从命令行运行JDBC oracle时出现以下问题。当我在IntelliJ中运行以下代码时，它就像一个魅力，但当我尝试通过命令行运行它时
java UserInterface filldb
我收到以下错误：
发生错误：oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
如何从命令行运行此程序？
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.List;
import oracle.jdbc.driver.*;
import javax.security.auth.callback.ConfirmationCallback;
final public class DatabaseDAO implements DAO {
private String database;
private String user;
private String pass;
// establish connection to database
private Connection con;
private Statement stmt;
DatabaseDAO() throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException{
// load drivers and save user data
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
database = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@oracle-lab.cs.univie.ac.at:1521:lab";
user = "*****";
pass = "*****";
}
public void openConnection(String user, String database, String pass) throws SQLException{
con = DriverManager.getConnection(database, user, pass);
stmt = con.createStatement();
}
public void openConnection() throws SQLException{
openConnection(user, database, pass);
}
public void closeConnection() { //local exception handling so method can be called in finally block, seems safer
try {
stmt.close();
con.close();
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Fehler beim Verbindungsabbau in DatabaseDAO.closeConnection(): " + e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
}
private void printTableSize(String tablename) throws SQLException {
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " + tablename);
if (rs.next()) {
int count = rs.getInt(1);
System.out.println("Number of datasets in table " + tablename + ": "+ count);
}
rs.close();
}
private boolean insertSQL (String values, String tablename) throws SQLException {
String insertSql = "INSERT INTO " + tablename + " VALUES " + values;
stmt.executeUpdate(insertSql);
return true;
}
public void flushTable(String tablename) throws SQLException{
stmt.executeQuery("DELETE FROM " + tablename);
}
public void flushDatabase() throws SQLException {
for ( Relation r : Relation.values())
flushTable(r.toString());
}
/*
public ArrayList<String> getDatabaseEntry(int type, List<String> key) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IllegalArgumentException {
}
*/
/*
public boolean deleteDatabaseEntry(List<String> key) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException, IllegalArgumentException{}
*/
public boolean saveDatabaseEntry(Relation type, DatabaseObject entry){
boolean success = false;
try{
switch (type) {
case Firma: {
Firma e = (Firma)entry;
String values = "(" + e.getSteuerbuchummer() + "," + e.getName() + "," + e.getFirmenbuchnummer() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.Firma.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.Firma.toString());
} break;
case Template: {
Template e = (Template) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getUrl() + "," + e.getSprache() + "," + e.getIp() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.Template.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.Template.toString());
} break;
case verwendet: {
verwendet e = (verwendet) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getSteuerbuchummer() + "," + e.getUrl() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.verwendet.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.verwendet.toString());
} break;
case Unterseite: {
Unterseite e = (Unterseite) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getUrl() + "," + e.getPfad() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.Unterseite.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.Unterseite.toString());
} break;
case Verkaufsseite: {
Verkaufsseite e = (Verkaufsseite) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getUrl() + "," + e.getPfad() + ", " + e.getTitel() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.Verkaufsseite.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.Verkaufsseite.toString());
} break;
case UserAccount: {
UserAccount e = (UserAccount) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getEmail() + "," + e.getUserID() + ", " + e.getBankdaten() + ", " + e.getAdresse() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.UserAccount.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.UserAccount.toString());
} break;
case befreundet: {
befreundet e = (befreundet) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getUserID1() + "," + e.getUserID2() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.befreundet.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.befreundet.toString());
} break;
case Produkt: {
Produkt e = (Produkt) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getProduktID() + "," + e.getPreis() + "," + e.getProduktname() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.Produkt.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.Produkt.toString());
} break;
case kauftEin: {
kauftEin e = (kauftEin) entry;
String values = "(" + e.getUrl() + "," + e.getUserID() + "," + e.getPfad() + "," + e.getProduktID() + "," + e.getAnzahl() + ")";
printTableSize(Relation.kauftEin.toString());
success = insertSQL(values, Relation.kauftEin.toString());
} break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter ungueltig in DatabaseDAO.saveDatabaseEntry(Relation type, DatabaseObject entry).");
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.err.println("Fehler beim Einfuegen des Datensatzes in DatabaseDAO.saveDatabaseEntry(Relation type, DatabaseObject entry): " + e.getMessage());
success = false;
}
return success;
}
public Connection getCon() {
return con;
}
public Statement getStmt() {
return stmt;
}
}
这是主要类：
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class UserInterface {
private enum Command {
filldb, flushdb
}
private static final Command checkInput(String s){
Command[] command = Command.values();
for(int i = 0; i < command.length; i++) if (command[i].toString().equals(s)) return command[i];
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Commandline Parameter nicht erkannt. Kommandos: filldb, flushdb");
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
DatabaseDAO db = null;
try {
Command command = checkInput(args[0]);
switch(command){
case filldb: {
System.out.println("Initializing DB.");
db = new DatabaseDAO();
db.openConnection();
System.out.println("Done.\nGenerating data and filling DB (this may take a few minutes).");
TestDataGenerator tdg = new TestDataGenerator(db);
tdg.testData(Relation.Firma, 2000);
tdg.testData(Relation.Template, 2000);
tdg.testData(Relation.verwendet, 500);
tdg.testData(Relation.Unterseite, 1000);
tdg.testData(Relation.Verkaufsseite, 1000);
tdg.testData(Relation.UserAccount, 3000);
tdg.testData(Relation.Produkt, 4000);
tdg.testData(Relation.befreundet, 500);
tdg.testData(Relation.kauftEin, 1000);
System.out.println("Done. DB is now filled with several thousand entries.");
} break;
case flushdb: {
System.out.println("Flushing DB");
db.flushDatabase();
}
}
}
catch (SQLException e) {
System.err.println("Ein Fehler ist bei der Kommunikation mit der Datenbank aufgetreten: "+ e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("Klasse nicht gefunden: " + e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("Ein Fehler ist aufgetreten: "+ e.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
}
finally{
if (!db.equals(null)) db.closeConnection();
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
您需要指定包含Oracle驱动程序的类路径，Java当前只查看当前目录及其自己的类运行时。
对于窗户
java -cp .;C:\dummypath\ojdbc8.jar UserInterface filldb
对于Linux
java -cp .:/dummypath/ojdbc8.jar UserInterface filldb
.指定确保当前目录仍在类路径中，并且C:\dummypath\或/dummypath/需要替换为Oracle驱动程序jar的实际位置。
旁注：我注意到你的班级UserInterface不在一个软件包中，这对于琐碎的程序来说已经足够了，但你应该养成使用软件包的习惯。
该问题的解决方案是在执行主类时指定类路径：
java -cp。：/ home / lorenz / Code / dbs_java_l / dbs_java_l / ojdbc14.jar UserInterface filldb
谢谢大家的帮助。