我目前正在开发一个需要几个“危险”权限的应用程序。因此，我尝试在Android Marshmallow（API级别23）中添加“请求许可”，但无法找到如何执行此操作。
如何在我的应用中使用新的权限模型请求权限？
使用以下代码打开对话框：
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
1);
获取活动结果如下：
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 1: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Permission denied to read your External storage", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return;
}
// other 'case' lines to check for other
// permissions this app might request
}
}
更多信息：https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html
对于一次多个权限，您可以使用此权限。这项工作对我来说..我有另一个解决方案。如果你给你的targetSdkVersion低于22，它对我有用。它的行为就像从manifest.xml获取权限一样。经过测试，适合我。
final private int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS = 124;
private void insertDummyContactWrapper() {
List<String> permissionsNeeded = new ArrayList<String>();
final List<String> permissionsList = new ArrayList<String>();
if (!addPermission(permissionsList, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION))
permissionsNeeded.add("GPS");
if (!addPermission(permissionsList, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS))
permissionsNeeded.add("Read Contacts");
if (!addPermission(permissionsList, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS))
permissionsNeeded.add("Write Contacts");
if (permissionsList.size() > 0) {
if (permissionsNeeded.size() > 0) {
// Need Rationale
String message = "You need to grant access to " + permissionsNeeded.get(0);
for (int i = 1; i < permissionsNeeded.size(); i++)
message = message + ", " + permissionsNeeded.get(i);
showMessageOKCancel(message,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
requestPermissions(permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]),
REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
}
});
return;
}
requestPermissions(permissionsList.toArray(new String[permissionsList.size()]),
REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS);
return;
}
insertDummyContact();
}
private boolean addPermission(List<String> permissionsList, String permission) {
if (checkSelfPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
permissionsList.add(permission);
// Check for Rationale Option
if (!shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission))
return false;
}
return true;
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case REQUEST_CODE_ASK_MULTIPLE_PERMISSIONS:
{
Map<String, Integer> perms = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
// Initial
perms.put(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
perms.put(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
perms.put(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS, PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
// Fill with results
for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++)
perms.put(permissions[i], grantResults[i]);
// Check for ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
if (perms.get(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
&& perms.get(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
&& perms.get(Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// All Permissions Granted
insertDummyContact();
} else {
// Permission Denied
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Some Permission is Denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
}
}
break;
default:
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
}
更多细节。检查波纹管链接
为了处理运行时权限，谷歌提供了一个库项目。你可以在这里查看https://github.com/googlesamples/easypermissions
通过向build.gradle文件添加以下依赖项来安装EasyPermissions：
dependencies {
compile 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:0.3.0'
}
要开始使用EasyPermissions，请让您的Activity（或Fragment）覆盖onRequestPermissionsResult方法：
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
// Forward results to EasyPermissions
EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
}
@Override
public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
// Some permissions have been granted
// ...
}
@Override
public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
// Some permissions have been denied
// ...
}
}
在这里，您将获得一个工作示例，该库如何工作https://github.com/milon87/EasyPermission
如果后台服务需要权限，则需要提供权限，可以使用一个很好的库。虽然库的限制是它不能用于确定当前是否向应用程序提供权限。它总是询问用户应用程序是否还没有它们。
试一试，因为它让生活更简单：Android Permissions
下面的代码完美无缺。我在一个例子的帮助下解释。
在我的情况下，我将权限检查分别放在util类中，并传递我需要从相应的类检查的特定权限。这使得能够在整个应用程序中重用权限检查util文件。
下面的代码部分显示了函数调用。在这种情况下，请求android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE权限。
//the below call is from a fragment
@OnClick(R.id.button)//butterknife implementation
public void attachPressed() {
if (PermissionUtils.hasThisPermission(getContext(), android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
onAttachPressed();
} else {
PermissionUtils.isPermissionRequestNeeded(getActivity(), this, android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, PermissionUtils.REQUEST_GROUP_STORAGE);
}
}
在上述情况下，检查权限是否允许调用onAttachPressed();函数，否则我们检查请求权限。
以下是我的案例PermissionUtils中util类中的代码
public final class PermissionUtils {
public static final int REQUEST_GROUP_STORAGE = 1508;
private PermissionUtils() {
}
public static boolean hasThisPermission(Context context, String permission) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
return ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
} else {
return true;
}
}
public static boolean isPermissionRequestNeeded(Activity activity, Fragment fragment, String permission, int requestCode) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && !hasThisPermission(activity, permission)) {
final String[] permissions = new String[]{permission};
if (fragment == null) {
activity.requestPermissions(permissions, requestCode);
} else {
fragment.requestPermissions(permissions, requestCode);
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
在请求之后，如果您可能想要从onRequestPermissionsResult调用该函数，否则您将需要再次按下该按钮进行函数调用。
所以只需从onRequestPermissionsResult调用它
//the below call is from a fragment
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == PermissionUtils.REQUEST_GROUP_STORAGE && grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
onAttachPressed();
} else {
Log.e("value", "Permission Denied, You cannot use local drive .");
}
}
将权限添加到AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<application ...>
....
