我需要刷新Windows无线网络列表。
我很乐意接受任何可以直接或间接从VBA自动化（cmdline，wmi等）的解决方法。 （我正在使用Windows 7 Home 64位与Office 365 Pro 64位。）
我可以通过编程方式列出网络，包括netsh或下面的代码，但除非我实际点击任务栏的通知区域上的网络连接图标，否则列表不会刷新。
我认为我没有按照要求从WlanOpenHandle获得处理，而且我很擅长将C转换为VBA。
没有错误，但WlanScan返回未知代码1168。
相关位：
这是VB的函数声明，适用于：
Public Shared Function WlanScan(ByVal hClientHandle As IntPtr, _
ByRef pInterfaceGuid As Guid, ByVal pDot11Ssid As IntPtr, _
ByVal pIeData As IntPtr, ByVal pReserved As IntPtr) As UInteger
End Function
...以及C#中函数用法的示例：
Guid g;
//wlanHndl is the handle returned previously by calling [WlanOpenHandle]
for (int i = 0; i < infoList.dwNumberOfItems; i++)
{
g = infoList.InterfaceInfo[i].InterfaceGuid;
uint resultCode=WlanScan(wlanHndl, ref g, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
if (resultCode != 0)
return;
}
......以及如何打开手柄，在C++（来自here）：
dwResult = WlanOpenHandle(dwMaxClient, NULL, &dwCurVersion, &hClient);
if (dwResult != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
wprintf(L"WlanOpenHandle failed with error: %u\n", dwResult);
return 1;
// You can use FormatMessage here to find out why the function failed
}
“非后卫：”
获取（缓存）无线网络列表：
列出网络的代码效果很好 - 除了不自行刷新。 （之前我正在解析netsh wlan show networks mode=bssid的文本输出，它有同样的问题。）
我以前删除了这一部分，因为它冗长，似乎除了刷新之外工作正常。 - ）
Option Explicit 'section's source: vbforums.com/showthread.php?632731
Private Const DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH As Long = 32
Private Const WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER As Long = 8
Private Const WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_CONNECTED As Long = 1
Private Const WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_HAS_PROFILE As Long = 2
Private Type GUID 'from cpearson.com
Data1 As Long: Data2 As Integer: Data3 As Integer: Data4(7) As Byte
End Type
Private Type WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO
ifGuid As GUID: InterfaceDescription(255) As Byte: IsState As Long
End Type
Private Type DOT11_SSID
uSSIDLength As Long: ucSSID(DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH - 1) As Byte
End Type
Private Type WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
strProfileName(511) As Byte: dot11Ssid As DOT11_SSID
dot11BssType As Long: uNumberOfBssids As Long
bNetworkConnectable As Long: wlanNotConnectableReason As Long
uNumberOfPhyTypes As Long: dot11PhyTypes(WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER - 1) As Long
bMorePhyTypes As Long: wlanSignalQuality As Long
bSEcurityEnabled As Long: dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm As Long
dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm As Long: dwflags As Long: dwReserved As Long
End Type
Private Type WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST
dwNumberOfItems As Long: dwIndex As Long: InterfaceInfo As WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO
End Type
Private Type WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST
dwNumberOfItems As Long: dwIndex As Long: Network As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
End Type
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanOpenHandle Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal dwClientVersion As Long, _
ByVal pdwReserved As Long, ByRef pdwNegotiaitedVersion As Long, _
ByRef phClientHandle As Long) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanEnumInterfaces Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal hClientHandle As Long, _
ByVal pReserved As Long, ppInterfaceList As Long) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanGetAvailableNetworkList Lib "Wlanapi.dll" ( _
