如何使用python从多个XML节点和层次结构中提取信息？

问题描述 投票：0回答：1

我具有以下结构：

<population>
    <person id="101">
        <attributes>
            <attribute name="age" class="java.lang.Integer" >53</attribute>
        </attributes>
        <plan score="-0.38" selected="yes">
            <activity type="outside" link="81312" facility="outside_208" x="649324.9906891582" y="6866581.699995641" end_time="08:22:00" >
            </activity>
            <leg mode="car" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="work" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="car" dep_time="17:15:22" trav_time="00:07:05">
                <route type="links" start_link="138852" end_link="189898" trav_time="00:07:05" distance="4604.544053407517" vehicleRefId="7262234">138852</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="outside" link="189898" facility="outside_249" x="648729.9598002436" y="6866057.250182923" end_time="17:20:35" >
            </activity>
        </plan>
        <plan score="-0.38" selected="no">
            <activity type="inside" link="81312" facility="outside_208" x="649324.9906891582" y="6866581.699995641" end_time="08:22:00" >
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="shopping" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="work" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="pt" dep_time="17:15:22" trav_time="00:07:05">
                <route type="links" start_link="138852" end_link="189898" trav_time="00:07:05" distance="4604.544053407517" vehicleRefId="7262234">138852</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="outside" link="189898" facility="outside_249" x="648729.9598002436" y="6866057.250182923" end_time="17:20:35" >
            </activity>
        </plan>
    </person>
    <person id="102">
        <attributes>
            <attribute name="age" class="java.lang.Integer" >53</attribute>
        </attributes>
        <plan score="-0.38" selected="yes">
            <activity type="inside" link="81312" facility="outside_208" x="649324.9906891582" y="6866581.699995641" end_time="08:22:00" >
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="work" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="work" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="pt" dep_time="17:15:22" trav_time="00:07:05">
                <route type="links" start_link="138852" end_link="189898" trav_time="00:07:05" distance="4604.544053407517" vehicleRefId="7262234">138852</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="outside" link="189898" facility="outside_249" x="648729.9598002436" y="6866057.250182923" end_time="17:20:35" >
            </activity>
        </plan>
    </person>
    <person id="103">
        <attributes>
            <attribute name="age" class="java.lang.Integer" >53</attribute>
        </attributes>
        <plan score="-0.38" selected="yes">
            <activity type="inside" link="81312" facility="outside_208" x="649324.9906891582" y="6866581.699995641" end_time="08:22:00" >
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="shopping" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="bike" dep_time="08:22:00" trav_time="00:10:13">
                <route type="links" start_link="81312" end_link="138852" trav_time="00:10:13" distance="6046.54932060571" vehicleRefId="7262234">81312</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="work" link="138852" facility="38407" x="651680.6" y="6863892.5" start_time="08:45:22" end_time="17:15:22" >
                <attributes>
                    <attribute name="innerParis" class="java.lang.Boolean" >true</attribute>
                </attributes>
            </activity>
            <leg mode="pt" dep_time="17:15:22" trav_time="00:07:05">
                <route type="links" start_link="138852" end_link="189898" trav_time="00:07:05" distance="4604.544053407517" vehicleRefId="7262234">138852</route>
            </leg>
            <activity type="outside" link="189898" facility="outside_249" x="648729.9598002436" y="6866057.250182923" end_time="17:20:35" >
            </activity>
        </plan>
    </person>
</population>

我想要提取person id的值，并且在plan selected ="yes"的情况下，我还想提取所有activity type和leg mode。例如，它应该以现有顺序存储为字典（或数据帧，这并不重要）。

所以理想的结果看起来像这样：

id    leg_activity
101   outside; car; work; car; outside
102   inside; bike; work; bike; work ...
...

到目前为止，我只使用过JMSPath，但我知道它不是最合适的，因此，我很高兴看到elementtree左右的其他方法：)另外，我无法找到提取[一步即可获得activity和leg信息。到目前为止，这是我的方法：

import gzip
import xmltodict
import pandas as pd
import jmespath

box = xmltodict.parse(gzip.open(gzipfile, 'r'))

expression = jmespath.compile('population.person[].plan[?"@selected"==`yes`].activity[*].["@type"]')

coords = expression.search(box)
coords = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(coords)
python xml elementtree jmespath
1个回答
1
投票

假设您的xml位于test.xml内，则应该可以进行以下操作：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import pandas as pd
soup = BeautifulSoup(open('test.xml').read(), features='lxml')
plan_log = []
for person in soup.find_all('person'):
    log = {'id': person.get('id')}
    activities = []
    for plan in person.find_all('plan', attrs={'selected': 'yes'}):
        for detail in plan.children:
            if detail.name == 'activity':
                activities.append(detail.get('type'))
            elif detail.name == 'leg':
                activities.append(detail.get('mode'))
            # activities.append(detail.get('type') or detail.get('mode'))
    log['leg_activity'] = ', '.join(activities)
    plan_log.append(log)
df = pd.DataFrame(plan_log)
print(df)

输出：

    id                                     leg_activity
0  101                 outside, car, work, car, outside
1  102      inside, bike, work, bike, work, pt, outside
2  103  inside, bike, shopping, bike, work, pt, outside
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