我有一个拥有大量客户群的django网站。我想让我们的客户服务部门能够改变正常的用户帐户，做更改密码，电子邮件地址等等。但是，如果我授予某人内置的auth | user | Can change user权限，他们就能够设置is_superuser标志在任何帐户，包括他们自己。 （!!!）
为非超级用户员工删除此选项的最佳方法是什么？我确定它涉及继承django.contrib.auth.forms.UserChangeForm并将其挂钩到我已经定制的UserAdmin对象......不知何故。但我找不到任何关于如何做到这一点的文档，我还不太了解内部情况。
他们可以在任何帐户上设置is_superuser标志，包括他们自己的标志。 （!!!）
不仅如此，他们还能够逐个给予自己任何权限，同样的效果......
我确定它涉及子类化django.contrib.auth.forms.UserChangeForm
嗯，不一定。您在django管理员的更改页面中看到的表单由管理应用程序动态创建，并基于UserChangeForm，但此类几乎没有将正则表达式验证添加到username字段。
并将其挂钩到我已经定制的UserAdmin对象中......
定制UserAdmin是去这里的方式。基本上，您想将fieldsets属性更改为：
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
(_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
# Removing the permission part
# (_('Permissions'), {'fields': ('is_staff', 'is_active', 'is_superuser', 'user_permissions')}),
(_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
# Keeping the group parts? Ok, but they shouldn't be able to define
# their own groups, up to you...
(_('Groups'), {'fields': ('groups',)}),
)
但问题是这个限制将适用于所有用户。如果这不是您想要的，您可以例如根据用户的权限覆盖change_view以表现不同。代码段：
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
staff_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
(_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
# No permissions
(_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
(_('Groups'), {'fields': ('groups',)}),
)
def change_view(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# for non-superuser
if not request.user.is_superuser:
try:
self.fieldsets = self.staff_fieldsets
response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, *args, **kwargs)
finally:
# Reset fieldsets to its original value
self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets
return response
else:
return super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, *args, **kwargs)
接受的答案的以下部分具有竞争条件，如果两个工作人员用户同时尝试访问管理表单，则其中一个可以获得超级用户表单。
try: self.readonly_fields = self.staff_self_readonly_fields response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs) finally: # Reset fieldsets to its original value self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets
为了避免这种竞争条件（并且在我看来提高了解决方案的整体质量），我们可以直接覆盖get_fieldsets()和get_readonly_fields()方法：
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
staff_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username')}),
('Personal info', {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
# No permissions
('Important dates', {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
)
staff_readonly_fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'last_login', 'date_joined')
def get_fieldsets(self, request, obj=None):
if not request.user.is_superuser:
return self.staff_fieldsets
else:
return super(UserAdmin, self).get_fieldsets(request, obj)
def get_readonly_fields(self, request, obj=None):
if not request.user.is_superuser:
return self.staff_readonly_fields
else:
return super(UserAdmin, self).get_readonly_fields(request, obj)
非常感谢Clément。我在为我的网站做同样的事情时想到的是，我还需要为除了自己以外的用户提供所有字段。因此，基于Clément的回答，我在查看非自我时，只读取字段和密码字段隐藏
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
model = User
staff_self_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
(_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
# No permissions
(_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
)
staff_other_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', )}),
(_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
# No permissions
(_('Important dates'), {'fields': ('last_login', 'date_joined')}),
)
staff_self_readonly_fields = ('last_login', 'date_joined')
def change_view(self, request, object_id, form_url='', extra_context=None, *args, **kwargs):
# for non-superuser
if not request.user.is_superuser:
try:
if int(object_id) != request.user.id:
self.readonly_fields = User._meta.get_all_field_names()
self.fieldsets = self.staff_other_fieldsets
else:
self.readonly_fields = self.staff_self_readonly_fields
self.fieldsets = self.staff_self_fieldsets
response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
except:
logger.error('Admin change view error. Returned all readonly fields')
self.fieldsets = self.staff_other_fieldsets
self.readonly_fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'username', 'password', 'last_login', 'date_joined')
response = super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
finally:
# Reset fieldsets to its original value
self.fieldsets = UserAdmin.fieldsets
self.readonly_fields = UserAdmin.readonly_fields
return response
else:
return super(MyUserAdmin, self).change_view(request, object_id, form_url, extra_context, *args, **kwargs)
django 1.1的完整代码（仅限于员工（非超级用户）的基本用户信息）
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
my_fieldsets = (
(None, {'fields': ('username', 'password')}),
(_('Personal info'), {'fields': ('first_name', 'last_name', 'email')}),
)
def change_view(self, request, object_id, extra_context=None):
# for non-superuser
print 'test'
if not request.user.is_superuser:
self.fieldsets = self.my_fieldsets
response = UserAdmin.change_view(self, request, object_id,
extra_context=None)
return response
else:
return UserAdmin.change_view(self, request, object_id,
extra_context=None)
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, MyUserAdmin)
这种方法是从网上的几个有用的提示汇总而来的。在这种情况下，我们正在修改UserAdmin，以便对于具有用户添加/更改权限的非超级用户员工，他们可以授予其他用户的唯一权限和组是工作人员已有的权限。
（对于Django 1.11）
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin, User
from django.contrib import admin
class RestrictedUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
model = User
def formfield_for_dbfield(self, db_field, **kwargs):
field = super(RestrictedUserAdmin, self).formfield_for_dbfield(db_field, **kwargs)
user = kwargs['request'].user
if not user.is_superuser:
if db_field.name == 'groups':
field.queryset = field.queryset.filter(id__in=[i.id for i in user.groups.all()])
if db_field.name == 'user_permissions':
field.queryset = field.queryset.filter(id__in=[i.id for i in user.user_permissions.all()])
if db_field.name == 'is_superuser':
field.widget.attrs['disabled'] = True
return field
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, RestrictedUserAdmin)
如果允许用户更改组，则同样应对GroupAdmin执行此操作。