@SuppressStaticInitialization为部分嘲弄

问题描述 投票:0回答:1

我有这个奇怪的情况,我想测试“一些”功能而不触及另一个...我很难选择一个正确的描述,我希望我将在下面提供的代码几乎是自我描述。

假设我有一个保持一些策略的类:

class TypeStrategy {

      private static final CreateConsumer CREATE_CONSUMER = new CreateConsumer();
      private static final ModifyConsumer MODIFY_CONSUMER = new ModifyConsumer();

      private static final Map<Type, Consumer<ConsumerContext>> MAP = Map.of(
                Type.CREATE, CREATE_CONSUMER,
                Type.MODIFY, MODIFY_CONSUMER
      );

      public static void consume(Type type, ConsumerContext context) {
           Optional.ofNullable(MAP.get(nodeActionType))
                   .orElseThrow(strategyMissing(type))
                   .accept(context);
      }
}

这个想法非常简单 - 有些策略是针对特定的Type注册的;方法consume将只是尝试找到一个正确的注册类型,并使用提供的consume调用ConsumerContext

而现在的问题是:我非常想测试我关注的所有策略都已注册,我可以在它们上调用accept - 这就是我想要测试的所有内容。

通常情况下,我会在@SuppressStaticInitializationFor上使用TypeStrategy,并使用WhiteBox::setInternalState将我需要的任何东西放入CREATE_CONSUMERMODIFY_CONSUMER;但在这种情况下,我不能,因为MAP也将被跳过,我真的不想要那个,我关心的是这两个策略 - 我需要MAP保持原样。

除了一些令人讨厌的重构之外,这确实让我想到了我想要的地方,我不知道如何才能实现这一目标。在最好的情况下,我希望@SuppressStaticInitializationFor支持一些“部分”跳过,你可以指定一些关于你想要跳过的内容的过滤器,但实际上这不是一个选项。

我还可以测试调用链上的“其他所有东西” - 这是测试accept应该做的所有事情,但是在这个测试中增加了近70行模拟,理解它确实想要测试变成一场噩梦一小块。

testing java-8 powermock
1个回答
1
投票

根据您的描述,似乎黑盒测试不是一种选择,所以也许我们可以通过模拟消费者的构造函数并验证他们的交互来依赖一些白盒测试。

您可以在下面找到从初始样本中推断出的完整示例,包括.orElseThrow(strategyMissing(type))的可能选项。

一个重要的注意事项/免责声明:由于我们将TypeStrategy完好无损,这意味着将执行地图的静态初始化块。因此,我们需要特别注意消费者模拟实例。我们需要确保在初始模拟阶段在地图中添加的相同模拟实例在所有测试中都可用,否则验证将失败。因此,我们不会为每个测试创建模拟,而是为所有测试创建一次。虽然在单元测试中不建议这样做(测试应该是独立的和独立的),但我相信在这种特殊情况下,它是一个可以接受的体面的权衡。

import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;

import java.util.AbstractMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito.whenNew;

// enable powermock magic    
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({MockitoTest.TypeStrategy.class})
public class MockitoTest {
    private static CreateConsumer createConsumerMock;
    private static ModifyConsumer modifyConsumerMock;

    // static initializer in TypeStrategy => mock everything once in the beginning to avoid having new mocks for each test (otherwise "verify" will fail)
    @BeforeClass
    public static void setup() throws Exception {
        // mock the constructors to return mocks which we can later check for interactions
        createConsumerMock = mock(CreateConsumer.class);
        modifyConsumerMock = mock(ModifyConsumer.class);
        whenNew(CreateConsumer.class).withAnyArguments().thenReturn(createConsumerMock);
        whenNew(ModifyConsumer.class).withAnyArguments().thenReturn(modifyConsumerMock);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldDelegateToCreateConsumer() {
        checkSpecificInteraction(Type.CREATE, createConsumerMock);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldDelegateToModifyConsumer() {
        checkSpecificInteraction(Type.MODIFY, modifyConsumerMock);
    }

    private void checkSpecificInteraction(Type type, Consumer<ConsumerContext> consumer) {
        ConsumerContext expectedContext = new ConsumerContext();

        // invoke the object under test
        TypeStrategy.consume(type, expectedContext);

        // check interactions
        verify(consumer).accept(expectedContext);
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldThrowExceptionForUnsupportedConsumer() {
        ConsumerContext expectedContext = new ConsumerContext();

        // unsupported type mock
        Type unsupportedType = PowerMockito.mock(Type.class);
        when(unsupportedType.toString()).thenReturn("Unexpected");

        // powermock does not play well with "@Rule ExpectedException", use plain old try-catch
        try {
            // invoke the object under test
            TypeStrategy.consume(unsupportedType, expectedContext);

            // if no exception was thrown to this point, the test is failed
            fail("Should have thrown exception for unsupported consumers");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertThat(e.getMessage(), is("Type [" + unsupportedType + "] not supported"));
        }
    }


    /* production classes below */

    public static class TypeStrategy {
        private static final CreateConsumer CREATE_CONSUMER = new CreateConsumer();
        private static final ModifyConsumer MODIFY_CONSUMER = new ModifyConsumer();

        private static final Map<Type, Consumer<ConsumerContext>> MAP = Stream.of(
                new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<>(Type.CREATE, CREATE_CONSUMER),
                new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<>(Type.MODIFY, MODIFY_CONSUMER)
        ).collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue));

        public static void consume(Type type, ConsumerContext context) {
            Optional.ofNullable(MAP.get(type))
                    .orElseThrow(strategyMissing(type))
                    .accept(context);
        }

        private static Supplier<IllegalArgumentException> strategyMissing(Type type) {
            return () -> new IllegalArgumentException("Type [" + type + "] not supported");
        }
    }

    public static class CreateConsumer implements Consumer<ConsumerContext> {
        @Override
        public void accept(ConsumerContext consumerContext) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented");
        }
    }

    public static class ModifyConsumer implements Consumer<ConsumerContext> {
        @Override
        public void accept(ConsumerContext consumerContext) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented");
        }
    }

    public enum Type {
        MODIFY, CREATE
    }

    public static class ConsumerContext {
    }
}
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