如何使用SQL创建Update命令

Question

我在设置应用程序时遇到了问题。我想帮助在数据库中开发更新命令。我已经尝试过几种方式，但由于我使用TextBox小部件的原因很简单，这个过程要复杂得多。正如您所看到的，我完成了插入和删除值的所有艰苦工作，但我只需要知道如何更新它们。

from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *
import tkinter
import sqlite3


class cadastro:
    # connection dir property----------------------------------------------------
    # propriedade do dir de conexão------------------------------------------------
    db_name = 'database.db'

    def __init__(self, window):

        # Initializations ----------------------------------------------  
        #Inicializações --------------------------------------------------
        self.wind = window
        self.wind.title('cadastro DataSet')


        # Creating a Frame Container ------------------------------------------------  
        #Criando um Contêiner de Quadro-------------------------------------------
        frame = LabelFrame(self.wind, text = 'Registrar novo cadastro')
        frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3, pady = 20)


        # Name Input------------------------------------------------------
        Label(frame, text = 'Name: ').grid(row = 1, column = 0)
        self.name = Text(frame, width=20,height=3)
        self.name.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.name.focus()
        self.name.grid(row = 1, column = 1)


        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.name.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.name['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        Label(frame, text = 'Description: ').grid(row = 2, column = 0)
        self.description = Text(frame, width=20,height=3)
        self.description.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.description.focus()
        self.description.grid(row = 2, column = 1)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.description.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.description['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        Label(frame, text = 'Local: ').grid(row = 3, column = 0)
        self.local = Text(frame,width=20,height=3)
        self.local.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.local.focus()
        self.local.grid(row = 3, column = 1)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.local.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.local['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        self.tree = ttk.Treeview(frame,columns=("Name", "Description"))
        self.tree.heading("#0", text="Name", anchor= CENTER)
        self.tree.heading("#1", text="Description", anchor= CENTER)
        self.tree.heading("#2", text="Local", anchor= CENTER)        
        self.tree.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 5, ipady=10)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.tree.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=4, column=5, sticky='ns', rowspan=1)
        self.tree['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set

        # Button Add cadastro --------------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'Inserir', command = self.add_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 1, sticky = W + E)
        #Botão para excluir cadastro--------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'DELETE', command = self.delete_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W + E)
        #Botão para atualizar cadastro------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'EDIT', command = self.edit_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 3, sticky = W + E)

        # Output Messages ------------------------------------------------------
        # Mensagens de Saída ---------------------------------------------------
        self.message = Label(text = '', fg = 'red')
        self.message.grid(row = 7, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W + E)


        # Filling the Rows-------------------------------------------------------
        # Preenchendo as filas----------------------------------------------------
        self.get_cadastro()

    # Function to Execute Database Querys----------------------------------------------
    # Função para executar bancos de dados --------------------------------------------
    def run_query(self, query, parameters = ()):
        with sqlite3.connect(self.db_name) as conn:
            cursor = conn.cursor()
            cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS cadastro (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY , name TEXT, description TEXT, local TEXT)")
            result = cursor.execute(query, parameters)
            conn.commit()
        return result

    def get_cadastro(self):
        # cleaning Table ----------------------------------------------------------------
        # mesa de limpeza------------------------------------------------------------------
        records = self.tree.get_children()
        for element in records:
            self.tree.delete(element) 

        query = 'SELECT * FROM cadastro ORDER BY name DESC'
        db_rows = self.run_query(query)


        for row in db_rows:

            self.tree.insert('', 0, text = row[1], values = (row[2],row[3]))

    # Validação De Entrada De Usuário -----------------------------------------------------
    def validation(self):
        return (self.name.get(1.0, END)),(self.description.get(1.0, END), (self.local.get(1.0, END)))

    def add_cadastro(self):
        if self.validation():
            query = 'INSERT INTO cadastro VALUES(NULL, ?, ?, ?)'
            parameters =  (self.name.get(1.0, END), self.description.get(1.0, END), self.local.get(1.0, END))
            self.run_query(query, parameters)
            self.message['text'] = 'cadastro {} added Successfully'.format(self.name.get(1.0, END))
            self.name.delete(1.0, END)
            self.description.delete(1.0, END)
            self.local.delete(1.0, END)
        else:
            self.message['text'] = 'Name and Data is Required'
        self.get_cadastro()

