无法捕获SQLAlchemy IntegrityError

Question

尽我所能，我似乎无法正确捕获sqlalchemy IntegrityError：

from sqlalchemy import exc

try:
    insert_record()
except exc.IntegrityError, exc:
    print exc # this is never called
    handle_elegantly() # this is never called

正如人们所期望的那样：

IntegrityError: (IntegrityError) insert or update on table "my_table" 
                violates foreign key constraint "my_table_some_column_fkey"

我试图明确地说：

from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError

更新：

我找到了一些似乎适合这里发生的事情，在会话被刷新到数据库之后，并且在try / exceptblocks被执行之后，不会抛出完整性错误：Trying to catch integrity error with SQLAlchemy

然而，在session.flush()区块中添加try会产生InvalidRequestError：

ERROR:root:This Session's transaction has been rolled back due to a previous 
           exception during flush. To begin a new transaction with this Session, 
           first issue Session.rollback(). 
           Original exception was: (IntegrityError)

Answer 1

一旦IntegrityError被提出，无论你是否发现错误，你工作的会话都会失效。由于第二条错误消息指示您，To begin a new transaction with this Session, first issue Session.rollback().，继续使用会话，您需要发出session.rollback()

我不能肯定地说，但我猜你或你的web框架正在尝试继续使用以某种方式引发IntegrityError的会话。我建议您在捕获异常或session.rollback()函数后发出handle_elegantly。

如果你运行下面你会看到我的意思：

from sqlalchemy import types
from sqlalchemy import exc
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.schema import Column
from zope.sqlalchemy import ZopeTransactionExtension
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_session

Base = declarative_base()


class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'user'
    name = Column(types.String, primary_key=True)


def handle_elegantly(name):
    session = DBSession()
    session.add(User(name=name))
    session.flush()
    print 'Exception elegantly handled!!\n'


def pretend_view(request):
    """Pretend view in a Pyramid application using pyramid_tm"""
    session = DBSession()
    user = User()
    print '\n-------Here we rollback before continuing -------'
    try:
        session.add(user)
        session.flush()
    except exc.IntegrityError:
        session.rollback()
        handle_elegantly('This will run fine')

    print '\n------- Here we do not, and this will error -------'
    try:
        session.add(user)
        session.flush()
    except exc.IntegrityError:
        handle_elegantly('Exception will be raised')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    engine = create_engine('sqlite://')
    global DBSession
    DBSession = scoped_session(
        sessionmaker(extension=ZopeTransactionExtension()))
    DBSession.configure(bind=engine)
    Base.metadata.bind = engine
    Base.metadata.create_all()
    pretend_view("dummy request")

Answer 2

我在Flask应用程序中有相同的需求，我像下面一样处理它并且它有效：

from flask import Flask
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from sqlalchemy import exc

db = SQLAlchemy(Flask(__name__))

try:
     db.session.add(resource)
     return db.session.commit()
except exc.IntegrityError as e:
     db.session().rollback()

Answer 3

SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN = False