如何设置对来自.NET的X.509证书的私钥文件的读取权限

问题描述 投票:29回答:6

这里是将pfx添加到Cert存储中的代码。

X509Store store = new X509Store( StoreName.My, StoreLocation.LocalMachine );
store.Open( OpenFlags.ReadWrite );
X509Certificate2 cert = new X509Certificate2( "test.pfx", "password" );
store.Add( cert );
store.Close();

但是,我找不到为NetworkService设置访问私钥的权限的方法。

谁能阐明一些想法?预先感谢。

c# .net ssl ssl-certificate
6个回答
16
投票

要以编程方式进行操作,您必须做三件事:

  1. 获取私钥文件夹的路径。

  2. 获取该文件夹中私钥的文件名。

  3. 向该文件添加权限。

请参阅this post以获取完成全部三个示例代码的示例(具体请看“ AddAccessToCertificate”方法)。


42
投票

此答案很晚,但我想将它发布给在这里搜索的其他人:

[我找到了一个MSDN博客文章,其中提供了使用CryptoKeySecurity here的解决方案,这是C#解决方案的示例:

var rsa = certificate.PrivateKey as RSACryptoServiceProvider;
if (rsa != null)
{
    // Modifying the CryptoKeySecurity of a new CspParameters and then instantiating
    // a new RSACryptoServiceProvider seems to be the trick to persist the access rule.
    // cf. http://blogs.msdn.com/b/cagatay/archive/2009/02/08/removing-acls-from-csp-key-containers.aspx
    var cspParams = new CspParameters(rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderType, rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderName, rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyContainerName)
    {
        Flags = CspProviderFlags.UseExistingKey | CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore,
        CryptoKeySecurity = rsa.CspKeyContainerInfo.CryptoKeySecurity
    };

    cspParams.CryptoKeySecurity.AddAccessRule(new CryptoKeyAccessRule(sid, CryptoKeyRights.GenericRead, AccessControlType.Allow));

    using (var rsa2 = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(cspParams))
    {
        // Only created to persist the rule change in the CryptoKeySecurity
    }
}

我正在使用SecurityIdentifier来标识帐户,但NTAccount也可以正常工作。


17
投票

如果这可以帮助其他人,我在Powershell中写了Jim Flood的答案

function Set-PrivateKeyPermissions {
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$thumbprint,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$account = "NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE"
)
#Open Certificate store and locate certificate based on provided thumbprint
$store = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store("My","LocalMachine")
$store.Open("ReadWrite")
$cert = $store.Certificates | where {$_.Thumbprint -eq $thumbprint}

#Create new CSP object based on existing certificate provider and key name
$csp = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CspParameters($cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderType, $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderName, $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyContainerName)

# Set flags and key security based on existing cert
$csp.Flags = "UseExistingKey","UseMachineKeyStore"
$csp.CryptoKeySecurity = $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.CryptoKeySecurity
$csp.KeyNumber = $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyNumber

# Create new access rule - could use parameters for permissions, but I only needed GenericRead
$access = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.CryptoKeyAccessRule($account,"GenericRead","Allow")
# Add access rule to CSP object
$csp.CryptoKeySecurity.AddAccessRule($access)

#Create new CryptoServiceProvider object which updates Key with CSP information created/modified above
$rsa2 = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider($csp)

#Close certificate store
$store.Close()

}

请注意,帐户参数也可以采用“ DOMAIN \ USER”的形式(不仅是内置名称)-我在环境中进行了测试,并自动将其转换为适当的SID


11
投票

您可以使用WinHttpCertCfg.exe tool中附带的Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit Tools

示例:

winhttpcertcfg -g -c LOCAL_MACHINE\My -s test -a NetworkService

或者,您可以使用WCF SDK附带的Find Private Key tool查找证书的私钥文件在磁盘上的位置。然后,您可以简单地使用ACL对文件设置正确的权限。

示例:

FindPrivateKey My LocalMachine -n "CN=test"

3
投票

如果有人感兴趣,这是我为Windows Server 2008找到的解决方案:http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee662329.aspx

基本上,我必须向需要使用MMC工具访问证书的服务授予权限。就像魅力一样。


0
投票

基于@russ的回答,

此版本同时适用于密钥存储提供程序和旧式加密服务提供程序。

function Set-PrivateKeyPermissions {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]$thumbprint,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]$account
    )

    #Open Certificate store and locate certificate based on provided thumbprint
    $store = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store("My","LocalMachine")
    $store.Open("ReadWrite")
    $cert = $store.Certificates | where {$_.Thumbprint -eq $thumbprint}

    if ($cert.PrivateKey -Eq $null) {
        # Probably using Key Storage Provider rather than crypto service provider
        $rsaCert = [System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.RSACertificateExtensions]::GetRSAPrivateKey($cert)
        if ($rsaCert -Eq $null) {
            throw "Private key on certificate $($cert.Subject) not available"
        }

        $fileName = $rsaCert.key.UniqueName
        $path = "$env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\Microsoft\Crypto\Keys\$fileName"
        $permissions = Get-Acl -Path $path

        $access_rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule($account, "FullControl", "Allow")
        $permissions.AddAccessRule($access_rule)
        Set-Acl -Path $path -AclObject $permissions
    } else {
        #Create new CSP object based on existing certificate provider and key name
        $csp = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CspParameters($cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderType, $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.ProviderName, $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyContainerName)

        # Set flags and key security based on existing cert
        $csp.Flags = "UseExistingKey","UseMachineKeyStore"
        $csp.CryptoKeySecurity = $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.CryptoKeySecurity
        $csp.KeyNumber = $cert.PrivateKey.CspKeyContainerInfo.KeyNumber

        # Create new access rule - could use parameters for permissions, but I only needed GenericRead
        $access = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.CryptoKeyAccessRule($account,"GenericRead","Allow")
        # Add access rule to CSP object
        $csp.CryptoKeySecurity.AddAccessRule($access)

        #Create new CryptoServiceProvider object which updates Key with CSP information created/modified above
        $rsa2 = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider($csp)
    }

    #Close certificate store
    $store.Close()
}
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