在 PHP 中，将 RGB 三元组转换为 HSV 值的最直接方法是什么？
这是一个简单、直接的方法，它以度数和百分比的形式返回 HSV 值，这就是 Photoshop 的颜色选择器所使用的。
请注意，返回值不会四舍五入，如果需要，您可以自行四舍五入。请记住
H(360) == H(0)H359.50大量记录用于学习目的。
/**
* Licensed under the terms of the BSD License.
* (Basically, this means you can do whatever you like with it,
* but if you just copy and paste my code into your app, you
* should give me a shout-out/credit :)
*/
<?php
function RGBtoHSV($R, $G, $B) // RGB values: 0-255, 0-255, 0-255
{ // HSV values: 0-360, 0-100, 0-100
// Convert the RGB byte-values to percentages
$R = ($R / 255);
$G = ($G / 255);
$B = ($B / 255);
// Calculate a few basic values, the maximum value of R,G,B, the
// minimum value, and the difference of the two (chroma).
$maxRGB = max($R, $G, $B);
$minRGB = min($R, $G, $B);
$chroma = $maxRGB - $minRGB;
// Value (also called Brightness) is the easiest component to calculate,
// and is simply the highest value among the R,G,B components.
// We multiply by 100 to turn the decimal into a readable percent value.
$computedV = 100 * $maxRGB;
// Special case if hueless (equal parts RGB make black, white, or grays)
// Note that Hue is technically undefined when chroma is zero, as
// attempting to calculate it would cause division by zero (see
// below), so most applications simply substitute a Hue of zero.
// Saturation will always be zero in this case, see below for details.
if ($chroma == 0)
return array(0, 0, $computedV);
// Saturation is also simple to compute, and is simply the chroma
// over the Value (or Brightness)
// Again, multiplied by 100 to get a percentage.
$computedS = 100 * ($chroma / $maxRGB);
// Calculate Hue component
// Hue is calculated on the "chromacity plane", which is represented
// as a 2D hexagon, divided into six 60-degree sectors. We calculate
// the bisecting angle as a value 0 <= x < 6, that represents which
// portion of which sector the line falls on.
if ($R == $minRGB)
$h = 3 - (($G - $B) / $chroma);
elseif ($B == $minRGB)
$h = 1 - (($R - $G) / $chroma);
else // $G == $minRGB
$h = 5 - (($B - $R) / $chroma);
// After we have the sector position, we multiply it by the size of
// each sector's arc (60 degrees) to obtain the angle in degrees.
$computedH = 60 * $h;
return array($computedH, $computedS, $computedV);
}
?>
<?php
function RGB_TO_HSV ($R, $G, $B) // RGB Values:Number 0-255
{ // HSV Results:Number 0-1
$HSL = array();
$var_R = ($R / 255);
$var_G = ($G / 255);
$var_B = ($B / 255);
$var_Min = min($var_R, $var_G, $var_B);
$var_Max = max($var_R, $var_G, $var_B);
$del_Max = $var_Max - $var_Min;
$V = $var_Max;
if ($del_Max == 0)
{
$H = 0;
$S = 0;
}
else
{
$S = $del_Max / $var_Max;
$del_R = ( ( ( $var_Max - $var_R ) / 6 ) + ( $del_Max / 2 ) ) / $del_Max;
$del_G = ( ( ( $var_Max - $var_G ) / 6 ) + ( $del_Max / 2 ) ) / $del_Max;
$del_B = ( ( ( $var_Max - $var_B ) / 6 ) + ( $del_Max / 2 ) ) / $del_Max;
if ($var_R == $var_Max) $H = $del_B - $del_G;
else if ($var_G == $var_Max) $H = ( 1 / 3 ) + $del_R - $del_B;
else if ($var_B == $var_Max) $H = ( 2 / 3 ) + $del_G - $del_R;
if ($H<0) $H++;
if ($H>1) $H--;
}
$HSL['H'] = $H;
$HSL['S'] = $S;
$HSL['V'] = $V;
return $HSL;
}
经过彻底测试和压缩，这是我将坚持使用的将 RGB 转换为 HSV 的函数：
function RGBtoHSV($r,$g,$b) {
$r=($r/255); $g=($g/255); $b=($b/255);
$maxRGB=max($r,$g,$b); $minRGB=min($r,$g,$b); $chroma=$maxRGB-$minRGB;
if($chroma==0) return array('h'=>0,'s'=>0,'v'=>$maxRGB);
if($r==$minRGB)$h=3-(($g-$b)/$chroma);
elseif($b==$minRGB)$h=1-(($r-$g)/$chroma); else $h=5-(($b-$r)/$chroma);
return array('h'=>60*$h,'s'=>$chroma/$maxRGB,'v'=>$maxRGB);
}
使用颜色“DarkSalmon”的示例：
echo '<pre><code>'. print_r( RGBtoHSV(233,150,122), true ) .'</code></pre>';
...返回：
Array
(
[h] => 15.135135135135
[s] => 0.47639484978541
[v] => 0.91372549019608
)
我就是这样做的
function convertRgbToHsv($rgb)
{
$r = (int)substr($rgb, 0, 3) / 255;
$g = (int)substr($rgb, 3, 3) / 255;
$b = (int)substr($rgb, 6, 3) / 255;
$max = max($r, $g, $b);
$min = min($r, $g, $b);
$delta = $max - $min;
if (!$delta) {
$h = 0;
} else if ($r === $max) {
$h = 60 * ((($g - $b) / $delta) % 6);
} else if ($g === $max) {
$h = 60 * ((($b - $r) / $delta) + 2);
} else {
$h = 60 * ((($r - $g) / $delta) + 4);
}
$s = !!$max ? $delta / $max : 0;
$v = $max;