</application>
如果需要运行时权限，请检查Android版本。
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
askForPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 1);
}
如果未授予，请要求用户授予权限。
private void askForPermission(String permission, int requestCode) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(c, permission)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(MainActivity.this, permission)) {
Toast.makeText(c, "Please grant the requested permission to get your task done!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{permission}, requestCode);
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{permission}, requestCode);
}
}
}
如果授予了许可，则执行某些操作。
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 1:
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//permission with request code 1 granted
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission Granted" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
//permission with request code 1 was not granted
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission was not Granted" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
break;
default:
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
}
试试这个
这是在Marshmallow版本中请求许可的最简单方法。
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplicationContext(), Manifest.permission.CAMERA) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED&&ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getApplicationContext(), Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
{
//TO do here if permission is granted by user
}
else
{
//ask for permission if user didnot given
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
{
requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION}, 0);
}
}
注意： - 不要忘记在清单文件中也添加相同的权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
第二种方法是否授予检查权限的代码？
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 1);
并覆盖该方法
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 1: {
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// grantResult[0] means it will check for the first postion permission which is READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
// grantResult[1] means it will check for the Second postion permission which is CAMERA
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission Granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
Toast.makeText(this, "Permission not Granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
}
}
通过避免编写大量代码来询问权限的简单方法，
https://github.com/sachinvarma/EasyPermission
如何添加：
repositories {
maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
}
implementation 'com.github.sachinvarma:EasyPermission:1.0.1'
如何获得许可：
List<String> permission = new ArrayList<>();
permission.add(EasyPermissionList.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
permission.add(EasyPermissionList.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
new EasyPermissionInit(MainActivity.this, permission);
希望它对某人有所帮助。
我使用RxPermission库库来获取权限。因为是请求许可所以写的长代码。
RxPermissions rxPermissions = new RxPermissions(this); // where this is an Activity instance // Must be done during an initialization phase like onCreate
rxPermissions
.request(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
.subscribe(granted -> {
if (granted) { // Always true pre-M
// I can control the camera now
} else {
// Oups permission denied
}
});
在build.gradle中添加这些依赖项
allprojects {
repositories {
...
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'com.github.tbruyelle:rxpermissions:0.10.1'
implementation 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding2:rxbinding:2.1.1'
}
ApplicationWazxswpoi中的运行时权限AnyWhere
Here is Example
并调用这样的代码：
use dependency
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
dependencies {
implementation 'com.github.irshadsparky:PermissionLib:master-SNAPSHOT'
}
你可以找到更多PermissionHelper.requestCamera(new PermissionHelper.OnPermissionGrantedListener() {
@Override
public void onPermissionGranted() {
}
});
我经历了所有答案，但不满足我确切需要的答案，所以这里是我写的一个例子，完美无缺，甚至用户点击了“不再问”复选框。
readContacts()，如下所示：
openCamera()现在我们需要制作private void readContacts() {
if (!askContactsPermission()) {
return;
} else {
queryContacts();
} }
，您也可以将其命名为askContactsPermission()或您要求的任何许可。
askCameraPermission()在编写此函数之前，请确保已定义以下实例变量，如下所示：
private boolean askContactsPermission() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
return true;
}
if (checkSelfPermission(READ_CONTACTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return true;
}
if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(READ_CONTACTS)) {
Snackbar.make(parentLayout, R.string.permission_rationale, Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE)
.setAction(android.R.string.ok, new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
public void onClick(View v) {
requestPermissions(new String[]{READ_CONTACTS}, REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
}
}).show();
} else if (contactPermissionNotGiven) {
openPermissionSettingDialog();
} else {
requestPermissions(new String[]{READ_CONTACTS}, REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
contactPermissionNotGiven = true;
}
return false;
}
现在最后一步覆盖 private View parentLayout;
private boolean contactPermissionNotGiven;;
/**
* Id to identity READ_CONTACTS permission request.
