在swift 3中将文件保存在文档目录中?

问题描述 投票:0回答:3

我使用以下代码将文件保存在 swift 3 的文档目录中:

fileManager = FileManager.default
// let documentDirectory = fileManager?.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first as String
var path = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.documentDirectory, .userDomainMask, true)[0] as String
path = path + name

let image = #imageLiteral(resourceName: "Notifications")
let imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 0.5)
let bool = fileManager?.createFile(atPath: path, contents: imageData, attributes: nil)

print("bool is \(bool)")
return true

但是正如你所看到的,我没有使用

filemanager
来获取文档目录路径,因为
filemanager
只给出 URL 而不是字符串。

问题:

  • 如何从文件管理器获取字符串?
  • 我的代码有可能崩溃吗?
ios swift nsfilemanager nsdocumentdirectory
3个回答
99
投票

请反过来想。

URL
是处理文件路径的推荐方法,因为它包含用于附加和删除路径组件和扩展名的所有便捷方法,而不是 Apple 从中删除了这些方法的
String

不鼓励您连接像

path = path + name
这样的路径。它很容易出错,因为您要对所有斜杠路径分隔符负责。

此外,您不需要使用

FileManager
创建文件。
Data
有一个将数据写入磁盘的方法。

let fileManager = FileManager.default
do {
    let documentDirectory = try fileManager.url(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor:nil, create:false)
    let fileURL = documentDirectory.appendingPathComponent(name)
    let image = #imageLiteral(resourceName: "Notifications")
    if let imageData = image.jpegData(compressionQuality: 0.5) {
        try imageData.write(to: fileURL)
        return true
    }
} catch {
    print(error)
}
return false

或者制作函数

throw
并将错误交给调用者

func saveFile(with name: String) throws {
    let fileManager = FileManager.default
    let documentDirectory = try fileManager.url(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor: nil, create: false)
    let fileURL = documentDirectory.appendingPathComponent(name)
    let image = #imageLiteral(resourceName: "Notifications")
    guard let imageData = image.jpegData(compressionQuality: 0.5) else { throw URLError(.cannotDecodeContentData) }
    try imageData.write(to: fileURL)
}

在 iOS 16+、macOS 13+ 中,有一种更方便的方法来获取文档目录的 URL

let documentDirectory = URL.documentsDirectory

5
投票

按照 vadian 给出的上述示例,您需要在文档目录中保存(数据)文件的唯一行是:

尝试 imageData.write(to: fileURL)

获取文件路径是有趣的部分

例如:创建文件路径

 func createNewDirPath( )->URL{ 

let dirPathNoScheme = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.documentDirectory, .userDomainMask, true)[0] as String

    //add directory path file Scheme;  some operations fail w/out it
    let dirPath = "file://\(dirPathNoScheme)"
    //name your file, make sure you get the ext right .mp3/.wav/.m4a/.mov/.whatever
    let fileName = "thisIsYourFileName.mov"
    let pathArray = [dirPath, fileName]
    let path = URL(string: pathArray.joined(separator: "/"))

    //use a guard since the result is an optional
    guard let filePath = path else {
        //if it fails do this stuff:
        return URL(string: "choose how to handle error here")!
    }
    //if it works return the filePath
    return filePath
}

调用函数:

let shinnyNewURLpath = createNewDirPath( ) 


//write data to file using one line in do/catch operation
do {
   try yourDataObject?.write(to: shinnyNewURLpath)
    } 
catch {
       print("catch error",error.localizedDescription)
 }

5
投票

我使用以下方法创建“Test.txt”文件。希望对你有帮助。

func createFile() {
    let fileName = "Test"
    let documentDirURL = try! FileManager.default.url(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor: nil, create: true)
    let fileURL = documentDirURL.appendingPathComponent(fileName).appendingPathExtension("txt")
    print("File PAth: \(fileURL.path)")
}
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