最近对点O(nlogn)算法 - 在C一些数据问题++实现

问题描述 投票:1回答:1

我对分而治之算法来寻找最近点的问题。我查了一下这个页面https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/closest-pair-of-points-onlogn-implementation/ C ++实现,但没有与此代码的问题。它的工作原理在大多数情况下罚款,但对于一些数据,实现返回等结果,比穷举法。例如,让我们取十个点(X,Y):

(795 981)
(1905 4574)
(8891 665)
(6370 1396)
(93 8603)
(302 7099)
(326 5318)
(4493 3977)
(429 8687)
(9198 1558)

对于这个数据,O(n log n)算法返回944.298,而不是346.341蛮力给出。这究竟是为什么?

这正是geeksforgeeks实现我的示例数据:

#include <iostream>
#include <float.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;

struct Point
{
    int x, y;
};

int compareX(const void* a, const void* b)
{
    Point *p1 = (Point *)a,  *p2 = (Point *)b;
    return (p1->x - p2->x);
}

int compareY(const void* a, const void* b)
{
    Point *p1 = (Point *)a,   *p2 = (Point *)b;
    return (p1->y - p2->y);
}


float dist(Point p1, Point p2)
{
    return sqrt( (p1.x - p2.x)*(p1.x - p2.x) +
                 (p1.y - p2.y)*(p1.y - p2.y)
    );
}

float bruteForce(Point P[], int n)
{
    float min = FLT_MAX;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        for (int j = i+1; j < n; ++j)
            if (dist(P[i], P[j]) < min)
                min = dist(P[i], P[j]);
    return min;
}

float min(float x, float y)
{
    return (x < y)? x : y;
}


float stripClosest(Point strip[], int size, float d)
{
    float min = d;  // Initialize the minimum distance as d 

    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        for (int j = i+1; j < size && (strip[j].y - strip[i].y) < min; ++j)
            if (dist(strip[i],strip[j]) < min)
                min = dist(strip[i], strip[j]);

    return min;
}

float closestUtil(Point Px[], Point Py[], int n)
{
    // If there are 2 or 3 points, then use brute force 
    if (n <= 3)
        return bruteForce(Px, n);

    // Find the middle point 
    int mid = n/2;
    Point midPoint = Px[mid];


    Point Pyl[mid+1];   // y sorted points on left of vertical line 
    Point Pyr[n-mid-1];  // y sorted points on right of vertical line 
    int li = 0, ri = 0;  // indexes of left and right subarrays 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        if (Py[i].x <= midPoint.x)
            Pyl[li++] = Py[i];
        else
            Pyr[ri++] = Py[i];
    }

    float dl = closestUtil(Px, Pyl, mid);
    float dr = closestUtil(Px + mid, Pyr, n-mid);

    // Find the smaller of two distances 
    float d = min(dl, dr);

    Point strip[n];
    int j = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        if (abs(Py[i].x - midPoint.x) < d)
            strip[j] = Py[i], j++;

    return min(d, stripClosest(strip, j, d) );
}

float closest(Point P[], int n)
{
    Point Px[n];
    Point Py[n];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        Px[i] = P[i];
        Py[i] = P[i];
    }

    qsort(Px, n, sizeof(Point), compareX);
    qsort(Py, n, sizeof(Point), compareY);

    // Use recursive function closestUtil() to find the smallest distance 
    return closestUtil(Px, Py, n);
}

// Driver program to test above functions 
int main()
{
    Point P[] = {{795, 981}, {1905, 4574}, {8891, 665}, {6370, 1396}, {93, 8603}, {302, 7099},
                 {326, 5318}, {4493, 3977}, {429, 8687}, {9198, 1558}};
    int n = sizeof(P) / sizeof(P[0]);
    cout << closest(P, n) << std::endl;
    cout << bruteForce(P, n) << std::endl;
    return 0;
} 

有没有人知道什么是错在这里?我一直在试图修复它几个小时,但我真的不明白,为什么这个问题会发生。

c++ points closest
1个回答
1
投票

由于PylPyr具有mid+1n-mid-1的大小分别以下两行

float dl = closestUtil(Px,     Pyl, mid  );
float dr = closestUtil(Px+mid, Pyr, n-mid);

应改写如下:

float dl = closestUtil(Px,       Pyl, mid+1  );
float dr = closestUtil(Px+mid+1, Pyr, n-mid-1);

此外,如在this site的源代码评论的,在上面的代码,假定所有的x坐标是不同的。例如,如果所有的x坐标相同,li0增加到n和发生在Pyl[li++] = Py[i];意外的行为li >= mid+1时。


顺便说一句,VLA(可变Vength阵列)根本不会在C ++规范存在。因为数组PxPyPylPyr可在具有自动存储持续时间堆叠产生,它们的尺寸应在编译时被确定。但是,一些C ++编译器包括GNU编译器支持VLA作为编译器扩展并允许声明C风格阵列具有动态长度。 (内存是如何分配的VLA是具体实施。)但是,C ++提供了std::vector动态数组功能,这可能使我们的代码更易读,便携和坚固。

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