*/
private static final int REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS = 0;
方法，如下所示：
onRequestPermissionsResult这里我们完成了RunTime权限，插件是/**
* Callback received when a permissions request has been completed.
*/
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
@NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS) {
if (grantResults.length == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
queryContacts();
}
}
}
，如果用户通过单击Do not ask again复选框永久禁用权限，则只需打开设置屏幕。以下是方法：
openPermissionSettingDialog()我们错过了什么？ 1.在 private void openPermissionSettingDialog() {
String message = getString(R.string.message_permission_disabled);
AlertDialog alertDialog =
new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this, AlertDialog.THEME_DEVICE_DEFAULT_LIGHT)
.setMessage(message)
.setPositiveButton(getString(android.R.string.ok),
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
startActivity(intent);
dialog.cancel();
}
}).show();
alertDialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(true);
}
中定义使用过的字符串
strings.xml<string name="permission_rationale">"Contacts permissions are needed to display Contacts."</string>
<string name="message_permission_disabled">You have disabled the permissions permanently,
To enable the permissions please go to Settings -> Permissions and enable the required Permissions,
pressing OK you will be navigated to Settings screen</string>方法中初始化parentLayout变量
parentLayout = findViewById（R.id.content）;onCreate中定义所需的权限AndroidManifest.xml<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />方法，根据您的需要或运行时权限，您可以调用您的方法，在此之前需要queryContacts。在我的情况下，我只是使用加载程序来获取联系人，如下所示：
permission这工作伟大的快乐编码:)
这个结构我用来检查我的应用程序是否有权限，而不是请求它是否没有权限。所以在我想要检查的主代码中写下面的代码：
int MyVersion = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
if (MyVersion > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
if (!checkIfAlreadyhavePermission()) {
requestForSpecificPermission();
}
}
模块checkIfAlreadyhavePermission（）实现为：
private boolean checkIfAlreadyhavePermission() {
int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
模块requestForSpecificPermission（）实现为：
private void requestForSpecificPermission() {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS, Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 101);
}
并在活动中覆盖：
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 101:
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//granted
} else {
//not granted
}
break;
default:
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
}
有关更多详细信息，请参阅此链接：http://revisitingandroid.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-check-and-request-for-run-time.html
private void queryContacts() {
getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);}
你可以使用我的库 - if (CommonMethod.isNetworkAvailable(MainActivity.this)) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this,
android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
if (permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//showing dialog to select image
callFacebook();
Log.e("permission", "granted MarshMallow");
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,
new String[]{android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 1);
}
} else {
Log.e("permission", "Not Required Less than MarshMallow Version");
callFacebook();
}
} else {
CommonMethod.showAlert("Internet Connectivity Failure", MainActivity.this);
}
（它只是一个类）
样品
compile 'ru.alexbykov:nopermission:1.1.1'onRequestPermissionResult：
PermissionHelper permissionHelper = new PermissionHelper(this); //don't use getActivity in fragment!
permissionHelper.check(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
.onSuccess(this::onSuccess)
.onDenied(this::onDenied)
.onNeverAskAgain(this::onNeverAskAgain)
.run();
我觉得api比Google的 @Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults)
permissionHelper.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
更方便。
我使用了谷歌开发人员编写的这个包装器（推荐）。它超级好用。
https://github.com/googlesamples/easypermissions
处理检查并在需要时请求许可的功能
public void locationAndContactsTask() {
String[] perms = { Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS };
if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {
// Have permissions, do the thing!
