Access 2010 VBA表单 - 自动调整表单大小

Question

我已经完成了在办公室周围使用的表单，但是，当在不同的计算机上打开时，表单不会调整大小。相反，滚动条会出现。如何使表单和控件自动调整大小？

Answer 1

下面是您可以添加到表单中的一些VBA代码，无论用户在监视器上显示窗口的大小，或者监视器的分辨率是多少，都可以使表单看起来保持相同。

您也可以通过按住Ctrl键并上下滚动鼠标滚轮（或者按住Shift键并按+键或 - 键）来使文字变大或变小。

要使用此功能，只需打开Access并在设计视图中打开表单即可。首先，右键单击表单的图像并添加Form Header/Footer。

如果您没有向表单添加页眉和页脚，下面的代码将会出错。但是，如果您不希望它们出现在表单上，​​则可以将页眉和页脚的高度缩小为空。

单击表单左上方的小框，在选项卡下方选择表单本身：

这将确保我们在查看Property Sheet时查看表单本身的属性。

要查看表单的Property Sheet（如果已经看不到），请按住Alt键并按Enter键。

选择Event选项卡。

然后，您需要将文字文本[Event Procedure]添加到表单本身后面的以下五个事件中：

负载

关键

关键

在调整大小

在鼠标轮上

您可以在这些事件旁边的文本框中键入文字文本[Event Procedure]，也可以单击每个事件旁边的省略号（...）按钮，然后从弹出菜单中选择Code Builder。

它看起来像这样：

...

...

...

...

此外，在事件列表的底部，您还需要将Key Preview属性更改为Yes：

最后，您可能希望在表单上关闭Scroll Bars，以便它们不会与任何内容重叠。要执行此操作，请在设计视图中转到Format的Property Sheet选项卡，并将Scroll Bars属性更改为Neither。

现在，要添加VBA代码，请按住Alt并按F11以查看VBA编辑器。

进入VBA编辑器后，双击Form_YourFormName文件夹下的Microsoft Access Class Objects选项：

如果您没有看到Microsoft Access Class Objects文件夹，请返回到设计视图中的表单，然后在刚修改的任何事件上单击文字文本[Event Procedure]旁边的省略号（...）。

这将带您回到VBA编辑器，您现在应该在Form_YourFormName代码区域内。那里已经存在一些代码，但您可以在继续下一步之前删除所有代码。

然后在右侧屏幕的主要部分，只需复制并粘贴下面的代码就可以了。

Option Compare Database
Option Explicit


'Set an unchangeable variable to the amount (10% for example) to increase or
'decrease the font size with each zoom, in or out.
Const FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE = 0.1


'Create the fontZoom and ctrlKeyIsPressed variables outside of
'the sub definitions so they can be shared between subs
Private fontZoom As Double
Private ctrlKeyIsPressed As Boolean


'Create an enum so we can use it later when pulling the data out of the "Tag" property
Private Enum ControlTag
    FromLeft = 0
    FromTop
    ControlWidth
    ControlHeight
    OriginalFontSize
    OriginalControlHeight
End Enum


Private Sub Form_Load()
    'Set the font zoom setting to the default of 100% (represented by a 1 below).
    'This means that the fonts will appear initially at the proportional size
    'set during design time. But they can be made smaller or larger at run time
    'by holding the "Shift" key and hitting the "+" or "-" key at the same time,
    'or by holding the "Ctrl" key and scrolling the mouse wheel up or down.
    fontZoom = 1

    'When the form loads, we need to find the relative position of each control
    'and save it in the control's "Tag" property so the resize event can use it
    SaveControlPositionsToTags Me
End Sub


Private Sub Form_Resize()
    'Set the height of the header and footer before calling RepositionControls
    'since it caused problems changing their heights from inside that sub.
    'The Tag property for the header and footer is set inside the SaveControlPositionsToTags sub
    Me.Section(acHeader).Height = Me.WindowHeight * CDbl(Me.Section(acHeader).Tag)
    Me.Section(acFooter).Height = Me.WindowHeight * CDbl(Me.Section(acFooter).Tag)

