使用 HTML 和 CSS 创建自定义组织结构图布局

Question

我正在尝试使用 HTML 和 CSS 创建自定义组织结构图布局，但在实现所需的布局方面遇到一些困难。我在下面提供了我当前的代码，以及我想要的布局的简要说明。

这是我当前使用的代码：

* {margin: 0; padding: 0;}

.tree ul {
    padding-top: 20px; position: relative;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}
.tree ul ul ul::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: -20px;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
    height: 20px;
}

.tree li {
    float: left; text-align: center;
    list-style-type: none;
    position: relative;
    padding: 20px 5px 0 5px;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}

/*We will use ::before and ::after to draw the connectors*/

.tree li::before, .tree li::after{
    content: '';
    position: absolute; top: 0; right: 50%;
    border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
    width: 50%; height: 20px;
}
.tree li::after{
    right: auto; left: 50%;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
}

/*We need to remove left-right connectors from elements without 
any siblings*/
.tree li:only-child::after, .tree li:only-child::before {
    display: none;
}

/*Remove space from the top of single children*/
.tree li:only-child{ padding-top: 0;}

/*Remove left connector from first child and 
right connector from last child*/
.tree li:first-child::before, .tree li:last-child::after{
    border: 0 none;
}
/*Adding back the vertical connector to the last nodes*/
.tree li:last-child::before{
    border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 0 5px 0 0;
    -webkit-border-radius: 0 5px 0 0;
    -moz-border-radius: 0 5px 0 0;
}
.tree li:first-child::after{
    border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
}

/*Time to add downward connectors from parents*/
.tree ul ul::before{
    content: '';
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 50%;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
    width: 0; height: 20px;
}

.tree li a{
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #666;
    font-family: arial, verdana, tahoma;
    font-size: 11px;
    display: inline-block;

    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}

/*Time for some hover effects*/
/*We will apply the hover effect the the lineage of the element also*/
.tree li a:hover, .tree li a:hover+ul li a {
    background: #c8e4f8; color: #000; border: 1px solid #94a0b4;
}
/*Connector styles on hover*/
.tree li a:hover+ul li::after, 
.tree li a:hover+ul li::before, 
.tree li a:hover+ul::before, 
.tree li a:hover+ul ul::before{
    border-color:  #94a0b4;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul li a {
    position: relative;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    padding: 5px 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #666;
    font-family: arial, verdana, tahoma;
    font-size: 11px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;
    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
    writing-mode: vertical-rl !important; /* Vertical orientation */
    text-orientation: mixed !important;
    white-space: nowrap; /* Prevent text from wrapping */
}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@popperjs/[email protected]/dist/umd/popper.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
        
<div class="tree">
  <ul>
    <li>
      <a href="#">Parent</a>
      <ul>
        <li>
          <a href="#">Child</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Grand Child</a>
              <ul>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li>
              <a href="#">Grand Child</a>
              <ul>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">Grand Child</a>
              <ul>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
                <li>
                  <a href="#">Great Grand Child</a>
                </li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </li>
  </ul>
</div>

所需布局： 我想创建一个组织结构图，其中父节点连接到子节点。子节点应具有三个孙节点，它们彼此水平连接。中孙节点应与子节点垂直连接。我已附上所需布局的图像。

挑战： 我尝试修改现有代码来实现此布局，但我正在努力按照描述的水平和垂直方向正确连接孙节点。

问题： 有人可以指导我如何修改代码以实现所需的组织结构图布局吗？具体来说，如何水平连接三个孙节点，同时保证中孙节点与子节点垂直连接？

感谢您提供的任何帮助或见解。谢谢！

Answer 1

试试这个CSS：

* {margin: 0; padding: 0;}

.tree ul {
    padding-top: 20px; position: relative;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}

.tree li {
    float: left; text-align: center;
    list-style-type: none;
    position: relative;
    padding: 20px 5px 0 5px;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}

/*We will use ::before and ::after to draw the connectors*/

.tree li::before, .tree li::after{
    content: '';
    position: absolute; top: 0; right: 50%;
    border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
    width: 50%; height: 20px;
}

/*We need to remove left-right connectors from elements without 
any siblings*/
.tree li:only-child::after, .tree li:only-child::before {
    display: none;
}

/*Remove space from the top of single children*/
.tree li:only-child{ padding-top: 0;}


/*Time to add downward connectors from parents*/
.tree ul ul::before{
    content: '';
    position: absolute; top: 0;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
    width: 0; height: 20px;
}

.tree li a{
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #666;
    font-family: arial, verdana, tahoma;
    font-size: 11px;
    display: inline-block;

    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;

    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
}

/*Time for some hover effects*/
/*We will apply the hover effect the the lineage of the element also*/
.tree li a:hover, .tree li a:hover+ul li a {
    background: #c8e4f8; color: #000; border: 1px solid #94a0b4;
}
/*Connector styles on hover*/
.tree li a:hover+ul li::after, 
.tree li a:hover+ul li::before, 
.tree li a:hover+ul::before, 
.tree li a:hover+ul ul::before{
    border-color:  #94a0b4;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul li a {
    position: relative;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    padding: 5px 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #666;
    font-family: arial, verdana, tahoma;
    font-size: 11px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px;
    transition: all 0.5s;
    -webkit-transition: all 0.5s;
    -moz-transition: all 0.5s;
    /*writing-mode: vertical-rl !important;*/ /* Vertical orientation */
    text-orientation: mixed !important;
    white-space: nowrap; /* Prevent text from wrapping */
}



.tree ul ul ul {
    padding-top : 0;
}

.tree > ul > li > ul > li > ul > li {
    padding: 0 0 0 20px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    clear: left;
    position: relative;
    left: 50%;
}
.tree > ul > li > ul > li > ul > li::before {
    height: 100%;
}
.tree > ul > li > ul > li > ul > li:last-child::before {
    height: 50%;
}

.tree > ul > li > ul > li > ul > li > a {
    writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}


.tree ul ul ul li::before {
    width: 20px;
    left: 0;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-top: none;
}
.tree ul ul ul li:last-child::before {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 0 0 0 5px;
    -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 0 5px;
    -moz-border-radius: 0 0 0 5px;
}
.tree ul ul ul li::after {
    width: 20px;
    top: 50%;
    left: 0;
    border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0 0 0 20px;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul::before {
    border-left: none;
    border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
    width: 20px;
    left: 0;
    top: 50%;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul li {
    float: none;
    padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
}

.tree ul ul ul ul li:first-child::before,
.tree ul ul ul li:last-child::after {
    border: 0 none;
}
.tree ul ul ul ul li:first-child::after{
    border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
    -moz-border-radius: 5px 0 0 0;
}