Toast.makeText(this, "TODO: Location and Contacts things", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
// Ask for both permissions
EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, getString(R.string.rationale_location_contacts),
RC_LOCATION_CONTACTS_PERM, perms);
}
}
快乐编码:)
从Android Marshmallow开始，我们需要向用户请求特定权限。如果已经给出了许可，我们也可以通过代码查看。以下是常用权限的列表：
- android.permission-group.CALENDAR android.permission.READ_CALENDAR android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
- Android.permission-group.camera Android.permission.camera
- android.permission-group.CONTACTS android.permission.READ_CONTACTS android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
- android.permission-group.LOCATION android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
- android.permission-group.MICROPHONE android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
- android.permission-group.PHONE android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE android.permission.CALL_PHONE android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG android.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL android.permission.USE_SIP android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
- android.permission-group.SENSORS android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
- android.permission-group.SMS android.permission.SEND_SMS android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS android.permission.READ_SMS android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
- android.permission-group.STORAGE android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
以下是检查权限的示例代码：
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale((Activity) context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR)) {
AlertDialog.Builder alertBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
alertBuilder.setCancelable(true);
alertBuilder.setMessage("Write calendar permission is necessary to write event!!!");
alertBuilder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity)context, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_WRITE_CALENDAR);
}
});
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity)context, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_WRITE_CALENDAR);
}
}
我的Activity或Fragment中的请求运行时权限类
它还可以帮助您显示基本原理或打开设置以在用户拒绝权限（有/没有Never ask again）选项后启用权限
class RequestPermissionHandler(private val activity: Activity? = null,
private val fragment: Fragment? = null,
private val permissions: Set<String> = hashSetOf(),
private val listener: Listener? = null
) {
private var hadShowRationale: Boolean = false
fun requestPermission() {
hadShowRationale = showRationaleIfNeed()
if (!hadShowRationale) {
doRequestPermission(permissions)
}
}
fun retryRequestDeniedPermission() {
doRequestPermission(permissions)
}
private fun showRationaleIfNeed(): Boolean {
val unGrantedPermissions = getPermission(permissions, Status.UN_GRANTED)
val permanentDeniedPermissions = getPermission(unGrantedPermissions, Status.PERMANENT_DENIED)
if (permanentDeniedPermissions.isNotEmpty()) {
val consume = listener?.onShowSettingRationale(unGrantedPermissions)
if (consume != null && consume) {
return true
}
}
val temporaryDeniedPermissions = getPermission(unGrantedPermissions, Status.TEMPORARY_DENIED)
if (temporaryDeniedPermissions.isNotEmpty()) {
val consume = listener?.onShowPermissionRationale(temporaryDeniedPermissions)
if (consume != null && consume) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
fun requestPermissionInSetting() {
val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS)
val packageName = activity?.packageName ?: run {
fragment?.requireActivity()?.packageName
}
val uri = Uri.fromParts("package", packageName, null)
intent.data = uri
activity?.apply {
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE)
} ?: run {
fragment?.startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE)
}
}
fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<String>,
grantResults: IntArray) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
for (i in grantResults.indices) {
if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
markNeverAskAgainPermission(permissions[i], false)
} else if (!shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permissions[i])) {
markNeverAskAgainPermission(permissions[i], true)
}
}
var hasShowRationale = false
if (!hadShowRationale) {
hasShowRationale = showRationaleIfNeed()
}
if (hadShowRationale || !hasShowRationale) {
notifyComplete()
}
}
}
fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
getPermission(permissions, Status.GRANTED).forEach {
markNeverAskAgainPermission(it, false)
}
notifyComplete()
}
}
fun cancel() {
notifyComplete()
}
private fun doRequestPermission(permissions: Set<String>) {
activity?.let {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(it, permissions.toTypedArray(), REQUEST_CODE)
} ?: run {
fragment?.requestPermissions(permissions.toTypedArray(), REQUEST_CODE)
}
}
private fun getPermission(permissions: Set<String>, status: Status): Set<String> {
val targetPermissions = HashSet<String>()
for (p in permissions) {
when (status) {
Status.GRANTED -> {
if (isPermissionGranted(p)) {
targetPermissions.add(p)
}
}
Status.TEMPORARY_DENIED -> {
if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(p)) {
targetPermissions.add(p)
}
}
Status.PERMANENT_DENIED -> {
if (isNeverAskAgainPermission(p)) {
targetPermissions.add(p)
}
}
Status.UN_GRANTED -> {
if (!isPermissionGranted(p)) {
targetPermissions.add(p)
}
}
}
}
return targetPermissions
}
private fun isPermissionGranted(permission: String): Boolean {
return activity?.let {
ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(it, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
} ?: run {
ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(fragment!!.requireActivity(), permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
}
}
private fun shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission: String): Boolean {
return activity?.let {
ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(it, permission)
} ?: run {
ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(fragment!!.requireActivity(), permission)
}
}
private fun notifyComplete() {
listener?.onComplete(getPermission(permissions, Status.GRANTED), getPermission(permissions, Status.UN_GRANTED))
}
private fun getPrefs(context: Context): SharedPreferences {
return context.getSharedPreferences("SHARED_PREFS_RUNTIME_PERMISSION", Context.MODE_PRIVATE)
}
private fun isNeverAskAgainPermission(permission: String): Boolean {
return getPrefs(requireContext()).getBoolean(permission, false)
}
private fun markNeverAskAgainPermission(permission: String, value: Boolean) {
getPrefs(requireContext()).edit().putBoolean(permission, value).apply()
}
private fun requireContext(): Context {
return fragment?.requireContext() ?: run {
activity!!
