[Angular 2+中带有参数的单元测试指令

问题描述 投票:1回答:2

我有一条指令,可在鼠标悬停时如下更改元素的背景颜色。

import {Directive, ElementRef, HostListener, Input} from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
  selector: '[appHighlightme]'
})
export class HighlightmeDirective {

  @Input('appHighlightme') color : string
  constructor(private el:ElementRef) { }

  @HostListener('mouseenter') onMouseEnter(){
    this.highlight(this.color || 'yellow');
  }

  @HostListener('mouseleave') onMouseLeave(){
    this.highlight('inherit');
  }

  highlight(color){
    this.el.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor = color;
  }
}

我正在尝试为此指令编写单元测试用例,如下所示

import { HighlightmeDirective } from './highlightme.directive';
import {ChangeDetectionStrategy, Component, DebugElement, ViewChild} from '@angular/core';
import {async, ComponentFixture, TestBed} from '@angular/core/testing';
import {By} from '@angular/platform-browser';

@Component({
  selector: 'my-test-component',
  template: '<a [appHighlightme]="color" >test</a>'
})
export class TestComponent {
  color:string = 'blue';
}

describe('HighlightmeDirective', () => {

  let component: TestComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<TestComponent>;
  let inputEl: DebugElement;

  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [
        TestComponent,
        HighlightmeDirective
      ]
    })

    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    inputEl = fixture.debugElement.query(By.directive(HighlightmeDirective));

  });

  it('detect hover changes', () => {
    inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseenter', {});
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe(component.color);
    inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseleave', {});
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe('inherit');
  });

  it('should create an instance', () => {
    const directive = new HighlightmeDirective(inputEl);
    expect(directive).toBeTruthy();
  });
});

该指令在其他组件中运行正常。它接受ts文件中定义的color参数变量,并在将元素悬停时用作bg颜色。但是,当我尝试对它们进行单元测试时,指令未检测到从TestComponent传递的color参数,并且测试用例失败并显示以下错误消息。

错误:预期“黄色”为“蓝色”。 -由于将黄色设置为默认的悬停颜色

angular unit-testing karma-jasmine angular2-directives mouseenter
2个回答
1
投票

您无需通过指令跟踪事件处理程序。您需要在本机元素(在您的情况下为anchor标记)上发出一个事件,并且指令处理程序将被自动调用。这是测试指令的实际方法。

假设我们有一个带有类别的锚标记,因此我们需要在该标记上创建一个事件。

@Component({
  selector: 'my-test-component',
  template: '<a class="mytag" [appHighlightme]="color" >test</a>'
})
export class TestComponent {
  color:string = 'blue';
}

describe('HighlightmeDirective', () => {

  let component: TestComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<TestComponent>;
  let inputEl: DebugElement;

  beforeEach(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [
        TestComponent,
        HighlightmeDirective
      ]
    })

    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    fixture.detectChanges();   // trigger change detection so that UI renders and you can access element in next step.
    inputEl = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('.mytag'));

  });

  it('detect hover changes', () => {
    inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseenter', {});
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe(component.color);
    inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseleave', {});
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe('inherit');
  });

  it('should create an instance', () => {
    const directive = new HighlightmeDirective(inputEl);
    expect(directive).toBeTruthy();
  });
});

希望对您有帮助。


1
投票

触发任何事件之前,您需要确保@Input('appHighlightme') color属性已初始化。初始化发生在第一个更改检测周期内。

因此您应该触发更改检测,然后才触发mouseenter事件。另一个观察结果是,由于您直接通过this.el.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor来操纵样式,因此您甚至不需要使用其他fixture.detectChanges();调用。

it('detect hover changes', () => {
  fixture.detectChanges(); // !!! initialize 'color' property

  inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseenter', {});  
  // fixture.detectChanges();  <-- useless here
  expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe(component.color);

  inputEl.triggerEventHandler('mouseleave', {});
  // fixture.detectChanges();  <-- useless here
  expect(inputEl.nativeElement.style.backgroundColor).toBe('inherit');
});
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