    def delete_cadastro(self):
        self.message['text'] = ''
        try:
           self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text'][0]
        except IndexError as e:
            self.message['text'] = 'Please select a Record'
            return
        self.message['text'] = ''
        name = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text']
        query = 'DELETE FROM cadastro WHERE name = ?'
        self.run_query(query, (name, ))
        self.message['text'] = 'Record {} deleted Successfully'.format(name)
        self.get_cadastro()

    def edit_cadastro(self):
        self.message['text'] = ''
        try:
            self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][0]
        except IndexError as e:
            self.message['text'] = 'Please, select Record'
            return
        name = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text']
        description = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][0]
        local = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][1]

        self.edit_wind = Toplevel()
        self.edit_wind.title = 'Edit Civilization'
        frame2 = LabelFrame(self.edit_wind, text = 'Registros atuais,janela de visualização avançada.')
        frame2.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3, pady = 20)

        self.nomelab = Label(frame2, text = 'Name: ').grid(row = 1, column = 0)


        message2 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=50)
        message2.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message2.insert(END, name)
        message2.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

        self.descriptlab = Label(frame2, text = 'Description: ').grid(row = 3, column = 0)

        message3 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=34)
        message3.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message3.insert(END, description)
        message3.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

        self.locallab = Label(frame2, text = 'Local: ').grid(row = 5, column = 0)

        message4 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=34)
        message4.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message4.insert(END, local)
        message4.grid(row = 6, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    window = Tk()

    application = cadastro(window)
    window.mainloop()

Answer 1

添加如下功能：

def update_castro(self, old_name, message2, message3, message4):
        message2 = message2.get(1.0, END)
        message3 = message3.get(1.0, END)
        message4 = message4.get(1.0, END)

        query = 'UPDATE cadastro set name = ?, description = ?, local = ? WHERE name = ?'
        self.run_query(query, (message2, message3, message4, old_name ))

        self.get_cadastro()
        self.edit_wind.destroy()

并在edit_wind中添加一个名为Update的按钮：

        ttk.Button(
            frame2, text = 'Update', 
            command = lambda: self.update_castro(name, message2, message3, message4)
        ).grid(row = 7, column = 3, sticky = W + E)

或直接使用下面的代码:)

from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *
import tkinter
import sqlite3


class cadastro:
    # connection dir property----------------------------------------------------
    # propriedade do dir de conexão------------------------------------------------
    db_name = 'database.db'

    def __init__(self, window):

        # Initializations ----------------------------------------------  
        #Inicializações --------------------------------------------------
        self.wind = window
        self.wind.title('cadastro DataSet')


        # Creating a Frame Container ------------------------------------------------  
        #Criando um Contêiner de Quadro-------------------------------------------
        frame = LabelFrame(self.wind, text = 'Registrar novo cadastro')
        frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3, pady = 20)


        # Name Input------------------------------------------------------
        Label(frame, text = 'Name: ').grid(row = 1, column = 0)
        self.name = Text(frame, width=20,height=3)
        self.name.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.name.focus()
        self.name.grid(row = 1, column = 1)


        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.name.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.name['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        Label(frame, text = 'Description: ').grid(row = 2, column = 0)
        self.description = Text(frame, width=20,height=3)
        self.description.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.description.focus()
        self.description.grid(row = 2, column = 1)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.description.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.description['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        Label(frame, text = 'Local: ').grid(row = 3, column = 0)
        self.local = Text(frame,width=20,height=3)
        self.local.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        self.local.focus()
        self.local.grid(row = 3, column = 1)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.local.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=3, column=1, sticky='ns', columnspan=3)
        self.local['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set


        self.tree = ttk.Treeview(frame,columns=("Name", "Description"))
        self.tree.heading("#0", text="Name", anchor= CENTER)
        self.tree.heading("#1", text="Description", anchor= CENTER)
        self.tree.heading("#2", text="Local", anchor= CENTER)        
        self.tree.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 5, ipady=10)

        self.scrollb = Scrollbar(frame, command=self.tree.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=4, column=5, sticky='ns', rowspan=1)
        self.tree['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set

        # Button Add cadastro --------------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'Inserir', command = self.add_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 1, sticky = W + E)
        #Botão para excluir cadastro--------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'DELETE', command = self.delete_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 2, sticky = W + E)
        #Botão para atualizar cadastro------------------------------------------
        ttk.Button(frame, text = 'EDIT', command = self.edit_cadastro).grid(row = 5, column = 3, sticky = W + E)