$hsv = array("h" => $h, "s" => $s, "v" => $v);
return $hsv;
}
参考资料链接此处
function RGB_to_HSV($r, $g, $b) {
$result = [];
$min = min($r, $g, $b);
$max = max($r, $g, $b);
$delta_min_max = $max - $min;
$result_h = 0;
if ($delta_min_max !== 0 && $max === $r && $g >= $b) $result_h = 60 * (($g - $b) / $delta_min_max) + 0;
elseif ($delta_min_max !== 0 && $max === $r && $g < $b) $result_h = 60 * (($g - $b) / $delta_min_max) + 360;
elseif ($delta_min_max !== 0 && $max === $g ) $result_h = 60 * (($b - $r) / $delta_min_max) + 120;
elseif ($delta_min_max !== 0 && $max === $b ) $result_h = 60 * (($r - $g) / $delta_min_max) + 240;
$result_s = $max === 0 ? 0 : (1 - ($min / $max));
$result_v = $max;
$result['h'] = (int)(round($result_h));
$result['s'] = (int)($result_s * 100);
$result['v'] = (int)($result_v / 2.55);
return $result;
}
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 0, 0) === ['h' => 0, 's' => 0, 'v' => 0] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 0, 255) === ['h' => 240, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 127, 255) === ['h' => 210, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 255, 0) === ['h' => 120, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 255, 127) === ['h' => 150, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV( 0, 255, 255) === ['h' => 180, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(127, 0, 255) === ['h' => 270, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(127, 127, 255) === ['h' => 240, 's' => 50, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(127, 255, 0) === ['h' => 90, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(127, 255, 127) === ['h' => 120, 's' => 50, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 0, 0) === ['h' => 0, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 0, 127) === ['h' => 330, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 0, 255) === ['h' => 300, 's' => 100, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 127, 0) === ['h' => 30, 's' => 50, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 127, 127) === ['h' => 0, 's' => 50, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(255, 255, 255) === ['h' => 0, 's' => 0, 'v' => 100] );
var_dump( RGB_to_HSV(900, 900, 900) === ['h' => 0, 's' => 0, 'v' => 100] );
# trying all possible values to try to raise an error
for ($r = -10; $r <= 260; $r++) {
for ($g = -10; $g <= 260; $g++) {
for ($b = -10; $b <= 260; $b++) {
RGB_to_HSV($r, $g, $g);
}
}
}
我在Effcore CMS中实现了这个示例，并做了一个测试，可以通过系统界面或通过命令行界面运行。
这是我的看法，以及单元测试。由于
SV750.75
final class MathService
{
/**
* Converts an RGB point into HSV
*
* @param int $r
* @param int $g
* @param int $b
* @return array
*/
public function rgbToHsv(int $r, int $g, int $b): array
{
$rPrime = $r / 255;
$gPrime = $g / 255;
$bPrime = $b / 255;
$max = max([$rPrime, $gPrime, $bPrime]);
$min = min([$rPrime, $gPrime, $bPrime]);
$delta = $max - $min;
// Calculate H
if ($delta == 0) {
$h = 0;
} else {
if ($max === $rPrime) {
$h = 60 * ((($gPrime - $bPrime) / $delta) % 6);
}
if ($max === $gPrime) {
$h = 60 * ((($bPrime - $rPrime) / $delta) + 2);
}
if ($max === $bPrime) {
$h = 60 * ((($rPrime - $gPrime) / $delta) + 4);
}
}
// Calculate S
if ($max == 0) {
$s = 0;
} else {
$s = $delta / $max;
}
// Calculate V
$v = $max;
return [$h, (int)($s * 100), (int)($v * 100)];
}
}
使用 PHP 7.2 的 PHPUnit 测试用例
/**
* @test
*/
public function rgbToHsv_ComputesCorrectValues(): void
{
$service = new MathService();
$samples = [
// [R, G, B, H, S, V]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 100],
[255, 0, 0, 0, 100, 100],
[0, 255, 0, 120, 100, 100],
[0, 0, 255, 240, 100, 100],
[255, 255, 0, 60, 100, 100],
[0, 255, 255, 180, 100, 100],
[255, 0, 255, 300, 100, 100],
[192, 192, 192, 0, 0, 75],
[128, 128, 128, 0, 0, 50],
[128, 0, 0, 0, 100, 50],
[128, 128, 0, 60, 100, 50],
[0, 128, 0, 120, 100, 50],
[128, 0, 128, 300, 100, 50],
[0, 128, 128, 180, 100, 50],
[0, 0, 128, 240, 100, 50],
];
foreach ($samples as $sample) {
list($r, $g, $b) = array_slice($sample, 0, 3);
$expected = array_slice($sample, 3);
$hsv = $service->rgbToHsv($r, $g, $b);
list($h, $s, $v) = $hsv;
self::assertEquals($expected, $hsv, "Error converting ({$r}, ${g}, ${b}). Got ({$h}, {$s}, {$v})");
}
}