我在 Windows 服务器上运行 Oracle 11，并且登录到同一台服务器并尝试使用 SQL Plus。当我尝试连接时，即使 TNSPING 和各种其他诊断看起来正常，我也会收到 ORA-12154。
任何人都可以建议为什么吗？下面有大量详细信息。
如果我像这样使用EZCONNECT我可以使用sqlplus..
sqlplus EST/[email protected]/ORCL
...但是如果我尝试像这样使用 TNSNAMES 进行连接...
sqlplus EST/EST@ORCL
...我明白...
ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified
TNSPING 工作正常
C:\Documents and Settings\user1>tnsping ORCL
TNS Ping Utility for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 12-NOV-2013 12:41:14
Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = ORCL))
)
OK (20 msec)
并且监听器看起来像这样：
C:\Documents and Settings\user1>lsnrctl services
LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-NOV-2013 12:02:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0
LOCAL SERVER
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"DEDICATED" established:55 refused:0 state:ready
LOCAL SERVER
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Handler(s):
"D000" established:0 refused:0 current:0 max:1022 state:ready
DISPATCHER <machine: MARIEL, pid: 2400>
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mariel)(PORT=1045))
The command completed successfully
还有这个
C:\Documents and Settings\user1>lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 14-NOV-2013 12:29:21
Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 14-NOV-2013 11:41:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 48 min. 11 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
Listener Log File e:\app\administrator\diag\tnslsnr\mariel\listener\alert\log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(PIPENAME=\\.\pipe\EXTPROC1521ipc)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.10.15)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "CLRExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "CLRExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
以下是各种配置文件：
listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\bin\oraclr11.dll")
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator
tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = CLRExtProc)
(PRESENTATION = RO)
)
)
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.15)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
sqlnet.ora
# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_2\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)
创建一个指向 tnsnames.ora 文件所在目录的环境变量 TNS_ADMIN。然后尝试用sqlplus连接。
如果有效，那么我猜测您可能也安装了 Oracle 客户端软件，当您运行 sqlplus 时，它会在您的客户端主目录中查找 tnsnames.ora 文件。
-- windows下添加环境变量TNS_ADMIN说明
1. 进入控制面板/系统
2.选择高级系统设置
3. 选择“高级”选项卡，环境变量按钮在底部。
4. 创建新变量 TNS_ADMIN 并指定 .ora 文件的存储路径。例如C:pp\oracle\产品.2。