ByVal hClientHandle As Long, pInterfaceGuid As GUID, ByVal dwflags As Long, _
ByVal pReserved As Long, ppAvailableNetworkList As Long) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (Destination As Any, _
Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
Declare PtrSafe Sub WlanFreeMemory Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal pMemory As Long)
Type WiFis
ssid As String: signal As Single
End Type
Public Function GetWiFi() As WiFis()
'returns an array of custom type WiFis (1st interface only)
Dim udtList As WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST, udtAvailList As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST, udtNetwork As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
Dim lngReturn As Long, lngHandle As Long, lngVersion As Long, lngList As Long, lngAvailable As Long
Dim lngStart As Long, intCount As Integer, ssid As String, signal As Single, wifiOut() As WiFis
n = 0
lngReturn = WlanOpenHandle(2&, 0&, lngVersion, lngHandle) 'get handle
If lngReturn <> 0 Then
Debug.Print "Couldn't get wlan handle (Code " & lngReturn & ")"
Exit Function
End If
lngReturn = WlanEnumInterfaces(ByVal lngHandle, 0&, lngList) 'enumerate <*first interface only*>
CopyMemory udtList, ByVal lngList, Len(udtList)
lngReturn = WlanGetAvailableNetworkList(lngHandle, udtList.InterfaceInfo.ifGuid, 2&, 0&, lngAvailable) 'get network list
CopyMemory udtAvailList, ByVal lngAvailable, LenB(udtAvailList)
intCount = 0
lngStart = lngAvailable + 8
Do
CopyMemory udtNetwork, ByVal lngStart, Len(udtNetwork) ' Populate avail. network structure
ssid = Replace(StrConv(udtNetwork.dot11Ssid.ucSSID, vbUnicode), Chr(0), "")
If Len(ssid) < 4 Then ssid = "(Unnamed)"
signal = CSng(udtNetwork.wlanSignalQuality) / 100
'[Signal] = 0 to 100 which represents the signal strength (100 Signal)=(-100dBm RSSI), (100 Signal)=(-50dBm RSSI)
If udtNetwork.dwflags = 0 Then
n = n + 1
ReDim Preserve wifiOut(n)
wifiOut(n).ssid = ssid
wifiOut(n).signal = signal
Else
'skipping networks with [dwflags] > 0
'I *think* that's what I'm supposed to do
'Returns 3 for currently connected network, 2 for networks that have profiles
End If
intCount = intCount + 1
lngStart = lngStart + Len(udtNetwork)
Loop Until intCount = udtAvailList.dwNumberOfItems
WlanFreeMemory lngAvailable 'clean up memory
WlanFreeMemory lngList
GetWiFi = wifiOut 'Success! (function is populated with cached network list)
End Function
......和问题：
Refresh network list using
WlanScan?
这不会产生VBA错误，但会返回代码1168（我无法识别）/（Source）
'Added blindly:'wlanui type library (wlanui.dll) and "wlan pref iua" (wlanconn.dll)
Public Type DOT11_SSID
uSSIDLength As LongPtr: ucSSID As String
End Type
Private Type GUID 'from cpearson.com/excel/CreateGUID.aspx
Data1 As LongPtr: Data2 As Integer
Data3 As Integer: Data4(0 To 7) As Byte
End Type
#If Win64 Then 'also new to Office-64bit, but seems okay
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanScan Lib "Wlanapi.dll" _
(ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, _
ByVal pDot11Ssid As LongPtr, ByVal pIeData As LongPtr, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As LongPtr
#Else
Private Declare WlanScan Lib "Wlanapi.dll" _
(ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, _
ByVal pDot11Ssid As LongPtr, ByVal pIeData As LongPtr, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As LongPtr
#End If
Sub test_RefreshNetworkList()
Dim hresult As LongPtr, phClientHandle As Long, pdwNegotiatedVersion As Long
