字段“id”需要一个数字，但在播种数据库django时得到了字典

Question

我正在寻找一种方法来存储从外部 API 获取的问题，并将其存储在名为

Question

的模型中。我的

views.py

模块通过根据用户的问题难度选择请求数据来实现这一点，然后以表单呈现获取的内容。这是一个非常简单的方法，但由于某种原因我得到了

Field 'id' expected a number but got {'type': 'multiple'...}

。

我从这个问题的“最后一个答案”中删除了一个旨在创建另一个干扰此实现的模型单例的代码。然后我运行 ./manage.py makemigrations 和

./manage.py migrate

来反映更改，但再次引发了异常。之后，我删除了migrations.py及其缓存文件来运行相同的两个命令，但没有任何改变。任何人都可以指出我遗漏/做错了什么吗？

模型.py

from django.db import models


class Question(models.Model):
    type = models.TextField()
    difficulty = models.TextField()
    category = models.TextField()
    question = models.TextField()
    correct_answer = models.TextField()
    incorrect_answers = models.TextField()

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from .forms import QuestionForm, QuestionLevelForm
from urllib.request import URLError
from .models import Question
import requests

def process_question(request):
    if "level" in request.POST:
        return fetch_question(request)
    elif "answer" in request.POST:
        return check_answer(request)
    else:
        form = QuestionLevelForm()
        return render(request, "log/question.html", {"form": form})


def fetch_question(request):
    match request.POST["difficulty"]:
        case "easy":
            url = "https://opentdb.com/api.php?amount=1&category=9&difficulty=easy&type=multiple"
        case "medium":
            url = "https://opentdb.com/api.php?amount=1&category=9&difficulty=medium&type=multiple"
        case "hard":
            url = "https://opentdb.com/api.php?amount=1&category=9&difficulty=hard&type=multiple"

    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
    except URLError as e:
        HttpResponse("Couldn't fetch data, try again")
    else:
        render_question(request, response.json())


def render_question(request, response):
    content = response["results"][0]
    question = {
        "type": content["type"],
        "difficulty": content["difficulty"],
        "category": content["category"],
        "question": content["question"],
        "correct_answer": content["correct_answer"],
        "incorrect_answers": content["incorrect_answers"],
    }
    form = QuestionForm(question)
    model = Question(question)
    model.save()
    context = {"question": question, "form": form}
    render(request, "./log/templates/log/question.html", context)

test_views.py

from django.http import HttpRequest
from django.test import TestCase, Client
from .. import views

client = Client()


class QuestionTest(TestCase):
    def test_page_load(self):
        response = self.client.get("/log/question")
        self.assertEqual(response["content-type"], "text/html; charset=utf-8")
        self.assertTemplateUsed(response, "log/question.html")
        self.assertContains(response, "Choose your question level", status_code=200)

    def test_fetch_question(self):
        request = HttpRequest()
        request.method = "POST"
        request.POST["level"] = "level"
        request.POST["difficulty"] = "hard"
        request.META["HTTP_HOST"] = "localhost"
        response = views.process_question(request)
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)

Answer 1

使用

model构造函数时，请使用关键字参数

！ 

[1] 使用关键字参数，您可以指定要分配给哪些参数。例如：

Question(
    type = content["type"],
    difficulty = content["difficulty"],
    category = content["category"],
    question = content["question"],
    correct_answer = content["correct_answer"],
    incorrect_answers = content["incorrect_answers"]
)

您还可以使用 

dict

解包来构造

Question

。这将自动生成参数：Question(**question)

---

[1] _{在您的示例中，^{class Question}的构造函数采用}

question

（它是

dict

）并将其分配给其第一个参数

id

。