Python程序和MySQL之间的连接丢失

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

为什么会出现这个错误?

Mysql.connector.errors.DatabaseError: 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server n '3.XX.XXX.89' (110)

我正在从MQTT broker收集数据并将其存储在MySQL数据库中。为了订阅MQTT broker的主题,我使用Paho MQTT客户端,为了连接MySQL数据库服务器,我使用MySQL python连接器。

import mysql.connector
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

#Mysql Settings
db = mysql.connector.connect(host='localhost',
                     user='user_name',
                     password='password',
                     db='db_name')

if db.is_connected():
   db_Info = db.get_server_info()
   print("Connected to MySQL Server version ", db_Info)

cursor = db.cursor()

#MQTT Settings
MQTT_Broker = "3.XX.XXX.89"
MQTT_Port = 1883
Keep_Alive_Interval = 60
MQTT_Topic = "my/publish/#"

#Subscribe
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
    mqttc.subscribe(MQTT_Topic, 0)
    print("subscribed")

#Save data into DB Table
def on_message(mosq, obj, msg):
    print("Insert from MQTT")
    print("wait")
    print(msg.topic+" "+str(msg.qos)+" "+str(msg.payload))
    sql = """INSERT INTO gnss (topic, gnssdata) VALUES (%s,%s)"""
    tuple = (msg.topic, msg.payload)
    cursor.execute(sql, tuple)
    db.commit()
    print("Record inserted successfully into gnss table")


def on_subscribe(mosq, obj, mid, granted_qos):
    pass

mqttc = mqtt.Client()

#Assign Event Callbacks
mqttc.on_message = on_message
mqttc.on_connect = on_connect
mqttc.on_subscribe = on_subscribe

#Connect
mqttc.connect(MQTT_Broker, int(MQTT_Port), int(Keep_Alive_Interval))

#Continue the network loop and close db connection
mqttc.loop_forever()
db.close()
print("MySQL connection is closed")

在这个虚拟服务器上安装了Mosquitto for mqtt和mysql server.首先当我运行这个脚本时,所有来自MQTT broker的数据都被收集并存储到mysql数据库中。这一天的工作都很正常。第二天,在没有做任何修改的情况下,我向MQTT broker发送了数据。这些数据被paho mqtt客户端收集,但它无法将这些数据存储在mysql数据库中,错误和输出如下。

('Connected to MySQL Server version ', '5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1')
subscribed
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 acc, 10245, tyu
Record inserted successfully into gnss table
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 hello world
Record inserted successfully into gnss table
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 hello world
Record inserted successfully into gnss table
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 new test
Record inserted successfully into gnss table
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 19/05/2020
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 19/05/2020
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 Tuesday
Insert from MQTT
wait
my/publish/topic 0 Tuesday
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "mqtt.py", line 8, in <module>
    db='nrf91')
  File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/__init__.py", line 264, in connect
    return CMySQLConnection(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/connection_cext.py", line 80, in __init__
    self.connect(**kwargs)
  File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/abstracts.py", line 960, in connect
    self._open_connection()
  File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/connection_cext.py", line 219, in _open_connection
    sqlstate=exc.sqlstate)
mysql.connector.errors.DatabaseError: 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '3.XX.XXX.89' (110)

我得到这个mysql连接器数据库错误。如何解决这个错误?最初有连接到mysql服务器,但第二天就没有了。那么如何让它一直连接到mysql服务器上,而不引起这个错误呢?

python mysql mysql-connector mysql-connector-python
1个回答
1
投票

客户端(比如你的python程序)和MySQL之间的连接在不使用时不会永远保持开放。 MySQL会在其 wait_timeoutinteractive_timeout,过期作废。

听起来你的程序整天工作,整夜睡觉(就像Monty Python笑话里的伐木工)。当它醒来时,它没有连接到数据库,因为MySQL关闭了它。

你能对这个问题做什么?按照我的喜好顺序。

  1. 在你的程序处理每一个排队的项目之前,执行一个无操作的操作,比如说 SELECT 1;. 如果该操作抛出异常,则重新打开数据库连接。这是一个很好的解决方案,因为如果MySQL数据库服务器必须重新启动,它使你的应用程序更具弹性。有时,云提供商(AWS、Azure、Digital Ocean等)不得不将主机退出服务。当他们这样做时,他们会弹出客户的虚拟机,以便他们可以在新的主机上启动。如果你很幸运,他们会先警告你。

  2. 更新你的程序,使它在工作队列变空时关闭数据库连接,并在有工作要做时重新打开它。

  3. 每隔一段时间(一分钟?)做一次no-op。SELECT 1; 作为一个keepalive,这样MySQL就不会关闭连接。

  4. 改变 wait_timeout 值到足够长的东西。这将其设置为一周。

SET @@GLOBAL.wait_timeout=604800

使用 86400 一天的时间。

知道如何设置超时也很有用,因为它可以让你测试你对这个问题的解决方案,而不需要等待很长时间。

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