        # Output Messages ------------------------------------------------------
        # Mensagens de Saída ---------------------------------------------------
        self.message = Label(text = '', fg = 'red')
        self.message.grid(row = 7, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = W + E)


        # Filling the Rows-------------------------------------------------------
        # Preenchendo as filas----------------------------------------------------
        self.get_cadastro()

    # Function to Execute Database Querys----------------------------------------------
    # Função para executar bancos de dados --------------------------------------------
    def run_query(self, query, parameters = ()):
        with sqlite3.connect(self.db_name) as conn:
            cursor = conn.cursor()
            cursor.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS cadastro (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY , name TEXT, description TEXT, local TEXT)")
            result = cursor.execute(query, parameters)
            conn.commit()
        return result

    def get_cadastro(self):
        # cleaning Table ----------------------------------------------------------------
        # mesa de limpeza------------------------------------------------------------------
        records = self.tree.get_children()
        for element in records:
            self.tree.delete(element) 

        query = 'SELECT * FROM cadastro ORDER BY name DESC'
        db_rows = self.run_query(query)


        for row in db_rows:

            self.tree.insert('', 0, text = row[1], values = (row[2],row[3]))

    # Validação De Entrada De Usuário -----------------------------------------------------
    def validation(self):
        return (self.name.get(1.0, END)),(self.description.get(1.0, END), (self.local.get(1.0, END)))

    def add_cadastro(self):
        if self.validation():
            query = 'INSERT INTO cadastro VALUES(NULL, ?, ?, ?)'
            parameters =  (self.name.get(1.0, END), self.description.get(1.0, END), self.local.get(1.0, END))
            self.run_query(query, parameters)
            self.message['text'] = 'cadastro {} added Successfully'.format(self.name.get(1.0, END))
            self.name.delete(1.0, END)
            self.description.delete(1.0, END)
            self.local.delete(1.0, END)
        else:
            self.message['text'] = 'Name and Data is Required'
        self.get_cadastro()

    def delete_cadastro(self):
        self.message['text'] = ''
        try:
           self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text'][0]
        except IndexError as e:
            self.message['text'] = 'Please select a Record'
            return
        self.message['text'] = ''
        name = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text']
        query = 'DELETE FROM cadastro WHERE name = ?'
        self.run_query(query, (name, ))
        self.message['text'] = 'Record {} deleted Successfully'.format(name)
        self.get_cadastro()

    def edit_cadastro(self):
        self.message['text'] = ''
        try:
            self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][0]
        except IndexError as e:
            self.message['text'] = 'Please, select Record'
            return
        name = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['text']
        description = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][0]
        local = self.tree.item(self.tree.selection())['values'][1]

        self.edit_wind = Toplevel()
        self.edit_wind.title = 'Edit Civilization'
        frame2 = LabelFrame(self.edit_wind, text = 'Registros atuais,janela de visualização avançada.')
        frame2.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3, pady = 20)

        self.nomelab = Label(frame2, text = 'Name: ').grid(row = 1, column = 0)


        message2 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=50)
        message2.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message2.insert(END, name)
        message2.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

        self.descriptlab = Label(frame2, text = 'Description: ').grid(row = 3, column = 0)

        message3 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=34)
        message3.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message3.insert(END, description)
        message3.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

        self.locallab = Label(frame2, text = 'Local: ').grid(row = 5, column = 0)

        message4 = Text(frame2, height=5, width=34)
        message4.config(font=("consolas", 12), undo=True, wrap='word')
        message4.insert(END, local)
        message4.grid(row = 6, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = W + E)

        ttk.Button(
            frame2, text = 'Update', 
            command = lambda: self.update_castro(name, message2, message3, message4)
        ).grid(row = 7, column = 3, sticky = W + E)

    def update_castro(self, old_name, message2, message3, message4):
        message2 = message2.get(1.0, END)
        message3 = message3.get(1.0, END)
        message4 = message4.get(1.0, END)

        query = 'UPDATE cadastro set name = ?, description = ?, local = ? WHERE name = ?'
        self.run_query(query, (message2, message3, message4, old_name ))

        self.get_cadastro()
        self.edit_wind.destroy()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    window = Tk()

    application = cadastro(window)
    window.mainloop()