如何在Go中读取JSON对象而不对其进行解码(用于读取大数据流)

问题描述 投票:-2回答:1

我正在读取JSON以响应HTTP端点,并希望提取嵌套在其中的对象数组的内容。响应可能很大,所以我正在尝试使用流方法而不是仅使用json。 JSON如下所示:

{
"useless_thing_1": { /* etc */ },
"useless_thing_2": { /* etc */ },
"the_things_i_want": [
  { /* complex object I want to json.Unmarshal #1 */ },
  { /* complex object I want to json.Unmarshal #2 */ },
  { /* complex object I want to json.Unmarshal #3 */ },
  /* could be many thousands of these */
],
"useless_thing_3": { /* etc */ },
}

Go随附的json库具有json.Unmarshal,它对于完整的JSON对象非常有效。它还具有json.Decoder,可以解组全部对象或提供单独的令牌。我可以使用此令牌生成器仔细地进行操作并提取内容,但是这样做的逻辑有些复杂,因此在将其作为令牌读取后,我无法轻易在对象上仍然使用json.Unmarshal

json.Decoder被缓冲,这使得很难读取一个对象(即{ /* complex object I want to json.Unmarshal #1 */ }),然后自己使用,并创建一个新的json.Decoder-因为它将尝试使用逗号本身。这是我尝试过但仍无法完成的方法。

我正在寻找一个更好的解决方案。当我尝试手动使用逗号时,这是损坏的代码:

// code here that naively looks for `"the_things_i_want": [` and
// puts the next bytes after that in `buffer`

// this is the rest of the stream starting from `{ /* complex object I want to json.Unmarshal #1 */ },`
in := io.MultiReader(buffer, res.Body) 

dec := json.NewDecoder(in)

for {

    var p MyComplexThing
    err := dec.Decode(&p)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    // steal the comma from in directly - this does not work because the decoder buffer's its input
    var b1 [1]byte
    _, err = io.ReadAtLeast(in, b1[:], 1) // returns random data from later in the stream
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    switch b1[0] {
    case ',':
        // skip over it
    case ']':
        break // we're done
    default:
        panic(fmt.Errorf("Unexpected result from read %#v", b1))
    }
}
json go stream decode unmarshalling
1个回答
0
投票

使用Decoder.TokenDecoder.More将JSON文档解码为流。]​​>

使用Decoder.Token在文档中浏览至关注点。调用Decoder.Decode将JSON值解组为Go值。根据需要重复,以获取所有感兴趣的值。

下面是一些带有注释的代码,解释了其工作方式:

func decode(r io.Reader) error {
    d := json.NewDecoder(r)

    // We expect that the JSON document is an object.
    if err := expect(d, json.Delim('{')); err != nil {
        return err
    }

    // While there are fields in the object...
    for d.More() {

        // Get field name
        t, err := d.Token()
        if err != nil {
            return err
        }

        // Skip value if not the field that we are looking for.
        if t != "the_things_i_want" {
            if err := skip(d); err != nil {
                return err
            }
            continue
        }

        // We expect JSON array value for the field.
        if err := expect(d, json.Delim('[')); err != nil {
            return err
        }

        // While there are more JSON array elements...
        for d.More() {

            // Unmarshal and process the array element.

            var m map[string]interface{}
            if err := d.Decode(&m); err != nil {
                return err
            }
            fmt.Printf("found %v\n", m)
        }

        // We are done decoding the array.
        return nil

    }
    return errors.New("things I want not found")
}

// skip skips the next value in the JSON document.
func skip(d *json.Decoder) error {
    n := 0
    for {
        t, err := d.Token()
        if err != nil {
            return err
        }
        switch t {
        case json.Delim('['), json.Delim('{'):
            n++
        case json.Delim(']'), json.Delim('}'):
            n--
        }
        if n == 0 {
            return nil
        }
    }
}

// expect returns an error if the next token in the document is not expectedT.
func expect(d *json.Decoder, expectedT interface{}) error {
    t, err := d.Token()
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    if t != expectedT {
        return fmt.Errorf("got token %v, want token %v", t, expectedT)
    }
    return nil
}

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