ByteBuddy附加到本地运行进程

Question

我正在尝试使用ByteBuddy附加到我的计算机上运行的正在运行的进程。我希望在我附加到正在运行的程序时，我的代理将导致重新加载已加载的类，并显示我的Transformer的print语句。

相反，当我停止正在附加的运行进程时，我会看到来自我的Transformer的一些打印语句，对于一些JDK类。

代码发布如下：

import net.bytebuddy.ByteBuddy;
import net.bytebuddy.agent.ByteBuddyAgent;
import net.bytebuddy.dynamic.loading.ClassReloadingStrategy;
import net.bytebuddy.implementation.FixedValue;

import java.io.*;

import static net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatchers.named;

public class Thief {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
        String pid = "86476"; // <-- modify this to attach to any java process running on your computer
        System.out.println(new Thief().guessSecurityCode(pid));
    }

    public String guessSecurityCode(final String pid) throws Throwable {
        File jarFile = createAgent();
        ByteBuddyAgent.attach(jarFile, pid);
        return "0000";
    }


    private static String generateSimpleAgent() {

        return  "import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;" + "\n" +
                "import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;" + "\n" +
                "import java.security.ProtectionDomain;" + "\n" +
                "\n\n" +
                "public class Agent {" +"\n" +
                "    public static void agentmain(String argument, Instrumentation inst) {" +"\n" +
                "        inst.addTransformer(new ClassFileTransformer() {" +"\n" +
                "            @Override" +"\n" +
                "            public byte[] transform(" +"\n" +
                "                ClassLoader loader," +"\n" +
                "                String className," +"\n" +
                "                Class<?> classBeingRedefined," +"\n" +
                "                ProtectionDomain protectionDomain," +"\n" +
                "                byte[] classFileBuffer) {" +"\n" +
                "            System.out.println(\"transform on : \" +className);" +"\n" +
                "            return classFileBuffer;" +"\n" +
                "            }" +"\n" +
                "        });" +"\n" +
                "    }" +"\n" +
                "}" +"\n";
    }

    private static String generateAgentManifest() {
        return  String.join("\n", "Agent-Class: Agent",
                                                         "Can-Retransform-Classes: true",
                                                         "Can-Redefine-Classes: true",
                                                         "Premain-Class: Agent"
        );
    }

    private static String generateAgentManifest2() {
        return  String.join("\n",
                "Manifest-Version: 1.0",
                            "Agent-Class: Agent",
                            "Permissions: all-permissions"
        );
    }

    private static String generateTransformer() {
        return String.join("\n",
                "import java.lang.instrument.ClassFileTransformer;",
                            "import java.security.ProtectionDomain;",
                            "import java.util.Arrays;",
                            "public class Transformer implements ClassFileTransformer {",
                            "    public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader, String className, Class<?> cls, ProtectionDomain dom, byte[] buf) {",
                            "        return null;",
                            "    }",
                            "}"
        );
    }

    private static void writeFile(String path, String data) throws IOException {
        final PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(path);
        out.print(data);
        out.close();
    }

    private static void runCommand(String cmd) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("[commmand] " + cmd);
        String s;
        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
        BufferedReader out = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
        while ((s = out.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("[out] " + s);
        }
        out = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getErrorStream()));
        while ((s = out.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println("[err] " + s);
        }
        p.waitFor();
        System.out.println("[exit status] " + p.exitValue());
        p.destroy();
    }

    private static File createAgent() throws Throwable {
        writeFile("Agent.java", generateSimpleAgent());
        writeFile("Transformer.java", generateTransformer());
        writeFile("manifest.mf", generateAgentManifest2());
        runCommand("javac Agent.java Transformer.java");
        runCommand("jar -cfm agent.jar manifest.mf Agent.class Transformer.class");
        return new File("agent.jar");
    }
}

Answer 1

只添加一个变换器不会导致重载已经加载的类。默认情况下，您的变换器只会看到新加载的类，因此您在退出时看到某些类的原因是这些类之前未使用过，而是专门为关闭过程加载的。

要重新转换类，首先必须使用addTransformer(yourTransformer, true)进行注册，然后使用要转换的类调用retransformClasses。注意getAllLoadedClasses和getInitiatedClasses(ClassLoader)的存在

作为补充说明，我强烈反对采用将Java代理嵌入为源代码字符串的方法，需要将它们写入临时文件，调用编译器并最终创建jar文件。您可以轻松地将Agent类集成到普通源代码中。然后，要生成仅包含Agent类的jar文件，您只需将已存在的.class文件从应用程序的代码库复制到Agent jar。对于简单的情况，您可以同时使应用程序jar文件成为有效的代理程序jar文件，而无需任何其他复制步骤即可使用该文件。

此外，请记住，ClassFileTransformer应该总是为所有不改变的类返回null。返回原始类文件字节在语义上是相同的，但是它需要在调用者方面进行额外的努力以发现您没有更改它。对于将为每个已加载的类调用的代码，但通常只对少数几个感兴趣（或者只是想在不改变任何内容的情况下打印信息），这样的性能问题很重要。