我试图在Python中运行Selenium Webdriver脚本来执行一些基本任务。当通过Selenium IDE界面运行时,我可以让机器人完美地运行(即:当简单地让GUI重复我的动作时)。但是,当我将代码导出为Python脚本并尝试从命令行执行时,Firefox浏览器将打开但无法访问起始URL(错误将返回到命令行并且程序停止)。无论我试图访问什么网站等,这都发生在我身上。
我在这里包含了一个非常基本的代码用于演示目的。我不认为我已正确包含代码的代理部分,因为返回的错误似乎是由代理生成的。
任何帮助将非常感激。
以下代码仅用于打开www.google.ie并搜索“selenium”一词。对我来说它打开一个空白的Firefox浏览器并停止。
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
import unittest, time, re
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import *
class Testrobot2(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
myProxy = "http://149.215.113.110:70"
proxy = Proxy({
'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
'httpProxy': myProxy,
'ftpProxy': myProxy,
'sslProxy': myProxy,
'noProxy':''})
self.driver = webdriver.Firefox(proxy=proxy)
self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)
self.base_url = "https://www.google.ie/"
self.verificationErrors = []
self.accept_next_alert = True
def test_robot2(self):
driver = self.driver
driver.get(self.base_url + "/#gs_rn=17&gs_ri=psy-ab&suggest=p&cp=6&gs_id=ix&xhr=t&q=selenium&es_nrs=true&pf=p&output=search&sclient=psy-ab&oq=seleni&gs_l=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&bvm=bv.47883778,d.ZGU&fp=7c0d9024de9ac6ab&biw=592&bih=665")
driver.find_element_by_id("gbqfq").clear()
driver.find_element_by_id("gbqfq").send_keys("selenium")
def is_element_present(self, how, what):
try: self.driver.find_element(by=how, value=what)
except NoSuchElementException, e: return False
return True
def is_alert_present(self):
try: self.driver.switch_to_alert()
except NoAlertPresentException, e: return False
return True
def close_alert_and_get_its_text(self):
try:
alert = self.driver.switch_to_alert()
alert_text = alert.text
if self.accept_next_alert:
alert.accept()
else:
alert.dismiss()
return alert_text
finally: self.accept_next_alert = True
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
self.assertEqual([], self.verificationErrors)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
这样的事情怎么样?
PROXY = "149.215.113.110:70"
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX['proxy'] = {
"httpProxy":PROXY,
"ftpProxy":PROXY,
"sslProxy":PROXY,
"noProxy":None,
"proxyType":"MANUAL",
"class":"org.openqa.selenium.Proxy",
"autodetect":False
}
# you have to use remote, otherwise you'll have to code it yourself in python to
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
你可以阅读更多关于它here。
正如@Dugini所说,一些config entries已被删除。最大:
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX['proxy'] = {
"httpProxy":PROXY,
"ftpProxy":PROXY,
"sslProxy":PROXY,
"noProxy":[],
"proxyType":"MANUAL"
}
以这种方式为我工作(类似于@Amey和@ user4642224代码,但更短一点):
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy, ProxyType
prox = Proxy()
prox.proxy_type = ProxyType.MANUAL
prox.http_proxy = "ip_addr:port"
prox.socks_proxy = "ip_addr:port"
prox.ssl_proxy = "ip_addr:port"
capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
prox.add_to_capabilities(capabilities)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=capabilities)
我的解决方案
def my_proxy(PROXY_HOST,PROXY_PORT):
fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
# Direct = 0, Manual = 1, PAC = 2, AUTODETECT = 4, SYSTEM = 5
print PROXY_PORT
print PROXY_HOST
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 1)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.http",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.http_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("general.useragent.override","whater_useragent")
fp.update_preferences()
return webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
然后调用你的代码:
my_proxy(PROXY_HOST,PROXY_PORT)
我有这个代码的问题,因为我传递一个字符串作为端口#:
PROXY_PORT="31280"
这个很重要:
int("31280")
您必须传递整数而不是字符串,否则您的firefox配置文件将不会设置为正确的端口,并且通过代理连接将无法正常工作。
如果有人在这里寻找解决方案的方法如下:
from selenium import webdriver
PROXY = "YOUR_PROXY_ADDRESS_HERE"
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX['proxy']={
"httpProxy":PROXY,
"ftpProxy":PROXY,
"sslProxy":PROXY,
"noProxy":None,
"proxyType":"MANUAL",
"autodetect":False
}
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.whatsmyip.org/')
尝试设置socks5代理。我遇到了同样的问题,它通过使用socks代理解决了
def install_proxy(PROXY_HOST,PROXY_PORT):
fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
print PROXY_PORT
print PROXY_HOST
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 1)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.http",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.http_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.https",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.https_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.ssl",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.ssl_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.ftp",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.ftp_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.socks",PROXY_HOST)
fp.set_preference("network.proxy.socks_port",int(PROXY_PORT))
fp.set_preference("general.useragent.override","Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_3) AppleWebKit/537.75.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0.3 Safari/7046A194A")
fp.update_preferences()
return webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=fp)
然后从你的程序中调用install_proxy ( ip , port )
。
尝试设置FirefoxProfile
from selenium import webdriver
import time
"Define Both ProxyHost and ProxyPort as String"
ProxyHost = "54.84.95.51"
ProxyPort = "8083"
def ChangeProxy(ProxyHost ,ProxyPort):
"Define Firefox Profile with you ProxyHost and ProxyPort"
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 1)
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.http", ProxyHost )
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.http_port", int(ProxyPort))
profile.update_preferences()
return webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)
def FixProxy():
""Reset Firefox Profile""
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("network.proxy.type", 0)
return webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)
driver = ChangeProxy(ProxyHost ,ProxyPort)
driver.get("http://whatismyipaddress.com")
time.sleep(5)
driver = FixProxy()
driver.get("http://whatismyipaddress.com")
该程序在Windows 8和Mac OSX上都经过测试。如果您使用的是Mac OSX,如果您没有更新硒,那么您可能会遇到selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException
。如果是这样,请在升级硒后再试一次
pip install -U selenium
代理验证。这是一个全新的python脚本,参考了Mykhail Martsyniuk示例脚本。
# Load webdriver
from selenium import webdriver
# Load proxy option
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import Proxy, ProxyType
# Configure Proxy Option
prox = Proxy()
prox.proxy_type = ProxyType.MANUAL
# Proxy IP & Port
prox.http_proxy = “0.0.0.0:00000”
prox.socks_proxy = “0.0.0.0:00000”
prox.ssl_proxy = “0.0.0.0:00000”
# Configure capabilities
capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME
prox.add_to_capabilities(capabilities)
# Configure ChromeOptions
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/usr/local/share chromedriver',desired_capabilities=capabilities)
# Verify proxy ip
driver.get("http://www.whatsmyip.org/")
上述结果可能是正确的,但不适用于最新的webdriver。以下是我对上述问题的解决方案。简单而甜蜜
http_proxy = "ip_addr:port"
https_proxy = "ip_addr:port"
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX['proxy']={
"httpProxy":http_proxy,
"sslProxy":https_proxy,
"proxyType":"MANUAL"
}
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
要么
http_proxy = "http://ip:port"
https_proxy = "https://ip:port"
proxyDict = {
"http" : http_proxy,
"https" : https_proxy,
}
driver = webdriver.Firefox(proxy=proxyDict)
尝试运行tor服务,将以下函数添加到您的代码中。
def connect_tor(port):
socks.set_default_proxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, '127.0.0.1', port, True)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
def main():
connect_tor()
driver = webdriver.Firefox()