由于 python Python 3.11.5 中缺少 openSSL 绑定而安装机密时出错

Question

我一直在尝试使用 pip 安装

secrets

来制作基本的密码生成器和管理器。我已经安装了

setuptools(both latest and an older version)

、

cryptography

和

pyopenssl

，但我仍然收到如下错误

(virtualenv) PS C:\Users\apoorvpathak\Desktop\cli-password-manager> pip install cryptography secrets
Requirement already satisfied: cryptography in c:\users\apoorvpathak\desktop\cli-password-manager\virtualenv\lib\site-packages (41.0.4)
Collecting secrets
  Using cached secrets-1.0.2.tar.gz (7.9 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [26 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "<string>", line 10, in <module>
      ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'OpenSSL'

      During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\Desktop\cli-password-manager\virtualenv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\Desktop\cli-password-manager\virtualenv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\Desktop\cli-password-manager\virtualenv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-0hq3ammt\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 355, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-0hq3ammt\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 325, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-0hq3ammt\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 507, in run_setup
          super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend, self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
        File "C:\Users\apoorvpathak\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-0hq3ammt\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 341, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 12, in <module>
      ImportError: Installing this module requires OpenSSL python bindings
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

× Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
│ exit code: 1
╰─> See above for output.

我尝试过安装和卸载

python

、

setuptools

、

cryptography

、

pyopenssl

，我也删除并创建了几个虚拟环境，但它在任何一个中都不起作用。

有什么办法可以成功安装

secrets

.

我读过一篇文章，其中说如果出现此错误，请勿使用机密，那么万一全部失败，我有哪些替代方案？

Answer 1

就我而言，解决方案是在系统级别安装缺少的 LDAP 和 SASL 开发库：

apt install libldap2-dev libsasl2-dev -y

位于

pyOpenSSL

图书馆之上。

这在

python-ldap

的官方文档中针对各种发行版进行了描述（这是

secrets

库的先决条件）：

https://www.python-ldap.org/en/python-ldap-3.3.0/installing.html#build-preventions

如果您要在 Docker 容器中安装

secrets

库作为

requirements.txt

中定义的必需库之一，您可能需要先安装

pyOpenSSL

- 然后安装

requirements.txt

中的剩余库，因为似乎已安装 OpenSSL 是构建的先决条件

secrets

lib 元数据。

# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
FROM python:3.12

# Install system prerequisites for building Python libs
RUN apt update
RUN apt install libldap2-dev libsasl2-dev -y

# Install OpenSSL so that we can build secrets library metadata
RUN pip install pyOpenSSL==24.1.0
# Install remaining required modules
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt