我用java 17编写了一个编辑excel文件的cmd程序。然后，我想将其构建为windows可执行exe文件。通过阅读下面的文章，尝试使用maven插件shade和launch4j构建，但在launch4j中不断显示“无法访问属性的默认字段”错误。想知道为什么吗？
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>combine_excel</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>combine_excel</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>17</source>
<target>17</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.7.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
<shadedClassifierName>shaded</shadedClassifierName>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>org.example.Main</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j</groupId>
<artifactId>launch4j-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.5.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>l4j-clui</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>launch4j</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<headerType>console</headerType>
<jar>target/${artifactId}-${version}-shaded.jar</jar>
<outfile>target/combine_excel.exe</outfile>
<!-- <downloadUrl>http://java.com/download</downloadUrl>-->
<classPath>
<mainClass>org.example.Main</mainClass>
<preCp>anything</preCp>
</classPath>
<!-- <icon>application.ico</icon>-->
<jre>
<minVersion>1.6.0</minVersion>
<jdkPreference>preferJre</jdkPreference>
</jre>
<versionInfo>
<fileVersion>1.0.0.0</fileVersion>
<txtFileVersion>${project.version}</txtFileVersion>
<fileDescription>${project.name}</fileDescription>
<copyright>2012 combine_excel.com</copyright>
<productVersion>1.0.0.0</productVersion>
<txtProductVersion>1.0.0.0</txtProductVersion>
<productName>${project.name}</productName>
<companyName>combine_excel.com</companyName>
<internalName>combine_excel</internalName>
<originalFilename>combine_excel.exe</originalFilename>
</versionInfo>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>AsposeJavaAPI</id>
<name>Aspose Java API</name>
<url>https://repository.aspose.com/repo/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.aspose</groupId>
<artifactId>aspose-cells</artifactId>
<version>21.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
这是错误日志。
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 2.091 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-09-26T22:21:33+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j:launch4j-maven-plugin:1.5.1:launch4j (l4j-clui) on project combine_excel: Execution l4j-clui of goal com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j:launch4j-maven-plugin:1.5.1:launch4j failed: An API incompatibility was encountered while executing com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j:launch4j-maven-plugin:1.5.1:launch4j: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: Cannot access defaults field of Properties
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] realm = plugin>com.akathist.maven.plugins.launch4j:launch4j-maven-plugin:1.5.1
[ERROR] strategy = org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.strategy.SelfFirstStrategy
[ERROR] urls[0] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/com/akathist/maven/plugins/launch4j/launch4j-maven-plugin/1.5.1/launch4j-maven-plugin-1.5.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[1] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-component-annotations/1.5.4/plexus-component-annotations-1.5.4.jar
[ERROR] urls[2] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/sisu/sisu-inject-bean/1.4.2/sisu-inject-bean-1.4.2.jar
[ERROR] urls[3] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/sonatype/sisu/sisu-guice/2.1.7/sisu-guice-2.1.7-noaop.jar
[ERROR] urls[4] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/1.5.15/plexus-utils-1.5.15.jar
[ERROR] urls[5] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/backport-util-concurrent/backport-util-concurrent/3.1/backport-util-concurrent-3.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[6] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-interpolation/1.11/plexus-interpolation-1.11.jar
[ERROR] urls[7] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/junit/junit/3.8.1/junit-3.8.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[8] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/commons-beanutils/commons-beanutils/1.8.3/commons-beanutils-1.8.3.jar
[ERROR] urls[9] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[10] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/apache/ant/ant/1.7.0/ant-1.7.0.jar
[ERROR] urls[11] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/org/apache/ant/ant-launcher/1.7.0/ant-launcher-1.7.0.jar
[ERROR] urls[12] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/foxtrot/foxtrot/2.0/foxtrot-2.0.jar
[ERROR] urls[13] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream/1.3.1/xstream-1.3.1.jar
[ERROR] urls[14] = file:/C:/Users/gary6/.m2/repository/xpp3/xpp3_min/1.1.4c/xpp3_min-1.1.4c.jar
[ERROR] Number of foreign imports: 1
[ERROR] import: Entry[import from realm ClassRealm[maven.api, parent: null]]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] -----------------------------------------------------
[ERROR]
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/PluginContainerException
我认为 launch4j 配置值一开始是错误的。我添加了
将 launch4j-maven-plugin 更新到最新版本 2.4.1，将 maven-shade-plugin 更新到 3.5.1，这是 2012 年的旧版本，可能与 java 17 不兼容