    'Call the RepositionControls Sub and pass this form as a parameter
    'and the fontZoom setting which was initially set when the form loaded and then
    'changed if the user holds the "Shift" key and hits the "+" or "-" key
    'or holds the "Ctrl" key and scrolls the mouse wheel up or down.
    RepositionControls Me, fontZoom
End Sub


Private Sub Form_KeyDown(KeyCode As Integer, Shift As Integer)

    'PURPOSE: Make the text on the form bigger if "Shift" and "+" are pressed
    'at the same time and smaller if "Shift" and "-" are pressed at the same time.
    'NOTE: Using the "Ctrl" key instead of the "Shift" key conflicts with Access's
    'default behavior of using "Ctrl -" to delete a record, so "Shift" is used instead

    'Was the "Shift" key being held down while the Key was pressed?
    Dim shiftKeyPressed As Boolean
    shiftKeyPressed = (Shift And acShiftMask) > 0

    'If so, check to see if the user pressed the "+" or the "-" button at the
    'same time as the "Shift" key. If so, then make the font bigger/smaller
    'by the percentage specificed in the FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE variable.
    If shiftKeyPressed Then

        Select Case KeyCode
            Case vbKeyAdd
                fontZoom = fontZoom + FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE
                RepositionControls Me, fontZoom

                'Set the KeyCode back to zero to prevent the "+" symbol from
                'showing up if a textbox or similar control has the focus
                KeyCode = 0

            Case vbKeySubtract
                fontZoom = fontZoom - FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE
                RepositionControls Me, fontZoom

                'Set the KeyCode back to zero to prevent the "-" symbol from
                'showing up if a textbox or similar control has the focus
                KeyCode = 0

        End Select

    End If

    'Detect if the "Ctrl" key was pressed. This variable
    'will be used later when we detect a mouse wheel scroll event.
    If (Shift And acCtrlMask) > 0 Then
        ctrlKeyIsPressed = True
    End If

End Sub

Private Sub Form_KeyUp(KeyCode As Integer, Shift As Integer)
    'Change the ctrlKeyIsPressed variable to false when
    'any key is let up. This will make sure the form text does
    'not continue to grow/shrink when the mouse wheel is
    'scrolled after the ctrl key is pressed and let up.
    ctrlKeyIsPressed = False
End Sub


Private Sub Form_MouseWheel(ByVal Page As Boolean, ByVal Count As Long)
    'If the "Ctrl" key is also being pressed, then zoom the form in or out
    If ctrlKeyIsPressed Then
        Debug.Print ctrlKeyIsPressed
        'The user scrolled up, so make the text larger
        If Count < 0 Then

            'Make the font bigger by the percentage specificed
            'in the FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE variable
            fontZoom = fontZoom + FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE
            RepositionControls Me, fontZoom

        'The user scrolled down, so make the text smaller
        ElseIf Count > 0 Then

            'Make the font smaller by the percentage specificed
            'in the FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE variable
            fontZoom = fontZoom - FONT_ZOOM_PERCENT_CHANGE
            RepositionControls Me, fontZoom
        End If

    End If
End Sub


Public Sub SaveControlPositionsToTags(frm As Form)
On Error Resume Next

    Dim ctl As Control

    Dim ctlLeft As String
    Dim ctlTop As String
    Dim ctlWidth As String
    Dim ctlHeight As String
    Dim ctlOriginalFontSize As String
    Dim ctlOriginalControlHeight As String

    For Each ctl In frm.Controls

        'Find the relative position of this control in design view
        'e.g.- This control is 5% from the left, 10% from the top, etc.
        'Those percentages can then be saved in the Tag property for this control
        'and used later in the form's resize event
        ctlLeft = CStr(Round(ctl.Left / frm.Width, 4))
        ctlTop = CStr(Round(ctl.Top / frm.Section(ctl.Section).Height, 4))
        ctlWidth = CStr(Round(ctl.Width / frm.Width, 4))
        ctlHeight = CStr(Round(ctl.Height / frm.Section(ctl.Section).Height, 4))

        'If this control has a FontSize property, then capture the
        'control's original font size and the control's original height from design-time
        'These will be used later to calculate what the font size should be when the form is resized
        Select Case ctl.ControlType
            Case acLabel, acCommandButton, acTextBox, acComboBox, acListBox, acTabCtl, acToggleButton
                ctlOriginalFontSize = ctl.FontSize
                ctlOriginalControlHeight = ctl.Height
        End Select

