Entity Framework Core 报告任何模型或数据库中都不存在的列，并且似乎是 TableNavigation 属性

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

当我尝试列出所有停车位时，出现此错误

列名“ParkingUserUserId”无效

我遇到了这个 EF Core 问题： https://github.com/dotnet/efcore/issues/15021

我检查了我的模型和脚本，但没有找到原因。

表格是这样创建的

-- Create the ParkingSpot table
CREATE TABLE ParkingSpot 
(
    ParkingSpotId INT PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
    Name NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    Address NVARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    CityId INT NOT NULL,
    Latitude DECIMAL(10, 6) NOT NULL,
    Longitude DECIMAL(10, 6) NOT NULL,
    Status NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    UserId INT,
    CreatedAt DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    FOREIGN KEY (CityId) REFERENCES City(CityId),
    FOREIGN KEY (UserId) REFERENCES ParkingUser(UserId)
);

模型是这样定义的

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;

namespace WebApi.Models
{
    [Table("ParkingSpot")]
    public class ParkingSpot
    {
        [Key]
        public int ParkingSpotId { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Address { get; set; }
        public int CityId { get; set; }
        public decimal Latitude { get; set; }
        public decimal Longitude { get; set; }
        public string Status { get; set; }
        public int UserId { get; set; }

        // Navigation property for the user who created this parking spot
        [ForeignKey("UserId")]
        public ParkingUser ParkingUser { get; set; }
        public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; }

        // Navigation property for CurrentCapacity
        public ICollection<CurrentCapacity> CurrentCapacities { get; set; }

        // Navigation property for MaxCapacity
        public ICollection<MaxCapacity> MaxCapacities { get; set; }

        // Navigation property for City
        [ForeignKey("CityId")]
        public City City { get; set; }
    }
}

如您所见，有一个名为 

ParkingUser(UserId)
的外键，但没有名为 
ParkingUserUserId
的列，如果 EF Core 无法使用该导航属性，它在哪里向我显示详细信息？我该如何解决这个问题？

这里是完整的错误日志

Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): Invalid column name 'ParkingUserUserId'.
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.TryConsumeMetaData()
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.get_MetaData()
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString, Boolean isInternal, Boolean forDescribeParameterEncryption, Boolean shouldCacheForAlwaysEncrypted)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean isAsync, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite, Boolean inRetry, SqlDataReader ds, Boolean describeParameterEncryptionRequest)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean& usedCache, Boolean asyncWrite, Boolean inRetry, String method)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior)
   at Microsoft.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteDbDataReader(CommandBehavior behavior)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalCommand.ExecuteReader(RelationalCommandParameterObject parameterObject)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.SingleQueryingEnumerable`1.Enumerator.InitializeReader(Enumerator enumerator)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.SingleQueryingEnumerable`1.Enumerator.<>c.<MoveNext>b__21_0(DbContext _, Enumerator enumerator)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Storage.Internal.SqlServerExecutionStrategy.Execute[TState,TResult](TState state, Func`3 operation, Func`3 verifySucceeded)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.SingleQueryingEnumerable`1.Enumerator.MoveNext()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 collection)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
   at ParkingService.GetAllParkingSpots() in /app/services/ParkingService.cs:line 16
   at WebApi.controllers.WebApi.Controllers.ParkingController.ListParkings() in /app/controllers/ParkingController.cs:line 34
   at lambda_method2(Closure, Object, Object[])
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ActionMethodExecutor.SyncActionResultExecutor.Execute(ActionContext actionContext, IActionResultTypeMapper mapper, ObjectMethodExecutor executor, Object controller, Object[] arguments)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionMethodAsync()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeNextActionFilterAsync()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Rethrow(ActionExecutedContextSealed context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeInnerFilterAsync()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeFilterPipelineAsync>g__Awaited|20_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware.<Invoke>g__AwaitRequestTask|7_0(Endpoint endpoint, Task requestTask, ILogger logger)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI.SwaggerUIMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext)
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger.SwaggerMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext, ISwaggerProvider swaggerProvider)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddlewareImpl.Invoke(HttpContext context)
ClientConnectionId:a83ccbda-8f8e-4873-afa2-42b2134f8460
Error Number:207,State:1,Class:16

