如何将CSV数据点加载到R中的shapefile上？

Question

我正在尝试将CS​​V数据中的星巴克位置绘制到我已加载的城市shapefile中。我想本质上用城市shapefile上的星巴克位置创建一个热图或简单散点图。 csv文件具有经度和纬度点。

这是我到目前为止的代码，但是在将两个文件合并在一起时遇到了麻烦。请让我知道是否可以帮助您！

install.packages("sp")
install.packages("sf")

library(sf)
library(sp)

dallas_starbucks <- st_read("STREETS.shp")
st_geometry_type(dallas_starbucks)
st_crs(dallas_starbucks)
st_bbox(dallas_starbucks)
dallas_starbucks

ggplot() + 
geom_sf(data = dallas_starbucks, size = 5, color = "white", fill = "blue") +
ggtitle("Starbucks in Dallas") +
coord_sf()

starbucks_location <- read.csv("dallas_starbucks_directory.csv")
head(starbucks_locations)

----- 
dallas1 <- merge(dallas_starbucks, starbucks_location, by.x='Longitude', by.y='Latitude')

---我也尝试过PBSmapping包，但是我被卡住了：

install.packages("PBSmapping")
library(PBSmapping)
sbx <- read.csv("dallas_starbucks_directory.csv")
sbx <- points(sbx$Longitude, sbx$Latitude)
library(dplyr)

shapefile：https://gis.dallascityhall.com/shapefileDownload.aspx（达拉斯街市）

dput(head(starbucks_location)):

