_fields.get('is_staff') is not True:
raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_staff=True.')
if extra_fields.get('is_superuser') is not True:
raise ValueError('Superuser must have is_superuser=True.')
return self._create_user(email, user_type, password, **extra_fields)
回溯如下。
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "populate_health.py", line 90, in <module>
populate()
File "populate_health.py", line 26, in populate
s_doc = Staff.objects.get_or_create(user=doc)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 82, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 538, in get_or_create
return self.get(**kwargs), False
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 402, in get
num = len(clone)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 256, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1242, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 55, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch, chunk_size=self.chunk_size)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1100, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 99, in execute
return super().execute(sql, params)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "//anaconda/envs/myhealth/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: column Staff.id does not exist
LINE 1: SELECT "Staff"."id", "Staff"."user_id", "Staff"."department"...
第一次出现这个错误是在我没有给Staff定义id的时候 因为django会自动定义id. 但我只是添加了它来试试，结果还是一样。我也试过创建一个Patient对象，也会出现同样的错误。
我在这个问题上纠结了一个多星期，只发现在迁移的过程中也发生了一些类似的问题，而这些问题是不一样的。这是怎么发生的？
Easy 这个错误是由于 "id "有多个值而买到的，因为你的表中有一个主键，而且django也为你的 "id "提供了一个自动值。"DROP [IF EXISTS]dbname; "丢掉你当前的数据库，然后用相同的名字重新创建数据库，然后用 "python manage.py makemigrations "再次进行迁移，然后用 "python manage.py migrate "进行迁移，就可以了。