分组，然后使用提供组信息的附加列“取消分组”行

Question

背景

假设我们有这个表数据（请参阅末尾的即用请求来创建它）：

+--+-----+-----+--------+
|id|name |color|shape   |
+--+-----+-----+--------+
|1 |john |blue |square  |
|2 |mary |green|square  |
|3 |anna |red  |triangle|
|4 |bob  |blue |square  |
|5 |susan|blue |square  |
|6 |frank|red  |triangle|
+--+-----+-----+--------+

通过此请求，可以按颜色和形状对行进行分组，更重要的是添加聚合信息：

SELECT
    GROUP_CONCAT(name) AS names,
    color,
    shape,
    COUNT(*) AS nb_duplicates
FROM temp_users
GROUP BY color, shape;

结果：

+--------------+-----+--------+-------------+
|names         |color|shape   |nb_duplicates|
+--------------+-----+--------+-------------+
|john,bob,susan|blue |square  |3            |
|mary          |green|square  |1            |
|anna,frank    |red  |triangle|2            |
+--------------+-----+--------+-------------+

问题

但是如何才能“取消组合”行，以便：

• 每个用户一行（至少有其id，其余的可以加入）；
• 分组后添加的信息，尤其是

  nb_duplicates

  和唯一的组id（可能是自动递增的）？

预期产量

+--+-----+-----+--------+-------------+------------------+
|id|name |color|shape   |nb_duplicates|duplicate_group_id|
+--+-----+-----+--------+-------------+------------------+
|1 |john |blue |square  |3            |1                 |
|2 |mary |green|square  |1            |2                 |
|3 |anna |red  |triangle|2            |3                 |
|4 |bob  |blue |square  |3            |1                 |
|5 |susan|blue |square  |3            |1                 |
|6 |frank|red  |triangle|2            |3                 |
+--+-----+-----+--------+-------------+------------------+

类似问题

我发现了一个类似的问题Mysql: count, group by Yet return all results，我尝试了这个命题：

SELECT
    u.*,
    dups.nb_duplicates
FROM temp_users u
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT
        u2.color,
        u2.shape,
        COUNT(*) AS nb_duplicates
    FROM temp_users u2
    GROUP BY color, shape
) AS dups ON u.color = dups.color AND u.shape = dups.shape;

但我从 MySql 收到此错误：

[HY000][1137] 无法重新打开表：'u'

表创建请求示例

仅适用于那些想要快速重现该表格的人：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS temp_users;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE temp_users (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(20),
    color VARCHAR(20),
    shape VARCHAR(20)
);
INSERT INTO temp_users(name, color, shape) VALUES
('john',  'blue',  'square'),
('mary',  'green', 'square'),
('anna',  'red',   'triangle'),
('bob',   'blue',  'square'),
('susan', 'blue',  'square'),
('frank', 'red',   'triangle');