structure(list(Brand = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("Starbucks", 
"Teavana"), class = "factor"), Store.Number = structure(c(53L, 
42L, 46L, 48L, 40L, 21L), .Label = c("10575-101278", "10648-101241", 
"11296-104022", "13723-108403", "14144-111906", "14997-149948", 
"15948-156824", "16933-169085", "17699-183444", "17766-183446", 
"17977-183445", "18138-184064", "18815-191486", "20138-185004", 
"20470-140411", "21683-212746", "22121-185008", "22384-213344", 
"23318-222609", "23558-230688", "23731-222608", "23758-216804", 
"26643-243988", "27183-246608", "2802-89421", "28351-249759", 
"28435-249745", "2935-91108", "3465-93156", "47679-258845", "48691-243986", 
"50217-272131", "6215-538", "6222-656", "6228-675", "6229-812", 
"6235-678", "6239-893", "6244-165605", "6248-1038", "6249-253984", 
"6253-1018", "6254-1019", "6264-1196", "6272-238047", "6277-1332", 
"6291-1072", "6302-1882", "6316-4938", "6329-11981", "6359-21041", 
"6361-227965", "6367-27349", "6390-29235", "6721-75402", "675-1350", 
"676-1349", "677-1351", "680-1354", "690-1366", "692-1352", "695-1353", 
"70003-103666", "72486-20060", "72617-22323", "72626-32319", 
"72966-95132", "74527-59159", "74612-90301", "74637-90311", "75174-83220", 
"75325-99901", "75328-101613", "75531-87667", "75736-96376", 
"75741-96375", "75746-96374", "75747-96377", "75821-99240", "76572-101597", 
"76611-100216", "76883-121248", "78062-115644", "79451-101610", 
"79610-113253", "79656-113252", "79679-117024", "9539-96851", 
"9850-98196"), class = "factor"), Store.Name = structure(c(55L, 
38L, 54L, 32L, 62L, 88L), .Label = c("1700 Pacific Ave.", "AAFES HQ Food Court", 
"Abrams & Mockingbird", "AT&T Global Headquarters - Lobby", "Beltline and Coit", 
"Berkshire Court", "Casa Linda", "Coit & 635", "Cole & Lemmon", 
"Columbus Square", "DAL East", "DAL West", "Dallas Galleria", 
"DFW - Concourse D, Simply Books", "DFW - Landside Ticketing", 
"DFW - Term C, Gate C21", "DFW - Term C, Gate C27 S. Station", 
"DFW - Term C, Gate C6", "DFW - Term C, Gate C8 North Station", 
"DFW - Terminal B", "DFW - Terminal B Gate 28", "DFW - Terminal D12", 
"DFW - Terminal E Satellite", "DFW A 20", "DFW Terminal D27", 
"Fairmont Dallas", "Fondren Library", "Forest & Park Central", 
"Forest & Webb Chapel", "Frankford & 190", "Frankford & Tollway", 
"Galleria North", "Garland & Gaston", "Gaston & Haskell", "Greenville & Caruth Haven", 
"Greenville & Lovers", "Highland Park Village", "Hillcrest & Arapaho", 
"Hotel Crescent Court", "I-30 & Cockrell Hill", "Inwood & Willow", 
"Inwood Village", "JPMC Tower", "Knox Street", "Kroger-Dallas #509", 
"Kroger-Dallas #518", "Kroger-Dallas #588", "Kroger-Dallas, TX #529", 
"Lakewood", "Lemmon & Inwood", "Lemmon & Knight", "Maple & Clara", 
"Mockingbird & 183", "Mockingbird & Airline", "N. Central Exp & Mockingbird", 
"Northpark Mall  Level 1", "Northwest Highway & I-35", "Northwest Hwy & Shadybrook", 
"NW Hwy & Midway", "Oaklawn & Rawlins", "Preston & Alpha", "Preston & Forest", 
"Preston & Frankford", "Preston Royal", "Randall's - Dallas #2642", 
"Randalls-Dallas #3608", "Renaissance Tower", "Ross Tower", "Royal & Abrams", 
"Shops at Park Lane", "Smu: Deadman Athletic Center", "Snider Plaza", 
"Super Target Dallas ST-1784", "Super Target North Dalls ST-1775", 
"Target Dallas-South T-2334", "Target Dallas T-875", "Target Dallas T-947", 
"Target Dallas/Medallion T-55", "Teavana - Dallas Galleria", 
"Teavana - Northpark Center", "Tom Thumb-Dallas #2990", "Tom Thumb-Dallas #3560", 
"Tom Thumb-Dallas #3637", "Tom Thumb - Dallas #1540", "Tom Thumb - Dallas #3569", 
"Tom Thumb - Dallas #3614", "Tom Thumb - Dallas #3650", "Webb Chapel & NW Highway", 
"World Trade Center Dallas"), class = "factor"), Ownership.Type = structure(c(1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("Company Owned", "Licensed"), class = "factor"), 
    Street.Address = structure(c(55L, 67L, 25L, 54L, 4L, 39L), .Label = c("100 Highland Park Shopping Ctr, Suite 101A", 
    "102 Preston Royal Shopping Ctr", "1111 Mockingbird Lane", 
    "11919 Preston Road", "1201 Elm Street, Suite 115", "12262 Inwood Road", 
    "13350 DALLAS PKWY, STE 2615", "13350 Dallas Pkwy, Suite 2505", 
    "13556 Preston Rd", "1380 W Campbell Rd, Dallas Galleria", 
    "14715 Coit Rd, 101", "14999 Preston Rd, Village of Preston Hollow", 
    "1601 N Cockrell Hill", "16731 Coit Rd", "1700 Pacific Avenue, Suite C-102, Preston Royal Shopping Center", 
    "1717 N. Akard, Columbus Square", "18208 Preston Road, Suite D12", 
    "2050 N Stemmons Fwy", "208 S Akard St", "212 Medallion Ctr", 