        'Add all this data to the Tag property of the current control, separated by colons
        ctl.Tag = ctlLeft & ":" & ctlTop & ":" & ctlWidth & ":" & ctlHeight & ":" & ctlOriginalFontSize & ":" & ctlOriginalControlHeight

    Next

    'Set the Tag properties for the header and the footer to their proportional height
    'in relation to the height of the whole form (header + detail + footer)
    frm.Section(acHeader).Tag = CStr(Round(frm.Section(acHeader).Height / (frm.Section(acHeader).Height + frm.Section(acDetail).Height + frm.Section(acFooter).Height), 4))
    frm.Section(acFooter).Tag = CStr(Round(frm.Section(acFooter).Height / (frm.Section(acHeader).Height + frm.Section(acDetail).Height + frm.Section(acFooter).Height), 4))

End Sub


Public Sub RepositionControls(frm As Form, fontZoom As Double)
On Error Resume Next

    Dim formDetailHeight As Long
    Dim tagArray() As String

    'Since "Form.Section(acDetail).Height" usually returns the same value (unless the detail section is tiny)
    'go ahead and calculate the detail section height ourselves and store it in a variable
    formDetailHeight = frm.WindowHeight - frm.Section(acHeader).Height - frm.Section(acFooter).Height

    Dim ctl As Control

    'Loop through all the controls on the form
    For Each ctl In frm.Controls

        'An extra check to make sure the Tag property has a value
        If ctl.Tag <> "" Then

            'Split the Tag property into an array
            tagArray = Split(ctl.Tag, ":")

            If ctl.Section = acDetail Then
                'This is the Detail section of the form so use our "formDetailHeight" variable from above
                ctl.Move frm.WindowWidth * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.FromLeft))), _
                                   formDetailHeight * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.FromTop))), _
                                   frm.WindowWidth * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.ControlWidth))), _
                                   formDetailHeight * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.ControlHeight)))
            Else
                ctl.Move frm.WindowWidth * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.FromLeft))), _
                                   frm.Section(ctl.Section).Height * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.FromTop))), _
                                   frm.WindowWidth * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.ControlWidth))), _
                                   frm.Section(ctl.Section).Height * (CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.ControlHeight)))
            End If

            'Now we need to change the font sizes on the controls.
            'If this control has a FontSize property, then find the ratio of
            'the current height of the control to the form-load height of the control.
            'So if form-load height was 1000 (twips) and the current height is 500 (twips)
            'then we multiply the original font size * (500/1000), or 50%.
            'Then we multiply that by the fontZoom setting in case the user wants to
            'increase or decrease the font sizes while viewing the form.
            Select Case ctl.ControlType
                Case acLabel, acCommandButton, acTextBox, acComboBox, acListBox, acTabCtl, acToggleButton
                    ctl.FontSize = Round(CDbl(tagArray(ControlTag.OriginalFontSize)) * CDbl(ctl.Height / tagArray(ControlTag.OriginalControlHeight))) * fontZoom
            End Select

        End If

    Next

End Sub

以下是缩小时表单形状的截图。

之前：

后：

此外，您可以通过按住Ctrl键并向上滚动鼠标滚轮来增大文本（或者，按住Shift键并按+键。）

并且，您可以通过按住Ctrl键并向下滚动鼠标滚轮来缩小文本（或者，按住Shift键并按 - 键。）

Answer 2

几点说明：

• 看看how to anchor controls to the form，以便他们可以使用表单调整大小。
• 设计表单，使其在用户拥有的最小屏幕尺寸上正确显示。 考虑用户如何与您的应用程序进行交互非常重要。你不能指望Access可以神奇地重排并调整所有内容，这是你作为应用程序设计者需要考虑的事情。 因此，限制表单上的控件数量，并保持足够小，以便在办公室中最小的合理屏幕分辨率上正确显示。
• 如果您不想显示条形，请查看表单的scrollbars属性。
• 查看可以使用的各种表单样式：在Access 2007及更高版本中，您可以在选项卡中使用表单。您也可以弹出它们，并防止它们被调整大小。 查看以下表单属性并围绕各种组合进行操作以获得所需的效果：