使用 ansible 编辑 /etc/fstab 中的 pass 选项

Question

我有一个可运行大约 20 个主机的 ansible 剧本。我正在尝试仅编辑作为根（'/'）安装的条目的 pass 选项。

这是我改变每个非“0”的传递选项的内容，这是我不想要的。

- name: Modify mount options in /etc/fstab
      replace:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: '(\b)0 0(\b)'
        replace: '\g<1>0 1\g<2>'
      when: ansible_distribution == 'Ubuntu'

ChatGPT 建议类似的内容，但添加我的值不起作用。我的所有文件系统都有不同的命名格式，因此并非全部都以 UUID 开头。

- name: Change pass option
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/fstab
        regexp: '^UUID=[a-f0-9-]+\s+/\s'
        line: 'UUID=your_uuid / ext4 defaults,pass=new_pass_option 0 0'

Answer 1

例如，给定库存

shell> cat hosts
test_01
test_02
test_03

以及用于测试的文件 /tmp/fstab（全部相同）

shell> ssh admin@test_01 cat /tmp/fstab
UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f /         ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=0F15-7883                            /boot/efi vfat umask=0077        0 1
/swapfile                                 none      swap sw                0 0

shell> ssh admin@test_02 cat /tmp/fstab
UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f /         ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=0F15-7883                            /boot/efi vfat umask=0077        0 1
/swapfile                                 none      swap sw                0 0

shell> ssh admin@test_03 cat /tmp/fstab
UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f /         ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
UUID=0F15-7883                            /boot/efi vfat umask=0077        0 1
/swapfile                                 none      swap sw                0 0

• 声明远程文件的路径

    file_remote: /tmp/fstab

并获取文件到控制器

    - fetch:
        src: "{{ file_remote }}"
        dest: /tmp/ansible/fetch

这将在控制器上创建文件

shell> tree /tmp/ansible/fetch/
/tmp/ansible/fetch/
├── test_01
│   └── tmp
│       └── fstab
├── test_02
│   └── tmp
│       └── fstab
└── test_03
    └── tmp
        └── fstab

• 声明变量

    file_local: "{{ '/tmp/ansible/fetch/' ~ inventory_hostname ~ file_remote }}"
    files: |
      [{% for h in ansible_play_hosts %}
      {{ lookup('file', file_local) | community.general.jc('fstab') }},
      {% endfor %}]

并创建当前 fstab 选项的字典

    - set_fact:
        files_dict: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|zip(files)) }}"

给予

  files_dict:
    test_01:
    - fs_file: /
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: errors=remount-ro
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f
      fs_vfstype: ext4
    - fs_file: /boot/efi
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: umask=0077
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=0F15-7883
      fs_vfstype: vfat
    - fs_file: none
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: sw
      fs_passno: 0
      fs_spec: /swapfile
      fs_vfstype: swap
    test_02:
    - fs_file: /
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: errors=remount-ro
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f
      fs_vfstype: ext4
    - fs_file: /boot/efi
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: umask=0077
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=0F15-7883
      fs_vfstype: vfat
    - fs_file: none
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: sw
      fs_passno: 0
      fs_spec: /swapfile
      fs_vfstype: swap
    test_03:
    - fs_file: /
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: errors=remount-ro
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=423d168c-5a90-44f9-94b2-d2da9f0e1e4f
      fs_vfstype: ext4
    - fs_file: /boot/efi
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: umask=0077
      fs_passno: 1
      fs_spec: UUID=0F15-7883
      fs_vfstype: vfat
    - fs_file: none
      fs_freq: 0
      fs_mntops: sw
      fs_passno: 0
      fs_spec: /swapfile
      fs_vfstype: swap

• 使用字典和模块 ansible.posix.mount 来更新你想要的内容。例如，为所有文件中的所有

  pass=new_pass_option

  添加选项

  /

    - ansible.posix.mount:
        fstab: "{{ file_remote }}"
        path: "{{ my_item.fs_file }}"
        src:  "{{ my_item.fs_spec }}"
        fstype: "{{ my_item.fs_vfstype }}"
#       opts: "{{ my_item.fs_mntops }}"
        opts: "{{ [my_item.fs_mntops, 'pass=new_pass_option'] |
                  unique |
                  join(',') }}"
        dump: "{{ my_item.fs_freq }}"
        passno: "{{ my_item.fs_passno }}"
        state: present
      vars:
        fs_file: /
        my_item: "{{ files_dict[inventory_hostname] |
                     selectattr('fs_file', 'eq', fs_file) |
                     first }}"

这只会更改文件。如果您想更新当前安装点，请使用

state: mounted

。请参阅状态。

---

用于测试的完整剧本示例

- hosts: all

  vars:

    file_remote: /tmp/fstab
    file_local: "{{ '/tmp/ansible/fetch/' ~ inventory_hostname ~ file_remote }}"
    files: |
      [{% for h in ansible_play_hosts %}
      {{ lookup('file', file_local) | community.general.jc('fstab') }},
      {% endfor %}]
  
  tasks:

    - fetch:
        src: "{{ file_remote }}"
        dest: /tmp/ansible/fetch
      when: fetch_files | d(false) | bool

    - block:
        - debug:
            var: files
        - set_fact:
            files_dict: "{{ dict(ansible_play_hosts|zip(files)) }}"
        - debug:
            var: files_dict
      run_once: true

    - ansible.posix.mount:
        fstab: "{{ file_remote }}"
        path: "{{ my_item.fs_file }}"
        src:  "{{ my_item.fs_spec }}"
        fstype: "{{ my_item.fs_vfstype }}"
        opts: "{{ my_item.fs_mntops }}"
#        opts: "{{ [my_item.fs_mntops, 'pass=new_pass_option'] |
#                  unique |
#                  join(',') }}"
        dump: "{{ my_item.fs_freq }}"
        passno: "{{ my_item.fs_passno }}"
        state: present
      vars:
        fs_file: /
        my_item: "{{ files_dict[inventory_hostname] |
                     selectattr('fs_file', 'eq', fs_file) |
                     first }}"