删除列表元素时很奇怪的事情

Question

我有一个包含目录和文件的列表，我只想保留文件并编写以下代码对其进行过滤。但是，我发现某些记录仍在此列表中，例如'wangshx / ,''`。

根据此结果，我发现if句子可能有问题。谁能指出问题出在哪里？

In [7]: filelist = ['/tmp/test2.pbs', '/tmp/test.pbs', '/public/home/ 
   ...: wangshx:', ' ', 'correct_order.txt', 'download/', 'filepaths. 
   ...: RData', 'lib/', 'Log.out', 'ncbi_error_report.xml', 'new_hg19 
   ...: .1.bt2', 'new_hg19.2.bt2', 'new_hg19.3.bt2', 'new_hg19.4.bt2' 
   ...: , 'new_hg19.fa', 'new_hg19.rev.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.rev.2.bt2',  
   ...: 'perl5/', 'practice/', 'repnames_nfragments.txt', 'soft/', 's 
   ...: ongmf/', 'sort.pbs', 'test.pbs', 'test.pbs.o1167575', 'test.p 
   ...: bs.o1167590', 'tmp/', 'wangshx/', 'workspace/', 'wt/', 'wx/', 
   ...:  '']

In [8]: len(filelist)
Out[8]: 32

In [9]:    for f in filelist:
   ...:                 print(f)
   ...: 
   ...: 
/tmp/test2.pbs
/tmp/test.pbs
/public/home/wangshx:

correct_order.txt
download/
filepaths.RData
lib/
Log.out
ncbi_error_report.xml
new_hg19.1.bt2
new_hg19.2.bt2
new_hg19.3.bt2
new_hg19.4.bt2
new_hg19.fa
new_hg19.rev.1.bt2
new_hg19.rev.2.bt2
perl5/
practice/
repnames_nfragments.txt
soft/
songmf/
sort.pbs
test.pbs
test.pbs.o1167575
test.pbs.o1167590
tmp/
wangshx/
workspace/
wt/
wx/


In [10]: for f in filelist:
    ...:     print(f)
    ...:     if f[-1]=='/' or f[-1]==':' or f=='' or f==' ':
    ...:         print("=> Should remove " + f)
    ...:         filelist.remove(f)
    ...: 
/tmp/test2.pbs
/tmp/test.pbs
/public/home/wangshx:
=> Should remove /public/home/wangshx:
correct_order.txt
download/
=> Should remove download/
lib/
=> Should remove lib/
ncbi_error_report.xml
new_hg19.1.bt2
new_hg19.2.bt2
new_hg19.3.bt2
new_hg19.4.bt2
new_hg19.fa
new_hg19.rev.1.bt2
new_hg19.rev.2.bt2
perl5/
=> Should remove perl5/
repnames_nfragments.txt
soft/
=> Should remove soft/
sort.pbs
test.pbs
test.pbs.o1167575
test.pbs.o1167590
tmp/
=> Should remove tmp/
workspace/
=> Should remove workspace/
wx/
=> Should remove wx/

In [11]: filelist
Out[11]: 
['/tmp/test2.pbs',
 '/tmp/test.pbs',
 ' ',
 'correct_order.txt',
 'filepaths.RData',
 'Log.out',
 'ncbi_error_report.xml',
 'new_hg19.1.bt2',
 'new_hg19.2.bt2',
 'new_hg19.3.bt2',
 'new_hg19.4.bt2',
 'new_hg19.fa',
 'new_hg19.rev.1.bt2',
 'new_hg19.rev.2.bt2',
 'practice/',
 'repnames_nfragments.txt',
 'songmf/',
 'sort.pbs',
 'test.pbs',
 'test.pbs.o1167575',
 'test.pbs.o1167590',
 'wangshx/',
 'wt/',
 '']

最佳，

世香

Answer 1

问题是在迭代列表时编辑列表。请改用列表理解。尚不清楚您的过滤器要求是什么，但是作为示例，以下示例将构建一个新列表，并删除以斜杠结尾的所有内容：

filelist = ['/tmp/test2.pbs', '/tmp/test.pbs', '/public/home/wangshx:', ' ', 'correct_order.txt', 'download/',
            'filepaths.RData', 'lib/', 'Log.out', 'ncbi_error_report.xml', 'new_hg19.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.2.bt2',
            'new_hg19.3.bt2', 'new_hg19.4.bt2', 'new_hg19.fa', 'new_hg19.rev.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.rev.2.bt2',
            'perl5/', 'practice/', 'repnames_nfragments.txt', 'soft/', 'songmf/', 'sort.pbs', 'test.pbs',
            'test.pbs.o1167575', 'test.pbs.o1167590', 'tmp/', 'wangshx/', 'workspace/', 'wt/', 'wx/', '']

files = [file for file in filelist if not file.endswith('/')]

print(files)

输出：

['/tmp/test2.pbs', '/tmp/test.pbs', '/public/home/wangshx:', ' ', 'correct_order.txt', 'filepaths.RData', 'Log.out', 'ncbi_error_report.xml', 'new_hg19.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.2.bt2', 'new_hg19.3.bt2', 'new_hg19.4.bt2', 'new_hg19.fa', 'new_hg19.rev.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.rev.2.bt2', 'repnames_nfragments.txt', 'sort.pbs', 'test.pbs', 'test.pbs.o1167575', 'test.pbs.o1167590', '']

Answer 2

根据您的列表，看起来可以像在每个字符串中查找字符.一样简单。

类似这样的东西：

filelist = ['/tmp/test2.pbs', '/tmp/test.pbs', '/public/home/wangshx:', ' ', 'correct_order.txt', 'download/', 'filepaths.RData', 'lib/', 'Log.out', 'ncbi_error_report.xml', 'new_hg19.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.2.bt2', 'new_hg19.3.bt2', 'new_hg19.4.bt2' , 'new_hg19.fa', 'new_hg19.rev.1.bt2', 'new_hg19.rev.2.bt2', 'perl5/', 'practice/', 'repnames_nfragments.txt', 'soft/', 'songmf/', 'sort.pbs', 'test.pbs', 'test.pbs.o1167575', 'test.pbs.o1167590', 'tmp/', 'wangshx/', 'workspace/', 'wt/', 'wx/', '']

for f in filelist:
    if '.' in f:
        print(f)
    else:
        print("=> Should remove " + f)
将输出：

/tmp/test2.pbs
/tmp/test.pbs
=> Should remove /public/home/wangshx:
=> Should remove  
correct_order.txt
=> Should remove download/
filepaths.RData
=> Should remove lib/
Log.out
ncbi_error_report.xml
new_hg19.1.bt2
new_hg19.2.bt2
new_hg19.3.bt2
new_hg19.4.bt2
new_hg19.fa
new_hg19.rev.1.bt2
new_hg19.rev.2.bt2
=> Should remove perl5/
=> Should remove practice/
repnames_nfragments.txt
=> Should remove soft/
=> Should remove songmf/
sort.pbs
test.pbs
test.pbs.o1167575
test.pbs.o1167590
=> Should remove tmp/
=> Should remove wangshx/
=> Should remove workspace/
=> Should remove wt/
=> Should remove wx/
=> Should remove