Dim retVal As Longptr, g As GUID
hresult = WlanOpenHandle(2&, 0&, pdwNegotiatedVersion, phClientHandle)
retVal = WlanScan(phClientHandle, g, 0, 0, 0)
Select Case retVal
Case 87: Debug.Print "ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER"
Case 6: Debug.Print "ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE"
Case 8: Debug.Print "ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY"
Case Else: Debug.Print "RPC_STATUS : " & retVal ' "misc errors"
End Select
End Sub
当然有一种迂回的方式来刷新VBA的网络列表？我的解决方法很酷，我可以自动化......什么？！
谢谢！
Edit:
我在适用的（我认为）点改变了Long到LongPtr。同样的错误。
这是WlanOpenHandle和WlanScan的定义。
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanOpenHandle Lib "Wlanapi.dll"
(ByVal dwClientVersion As LongPtr, _
ByVal pdwReserved As LongPtr,
ByRef pdwNegotiaitedVersion As LongPtr, _
ByRef phClientHandle As LongPtr ) As LongPtr
（...这也是我第一次尝试使用编译器常量。）
#If Win64 Then
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanScan Lib "Wlanapi.dll" _
(ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr,
ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, _
ByVal pDot11Ssid As LongPtr,
ByVal pIeData As LongPtr, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As LongPtr
#Else
Private Declare WlanScan Lib "Wlanapi.dll" _
(ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr,
ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, _
ByVal pDot11Ssid As LongPtr,
ByVal pIeData As LongPtr, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr ) As LongPtr
#End If
我认为你不清醒的主要问题是你永远不会关闭你的打开手柄。这可能会导致问题，因为不应该有多个打开的句柄。
你使用WlanOpenHandle来获取接口的句柄，但是在完成它并获得所需的信息之后，你应该调用WlanCloseHandle来关闭该句柄和相关的连接。
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanCloseHandle Lib "Wlanapi.dll" ( _
ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, _
Optional ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As Long
然后在你的功能结束时：
WlanCloseHandle lngHandle 'Close handle
GetWiFi = wifiOut 'Success! (function is populated with cached network list)
End Function
任何错误处理程序，如果你要添加一个，应测试句柄是否为0，如果不是，则关闭它。
我也改变了各种小东西，例如使用LongPtr指针使代码与64位兼容（注意：它不兼容VBA6，需要大量条件编译），重新处理你的声明不使用可选参数，以及其他一些小事。
我在一台设备上测试了以下代码并进行了10次迭代，得到了10个不同的结果：
码：
Public Function GetWiFi() As wifis()
'returns an array of custom type WiFis (1st interface only)
Dim udtList As WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST, udtAvailList As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST, udtNetwork As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
Dim lngReturn As Long, pHandle As LongPtr, lngVersion As Long, pList As LongPtr, pAvailable As LongPtr
Dim pStart As LongPtr, intCount As Integer, ssid As String, signal As Single, wifiOut() As wifis
Dim n As Long
n = 0
lngReturn = WlanOpenHandle(2&, 0&, lngVersion, pHandle) 'get handle
If lngReturn <> 0 Then
Debug.Print "Couldn't get wlan handle (Code " & lngReturn & ")"
Exit Function
End If
lngReturn = WlanEnumInterfaces(ByVal pHandle, 0&, pList) 'enumerate <*first interface only*>
CopyMemory udtList, ByVal pList, Len(udtList)
lngReturn = WlanScan(pHandle, udtList.InterfaceInfo.ifGuid)
lngReturn = WlanGetAvailableNetworkList(pHandle, udtList.InterfaceInfo.ifGuid, 2&, 0&, pAvailable) 'get network list
CopyMemory udtAvailList, ByVal pAvailable, LenB(udtAvailList)
intCount = 0
pStart = pAvailable + 8
Do
CopyMemory udtNetwork, ByVal pStart, Len(udtNetwork) ' Populate avail. network structure
ssid = Replace(StrConv(udtNetwork.dot11Ssid.ucSSID, vbUnicode), Chr(0), "")
If Len(ssid) < 4 Then ssid = "(Unnamed)"