这是 ParkingUser 模型

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;

namespace WebApi.Models
{
    [Table("ParkingUser")]
    public class ParkingUser
    {
        [Key]
        public int UserId { get; set; }
        public string Username { get; set; }
        public string Email { get; set; }
        public string Password { get; set; }
        public string Role { get; set; }

        // Navigation properties
        public ICollection<Rating> Ratings { get; set; }
        public ICollection<ParkingSpot> CreatedParkingSpots { get; set; }
    }
}

这里是 ParkingDbContext

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using WebApi.Models;

namespace WebApi.Data
{
    public class ParkingDbContext : DbContext
    {
        public ParkingDbContext(DbContextOptions<ParkingDbContext> options) : base(options) { }

        // DbSet properties for all entities
        public DbSet<ParkingUser> ParkingUsers { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Country> Countries { get; set; }
        public DbSet<City> Cities { get; set; }
        public DbSet<ParkingSpotType> ParkingSpotTypes { get; set; }
        public DbSet<ParkingSpot> ParkingSpots { get; set; }
        public DbSet<MaxCapacity> MaxCapacities { get; set; }
        public DbSet<CurrentCapacity> CurrentCapacities { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Rating> Ratings { get; set; }
        public DbSet<SpotType> SpotTypes { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            // Configure relationships using Fluent API

            // Relationship between ParkingSpot and City
            modelBuilder.Entity<ParkingSpot>()
                .HasOne(p => p.City)
                .WithMany(c => c.ParkingSpots)
                .HasForeignKey(p => p.CityId);

            // Relationship between ParkingSpot and ParkingUser (CreatedBy)
            modelBuilder.Entity<ParkingSpot>()
                .HasOne(p => p.ParkingUser)
                .WithMany()
                .HasForeignKey(p => p.UserId);

            // Relationship between MaxCapacity and ParkingSpot
            modelBuilder.Entity<MaxCapacity>()
                .HasOne(mc => mc.ParkingSpot)
                .WithMany(ps => ps.MaxCapacities)
                .HasForeignKey(mc => mc.ParkingSpotId);

            // Relationship between CurrentCapacity and ParkingSpot
            modelBuilder.Entity<CurrentCapacity>()
                .HasOne(cc => cc.ParkingSpot)
                .WithMany(ps => ps.CurrentCapacities)
                .HasForeignKey(cc => cc.ParkingSpotId);

            // Add other relationships as needed

            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        }
    }
}
.net-core entity-framework-core
1个回答
0
投票

这里

// Relationship between ParkingSpot and ParkingUser (CreatedBy)
modelBuilder.Entity<ParkingSpot>()
    .HasOne(p => p.ParkingUser)
    .WithMany() // <---
    .HasForeignKey(p => p.UserId);

您遗漏了未映射的 

ParkingUser.CreatedParkingSpots
集合导航属性。在这种情况下发生的情况是，EF 假设它正在定义一个新的单独单向一对多关系，FK 通常称为
ParkingUserUserId
(
{Principal Entity Name}{Principal Entity PK Name}
)。如果您使用 EF 迁移来维护数据库架构，您会在生成的迁移中看到这一点。

当然，拥有第二个关系不是您的意图，因此只需将导航属性与现有关系相关联即可：

// Relationship between ParkingSpot and ParkingUser (CreatedBy)
modelBuilder.Entity<ParkingSpot>()
    .HasOne(p => p.ParkingUser)
    .WithMany(u => u.CreatedParkingSpots) // <---
    .HasForeignKey(p => p.UserId);

一般情况下，请确保 

{Has|With}{One|Many}
流畅调用的可选参数始终与相应导航属性的存在或不存在相匹配，因为跳过参数意味着 无属性 而不是 使用默认属性。

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