}
}
enum class Status {
GRANTED, UN_GRANTED, TEMPORARY_DENIED, PERMANENT_DENIED
}
interface Listener {
fun onComplete(grantedPermissions: Set<String>, deniedPermissions: Set<String>)
fun onShowPermissionRationale(permissions: Set<String>): Boolean
fun onShowSettingRationale(permissions: Set<String>): Boolean
}
companion object {
const val REQUEST_CODE = 200
}
}
在Activity中使用
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private lateinit var smsAndStoragePermissionHandler: RequestPermissionHandler
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler = RequestPermissionHandler(this@MainActivity,
permissions = setOf(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE),
listener = object : RequestPermissionHandler.Listener {
override fun onComplete(grantedPermissions: Set<String>, deniedPermissions: Set<String>) {
Toast.makeText(this@MainActivity, "complete", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
text_granted.text = "Granted: " + grantedPermissions.toString()
text_denied.text = "Denied: " + deniedPermissions.toString()
}
override fun onShowPermissionRationale(permissions: Set<String>): Boolean {
AlertDialog.Builder(this@MainActivity).setMessage("To able to Send Photo, we need SMS and" + " Storage permission")
.setPositiveButton("OK") { _, _ ->
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.retryRequestDeniedPermission()
}
.setNegativeButton("Cancel") { dialog, _ ->
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.cancel()
dialog.dismiss()
}
.show()
return true // don't want to show any rationale, just return false here
}
override fun onShowSettingRationale(permissions: Set<String>): Boolean {
AlertDialog.Builder(this@MainActivity).setMessage("Go Settings -> Permission. " + "Make SMS on and Storage on")
.setPositiveButton("Settings") { _, _ ->
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.requestPermissionInSetting()
}
.setNegativeButton("Cancel") { dialog, _ ->
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.cancel()
dialog.cancel()
}
.show()
return true
}
})
button_request.setOnClickListener { handleRequestPermission() }
}
private fun handleRequestPermission() {
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.requestPermission()
}
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<String>,
grantResults: IntArray) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions,
grantResults)
}
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
smsAndStoragePermissionHandler.onActivityResult(requestCode)
}
}
Android-M ie，API 23引入了Runtime Permissions以减少Android设备中的安全漏洞，用户现在可以在运行时直接管理应用程序权限。如果用户拒绝您的应用程序的特定权限，则必须通过询问权限对话框来获取它你在查询中提到过。
因此，请检查操作之前，即检查您是否有权访问资源link，如果您的应用程序没有该特定权限，您可以请求权限link并处理权限请求响应，如下所示。
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
}
return;
}
// other 'case' lines to check for other
// permissions this app might request
}
}
最后，如果您计划使用新版本以避免强制关闭，那么通过behavior changes是一个很好的做法:)
你可以通过官方示例应用程序here。
从Android Marshmallow（API 23）及以上版本默认禁用所有危险权限（根据官方文档official doc）。在应用程序第一次打开时安装后，您必须在运行时授予权限。
我实现了以下方式：
public class MarshMallowPermission {
public static final int EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_BY_GALLERY = 0;
public static final int EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_BY_CAMERA = 1;
public static final int EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_BY_LOAD_PROFILE = 2;
public static final int CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 3;
public static final int LOCATION_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 4;
Activity activity;
Context mContext;
public MarshMallowPermission(Activity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
this.mContext = activity;
}
public boolean checkPermissionForExternalStorage(){
int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public boolean checkPermissionForCamera(){
int result = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public boolean checkLocationPermission(){
int result = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
if (result == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
public void requestPermissionForExternalStorage(int requestCode){
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)){
Toast.makeText(mContext.getApplicationContext(), "External Storage permission needed. Please allow in App Settings for additional functionality.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},requestCode);
}
}
public void requestPermissionForCamera(){
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)){
Toast.makeText(mContext.getApplicationContext(), "Camera permission needed. Please allow in App Settings for additional functionality.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
}
}