signal = CSng(udtNetwork.wlanSignalQuality) / 100
'[Signal] = 0 to 100 which represents the signal strength (100 Signal)=(-100dBm RSSI), (100 Signal)=(-50dBm RSSI)
If udtNetwork.dwflags = 0 Then
n = n + 1
ReDim Preserve wifiOut(n)
wifiOut(n).ssid = ssid
wifiOut(n).signal = signal
Else
'skipping networks with [dwflags] > 0
'I *think* that's what I'm supposed to do
'Returns 3 for currently connected network, 2 for networks that have profiles
End If
intCount = intCount + 1
pStart = pStart + Len(udtNetwork)
Loop Until intCount = udtAvailList.dwNumberOfItems
WlanFreeMemory pAvailable 'clean up memory
WlanFreeMemory pList
WlanCloseHandle pHandle 'Close handle
GetWiFi = wifiOut 'Success! (function is populated with cached network list)
End Function
类型和常量：
Private Const DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH As Long = 32
Private Const WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER As Long = 8
Private Const WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_CONNECTED As Long = 1
Private Const WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_HAS_PROFILE As Long = 2
Public Type GUID
Data(15) As Byte
End Type
Private Type WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO
ifGuid As GUID: InterfaceDescription(255) As Byte: IsState As Long
End Type
Private Type DOT11_SSID
uSSIDLength As Long: ucSSID(DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH - 1) As Byte
End Type
Private Type WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
strProfileName(511) As Byte: dot11Ssid As DOT11_SSID
dot11BssType As Long: uNumberOfBssids As Long
bNetworkConnectable As Long: wlanNotConnectableReason As Long
uNumberOfPhyTypes As Long: dot11PhyTypes(WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER - 1) As Long
bMorePhyTypes As Long: wlanSignalQuality As Long
bSEcurityEnabled As Long: dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm As Long
dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm As Long: dwflags As Long: dwReserved As Long
End Type
Private Type WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST
dwNumberOfItems As Long: dwIndex As Long: InterfaceInfo As WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO
End Type
Private Type WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST
dwNumberOfItems As Long: dwIndex As Long: Network As WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK
End Type
Public Type WiFis
ssid As String: signal As Single
End Type
函数声明：
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanOpenHandle Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal dwClientVersion As Long, _
ByVal pdwReserved As LongPtr, ByRef pdwNegotiaitedVersion As Long, _
ByRef phClientHandle As LongPtr) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanEnumInterfaces Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr, ByRef ppInterfaceList As LongPtr) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanGetAvailableNetworkList Lib "Wlanapi.dll" ( _
ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, ByVal dwflags As Long, _
ByVal pReserved As LongPtr, ByRef ppAvailableNetworkList As LongPtr) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (Destination As Any, _
Source As Any, ByVal Length As Long)
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanScan Lib "Wlanapi.dll" _
(ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, ByRef pInterfaceGuid As GUID, _
Optional ByVal pDot11Ssid As LongPtr, Optional ByVal pIeData As LongPtr, _
