子查询Django查询以获取最大的离散值

Question

所以我有这个查询，我需要重新过滤以从不同的计量器ID中获取最大的taked_at字段的值，但是我无法让Django orm的/ sql部分进行此查询。

<QuerySet [<Reading: [127] meter installation: 29, type: 1, taken: 2019-10-07 16:06:48.101453+00:00 value: 78.0000, comment: , VAT: 22.00>, <Reading: [126] meter installation: 41, type: 2, taken: 2019-10-07 14:05:32.415905+00:00 value: 7.0000, comment: asdfe, VAT: None>, <Reading: [125] meter installation: 41, type: 2, taken: 2019-10-07 14:02:37.588983+00:00 value: 7.0000, comment: asdfe, VAT: None>, <Reading: [124] meter installation: 49, type: 2, taken: 2019-10-07 12:19:49.067398+00:00 value: 8.0000, comment: , VAT: 2.00>

此查询包含许多Reading对象，但我需要从不同的仪表安装中获得最大的take_at值，我尝试进行注释，然后与众不同，但它们不是一起实现的，因此对SQL有点新任何帮助都会很棒！

reading.py

class Reading(DateTrackedModel):
    meter_installation = models.ForeignKey(
        "MeterInstallation",
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name="readings",
        null=False,
        blank=False,
        verbose_name=_("Meter Installation"),
    )
    value = models.DecimalField(
        decimal_places=4, max_digits=10, null=False, blank=False, default=0, verbose_name=_("Value")
    )
    price = models.DecimalField(
        decimal_places=4, max_digits=10, null=False, blank=False, default=0, verbose_name=_("Price")
    )
    reading_type = models.ForeignKey(
        "MeterType",
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        null=False,
        blank=False,
        related_name="readings",
        verbose_name=_("Reading type"),
    )
    comment = models.TextField(null=False, blank=True, verbose_name=_("Comment"))
    taken_at = models.DateTimeField(null=False, default=now, blank=False, verbose_name=_("Taken at"))
    VAT = models.DecimalField(decimal_places=2, max_digits=10, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name=_("VAT"))
    unit_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=False, blank=True, unique=False, verbose_name=_("Unit name"))
    unit_price = models.DecimalField(
        decimal_places=4, max_digits=10, null=False, blank=False, default=0.0, verbose_name=_("Unit price")
    )

仪表安装模型：

class MeterInstallation(ActiveAfterUntilModel, DateTrackedModel, MPTTModel, NamedModel):  # type: ignore
    meter_type = models.ForeignKey(
        MeterType,
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        null=False,
        blank=False,
        related_name="installations",
        verbose_name=_("Meter Installation type"),
    )
    parent = TreeForeignKey(
        "self", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True, related_name="children", db_index=True
    )
    meter = models.ForeignKey(
        Meter, on_delete=models.PROTECT, related_name="installations", null=False, blank=False, verbose_name=_("Meter")
    )
    building = models.ForeignKey(
        Building,
        on_delete=models.PROTECT,
        related_name="meter_installations",
        null=True,
        blank=False,
        verbose_name=_("Building"),
    )
    places = models.ManyToManyField(Place, related_name="meter_installations", blank=False, verbose_name=_("Places"))
    initial_reading = models.DecimalField(
        decimal_places=4, max_digits=10, null=False, blank=False, default=0, verbose_name=_("Initial reading")
    )
    final_reading = models.DecimalField(
        decimal_places=4, max_digits=10, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name=_("Final reading")
    )

Answer 1

尚不清楚Reading QuerySet的当前状态如何，但是可以在文档中找到here来完成所需的常规操作。您的情况应该是这样的：

reading_qs.values('meter_installation').annotate(max_taken_at=models.Max('taken_at'))