public void requestPermissionForLocation(){
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) && ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)){
Toast.makeText(mContext.getApplicationContext(), "Location permission needed. Please allow in App Settings for additional functionality.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, LOCATION_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
}
}
}
在您的活动课程中：
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
private MarshMallowPermission marshMallowPermission;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.d("NavHome", "Oncreate_nav");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
marshMallowPermission = new MarshMallowPermission(MainActivity.this);
if (!marshMallowPermission.checkPermissionForExternalStorage()) {
marshMallowPermission.requestPermissionForExternalStorage(MarshMallowPermission.EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_BY_LOAD_PROFILE);
}
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
switch (requestCode) {
case MarshMallowPermission.EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE_BY_LOAD_PROFILE:
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//permission granted successfully
} else {
//permission denied
}
break;
}
}
}
我正在使用它作为基础Fragment类。我只要求片段的权限，但你可以重构它并制作类似的Activity版本。
public class BaseFragment extends Fragment {
private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_BLOCK_INTERNAL = 555;
private static final String PERMISSION_SHARED_PREFERENCES = "permissions";
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_BLOCK_INTERNAL) {
boolean allPermissionsGranted = true;
for (int iGranting : grantResults) {
if (iGranting != PermissionChecker.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
allPermissionsGranted = false;
break;
}
}
if (allPermissionsGranted && permissionBlock != null) {
permissionBlock.run();
}
permissionBlock = null;
}
}
public void runNowOrAskForPermissionsFirst(String permission, Runnable block) {
if (hasPermission(permission)) {
block.run();
} else if (!hasPermissionOrWillAsk(permission)) {
permissionBlock = block;
askForPermission(permission, PERMISSION_REQUEST_BLOCK_INTERNAL);
}
}
public boolean hasPermissionOrWillAsk(String permission) {
boolean hasPermission = hasPermission(permission);
boolean hasAsked = hasPreviouslyAskedForPermission(permission);
boolean shouldExplain = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permission);
return hasPermission || (hasAsked && !shouldExplain);
}
private boolean hasPermission(String permission) {
return (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getContext(), permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
}
private boolean hasPreviouslyAskedForPermission(String permission) {
SharedPreferences prefs = getContext().getSharedPreferences(PERMISSION_SHARED_PREFERENCES, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
return prefs.getBoolean(permission, false);
}
private void askForPermission(String permission, int requestCode) {
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = getContext().getSharedPreferences(PERMISSION_SHARED_PREFERENCES, Context.MODE_PRIVATE).edit();
editor.putBoolean(permission, true);
editor.apply();
requestPermissions(new String[] { permission }, requestCode);
}
}
您应该使用两种关键方法：
这是一个例子：
mFragment.runNowOrAskForPermissionsFirst(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
...do something if we have permission...
}
});
很高兴得到这方面的反馈。并不是说这个具体示例有点简化，您还需要检查是否在设备上启用了位置服务。 （这与权限不同。）此外，它一次只支持一个权限，但如果您需要一次支持多个权限，则很容易修改。
它可能是一种更清洁的方式。在数组中添加所有权限
private static final String[] INITIAL_PERMS={
android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
};
private static final int INITIAL_REQUEST=1337;
无论您的许可是什么，都为每个权限创建方法
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
private boolean canAccessFineLocation() {
return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION));
}
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
private boolean canAccessCoarseLocation() {
return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION));
}
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
private boolean hasPermission(String perm) {
return(PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED == checkSelfPermission(perm));
}
在onCreate中调用此方法
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
if(!canAccessCoarseLocation() || !canAccessFineLocation()){
requestPermissions(INITIAL_PERMS, INITIAL_REQUEST);
}
}
现在覆盖onRequestPermissionsResult
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if(requestCode == INITIAL_REQUEST){
if (canAccessFineLocation() && canAccessCoarseLocation()) {
//call your method
}
else {
//show Toast or alert that this permissions is neccessary
}
}
}