我在Travis builds上出现导入错误,该错误与烧瓶的配置有关:
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object('config')
在本地计算机上,flask应用正确运行。但是在travis上是错误跟踪
$ nosetests --with-coverage --cover-package=core
E.........................
======================================================================
ERROR: Failure: ImportStringError (import_string() failed for 'config'. Possible reasons are:
- missing __init__.py in a package;
- package or module path not included in sys.path;
- duplicated package or module name taking precedence in sys.path;
- missing module, class, function or variable;
Debugged import:
- 'config' not found.
Original exception:
ImportError: No module named config)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/loader.py", line 414, in loadTestsFromName
addr.filename, addr.module)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/importer.py", line 47, in importFromPath
return self.importFromDir(dir_path, fqname)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nose/importer.py", line 94, in importFromDir
mod = load_module(part_fqname, fh, filename, desc)
File "/home/travis/build/dzlab/sentimentpy/webapp/app/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
app.config.from_object('config')
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/config.py", line 162, in from_object
obj = import_string(obj)
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/utils.py", line 426, in import_string
sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/home/travis/virtualenv/python2.7_with_system_site_packages/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/utils.py", line 408, in import_string
return __import__(import_name)
ImportStringError: import_string() failed for 'config'. Possible reasons are:
- missing __init__.py in a package;
- package or module path not included in sys.path;
- duplicated package or module name taking precedence in sys.path;
- missing module, class, function or variable;
我的配置出了什么问题?
import_string仅需要绝对模块导入。由于config
不是顶级模块,而是webapp
的一部分,因此需要指定webapp.config
。参见http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.10/config/#configuring-from-files:
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object('yourapplication.default_settings')
app.config.from_envvar('YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS')
我最近遇到了这个问题,直到第二天我顿悟后才看了马库斯的回答才知道。
以防万一有人在寻找从config.py
加载配置的解决方案,并且flask应用正在使用包结构,然后确保为config类提供完整的[[classpath app.config.from_object()
中的文件。
myproj/app/config.py
中有一个配置myproj
,而具有该配置的类文件是DevelopmentConfig
。您需要提供以下信息:app.config.from_object('app.config.DevelopmentConfig')
另一个例子是,如果您将相同的文件放在myproj/instance/config.py
下,则称它为:
app.config.from_object('instance.config.DevelopmentConfig')
在开发应用程序期间,最简单的更改设置方法是将环境变量放入myapp/.env
文件中,如下所示:
FLASK_APP=app APP_SETTINGS="app.config.DevelopmentConfig"
并在app.config.from_object()
调用中使用变量:
app.config.from_object(os.environ['APP_SETTINGS'])
但是请记住,要使.env生效,您需要使用flask run
启动您的应用程序,而不是直接运行该应用程序。