我构造了多个碱基dataclass
。现在,我想构造一个继承自这些基类的子级dataclass
,但可能继承某些基类中定义的部分属性。示例可以是:
import dataclasses
@dataclasses.dataclass
class A:
a: int = None
b: float = None
c: str = None
@dataclasses.dataclass
class B:
d: int = None
b: float = 3.5
@dataclasses.dataclass
class C:
e: int = None
f: float = 3.5
g: int = None
@dataclasses.dataclass
class D(A, B):
def __post_init__(self):
for _field, _field_property in C.__dataclass_fields__.items():
if _field != "g":
setattr(self, _field, _field_property.default)
即,我想构造一个继承D
和A
以及B
中除C
以外的属性的子类g
。检查子类D
>>> D.__dataclass_fields__.keys() # got dict_keys(['d', 'b', 'a', 'c'])
>>> d = D(a=4, b=2, c=5, d=3.4, e=2.1, g=55)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#77>", line 1, in <module>
d = D(a=4, b=2, c=5, d=3.4, e=2.1, g=55)
TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'e'
和
>>> D.__dict__.keys()
dict_keys(['__module__', '__post_init__', '__doc__', '__dataclass_params__', '__dataclass_fields__', '__init__', '__repr__', '__eq__', '__hash__'])
[当我将__post_init__
更改为__init__
并使用super().__init__()
进行继承时,仍然无法继承类C
的属性并失去dataclass
的优势,即
>>> @dataclasses.dataclass
class D(A, B):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
for _field, _field_property in C.__dataclass_fields__.items():
if _field != "g":
setattr(self, _field, _field_property.default)
并运行
>>> d = D(a=4, b=2, c=5, d=3.4, e=2.1, g=55)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#81>", line 1, in <module>
d = D(a=4, b=2, c=5, d=3.4, e=2.1, g=55)
TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'a'
我该怎么办?
[与@GiacomoAlzetta所提出的类似,我突然使用dataclasses.make_dataclass
提出了这个想法,即生成了C
的副本,但排除了属性g
,即]]
<<< C_part = dataclasses.make_dataclass("C_part", [(_field, _field_property.type, _field_property.default) for _field, _field_property in C.__dataclass_fields__.items() if _field != "g"])
因此,我有
>>> C_part.__dataclass_fields__.keys() # dict_keys(['e', 'f'])
然后可以通过以下方式获得[C0
D