    "2200 Ross Ave", "2285 W. Northwest Highway", "2417 N Haskell Ave", 
    "2801 Allen St., Ste. 180", "3036 Mockingbird Lane, Galleria North", 
    "3100 Forest Lane", "315 South Hampton", "3200 E Airfield Dr", 
    "3200 E Airfield Dr, Frankford Crossing", "3200 E Airfield Dr, Highland Park Shopping Center", 
    "3200 E Airfield Dr, Summertree Shopping Center", "3216 Knox Street", 
    "3301 S 22nd Ave", "3301 S 22nd Ave, Lakewood Plaza", "3330 Oaklawn Avenue", 
    "3398 Tom Braniff Ln", "3555 Frankford Road", "3699 McKinney Ave", 
    "3701 W Northwest Hwy, Suite 410", "3757 Forest Lane, Dallas Galleria", 
    "3878 Oak Lawn Avenue", "3911 Walton Walker", "39739 LBJ Fwy", 
    "400 Crescent Court", "4025 Gaston Avenue", "4101 Lemmon Ave.", 
    "4241 Capitol Ave, Casa Linda Plaza", "4343 W Northwest Highway, Suite 390", 
    "4727 Frankford Road, Suite 337, Northpark Center", "4744 Maple Avenue", 
    "4901 Maple Ave", "4924 Greenville Ave, 110", "500 N. Akard St.", 
    "5223 Alpha Road, Preston Forest Square", "5331 E. Mockingbird Lane, 150, Hillcrest Village Shopping Center", 
    "5350 W. Lovers Lane, Suite 125", "5665 E. Mockingbird", 
    "5715 Lemmon Avenue", "5809 E Lovers Lane", "5905 E. Northwest Highway, Mockingbird Commons S.C.", 
    "6005 Bush Ave", "6123 Greenville Ave, Pinnacle Park", "6312 La Vista", 
    "6333 East Mockingbird, Suite 107", "6419 Skillman St", "6733 Hillcrest Avenue", 
    "6859 Arapaho", "7117 Inwood Rd", "7325 Gaston Ave, Suite 100", 
    "7700 W Northwest Hwy", "7718 Forest Lane, Town Creek Shopping Center", 
    "7995 LBJ, Suite 114", "8008 Cedar Springs Rd.", "8026 Park Lane, 100", 
    "8411 Preston Rd, Ste 100", "8520 Abrams Rd, Ste 100", "8687 N. Central Expressway, F2-926", 
    "8687 NORTH CENTRAL EXPWY, #1812", "8698 Skillman St", "9140 Forest Lane", 
    "9440 Garland Road, Suite 110-112, West Village", "9440 Marsh Ln", 
    "Hillcrest & Mockingbird"), class = "factor"), City = structure(c(1L, 
    1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("Dallas", "DALLAS"), class = "factor"), 
    State.Province = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "TX", class = "factor"), 
    Country = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "US", class = "factor"), 
    Postcode = c(75206L, 75248L, 75205L, 75240L, 75230L, 75220L
    ), PhoneNumber = structure(c(46L, 21L, 10L, 78L, 20L, 4L), .Label = c("", 
    "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", 
    "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", 
    "[phone]", "[phone]", "(214) 6914247", "[phone]", 
    "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", 
    "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", "[phone]", 
    "214-219-1735", "214-221-0939", "214-331-0160", "214-333-1679", 
    "214-340-1126", "214-342-6998", "214-346-1020", "214-348-0240", 
    "214-350-3883", "214-350-4063", "214-353-6907", "214-357-3980", 
    "214-360-0288", "214-361-2026", "214-363-4678", "214-369-3228", 
    "214-507-9413", "214-691-1101", "214-750-3200", "214-757-7752", 
    "214-775-0206", "214-777-5350", "214-826-0331", "214-826-2901", 
    "214-827-8101", "214-920-9530", "214/522-3531", "2142133340", 
    "2143213556", "2143511061", "2143637691", "2145594050", "2145787355", 
    "2147063561", "2147205338", "2147419830", "2147709521", "2147826655", 
    "469-341-3920", "469-374-9166", "4697867069", "4697919284", 
    "888-729-5656", "888-796-5282", "972-338-3100", "972-542-2895", 
    "972-574-4927", "972-574-8647", "972-661-2666", "972-661-8079", 
    "972-680-6010", "972-713-9066", "972-716-0838", "972-725-1269", 
    "972-788-9340", "972-880-8919", "972-960-9595", "972-973-8570", 
    "972/519-0537", "9723654089", "9726931974", "9728205613"), class = "factor"), 
    TimeZone = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = "GMT-06:00 America/Chicago", class = "factor"), 
    Longitude = c(-96.78, -96.79, -96.78, -96.82, -96.8, -96.86
    ), Latitude = c(32.84, 32.96, 32.84, 32.93, 32.91, 32.86)), row.names = c(NA, 
6L), class = "data.frame")

Answer 1

由于街道是直线几何，而星巴克的位置是点几何，因此不能将它们合并到单个shapefile中。但是，它们仍然可以绘制在同一张地图上。我在这里使用ggplot，但是您可以使用任意数量的其他绘图工具。

[第一步是使用st_as_sf()将星巴克csv从具有一些经/纬度坐标的常规数据帧转换为具有几何形状的sf对象。然后，使用st_transform()重新投影以匹配达拉斯街道的投影。

library(sf)
library(tidyverse)

streets <- st_read("STREETS.shp")

starbucks_proj <- starbucks_location %>% 
  st_as_sf(coords = c("Longitude", "Latitude"), crs = 4326) %>% 
  st_transform(st_crs(streets))

然后，我们使用ggplot绘制街道和星巴克的位置。
ggplot() +
  geom_sf(data = streets, color = "gray") +
  geom_sf(data = starbucks_proj, color = "red", size = 2) + 
  theme_minimal()