Optional ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Function WlanCloseHandle Lib "Wlanapi.dll" ( _
ByVal hClientHandle As LongPtr, _
Optional ByVal pReserved As LongPtr) As Long
Declare PtrSafe Sub WlanFreeMemory Lib "Wlanapi.dll" (ByVal pMemory As LongPtr)
测试打印列表：
Public Sub PrintWifis()
Dim aWifis() As wifis
aWifis = GetWiFi
Dim l As Long
For l = LBound(aWifis) To UBound(aWifis)
Debug.Print aWifis(l).ssid; aWifis(l).signal
Next
End Sub
关于这些评论：
除非我实际单击“网络连接”图标，否则列表不会刷新
和
当然有一种迂回的方式来刷新VBA的网络列表？我的解决方法很酷，我可以自动化......什么？！
这是一种迂回的方式：以编程方式单击网络连接图标：
Sub ClickIt()
With CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
.Run "%windir%\explorer.exe ms-availablenetworks:"
End With
End Sub
你可以在应用程序之后用mouse_event关闭它。等待刷新需要一些时间
这个项目成了一个使命，因为它似乎很简单，好几次。我的第一次尝试捕获了netsh wlan show networks mode=bssid的输出，但我无法让列表刷新。如果我改用API方法（WlanScan + WlanGetAvailableNetworkList），认为刷新很容易，我从头开始，然后才意识到我仍然无法刷新数据。
在发布这个问题后，EvR的answer最终/最终使我能够打开/关闭Windows通知区域中的网络连接列表，刷新了缓存的文本，所以我第三次重新编写了该过程，回到使用netsh 。我终于尝试了＃3工作（下面），然后看到Erik的answer完成相同的结果......但相当少“hacky”，并且快25倍。
所以，我显然会选择“最后的尝试＃4”，但我认为无论如何我会发布这个替代答案，因为有些概念很容易转移到其他快速的问题 劈 修复是必要的。
Option Compare Binary
Option Explicit
Public Declare Function ShellExecute Lib "Shell32.dll" Alias "ShellExecuteA" (ByVal hWnd _
As LongPtr, ByVal lpOperation As String, ByVal lpFile As String, ByVal lpParameters _
As String, ByVal lpDirectory As String, ByVal nShowCmd As LongPtr) As LongPtr
Public Declare Function GetWindowText Lib "User32.dll" Alias "GetWindowTextA" _
(ByVal hWnd As LongPtr, ByVal lpString As String, ByVal cch As LongPtr) As LongPtr
Public Declare Function GetForegroundWindow Lib "User32.dll" () As LongPtr
Type WiFis
ssid As String 'wifi network name
signal As Single 'wifi signal strength%
End Type
Private Function IsNetworksWindow(hWnd As Long, nCaption As String) As Boolean
'returns TRUE if the window caption (title) of window [hWnd]=[nCaption]
Dim title As String * 255
GetWindowText hWnd, title, 255 'get window caption
IsNetworksWindow = (nCaption = Left$(title, Len(nCaption)))
End Function
Sub RefreshWifiList()
'open "available networks" window (to refresh cached network list)
Const clsID = "shell:::{38A98528-6CBF-4CA9-8DC0-B1E1D10F7B1B}" 'clsid of req'd window
Const nCaption = "View Available Networks" 'title of req'd window
Dim retVal As LongPtr
retVal = ShellExecute(0, "open", clsID, "", "", 0) 'open clsID
If retVal < 33 Then Stop 'Error. Full list here: [http://oehive.org/node/528]
Do
DoEvents: Loop While Not IsNetworksWindow(GetForegroundWindow, nCaption) 'wait for refresh
ThisWorkbook.Activate: AppActivate Application.Caption 'return to Excel
End Sub
Public Function getCmdLineOutput(cmd As String) As String
'run cmdline in hidden window and return string of output
Dim tmpFile As String: tmpFile = Environ("temp") & "\cmd_out.tmp" 'create tmp file
If Dir(tmpFile) <> "" Then Kill tmpFile 'delete tmp file
With CreateObject("WScript.Shell") 'run cmdline command
.Run "cmd /c """ & cmd & """ > " & tmpFile, 0, True '0=Hide Window
End With
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") 'open fso
getCmdLineOutput = Trim(.opentextfile(tmpFile).ReadAll()) 'read temp file
.DeleteFile tmpFile 'delete temp file
End With
End Function
Public Function GetWiFi() As WiFis()
'extract [ssid]'s & [signal]'s from list to populate array of networks
Dim stNet As String, pStart As Long, pStop As Long: pStop = 1
Dim ssid As String, signal As String, wiFi() As WiFis: ReDim wiFi(0 To 0)
Application.ScreenUpdating = False
RefreshWifiList 'refresh wifi list
stNet = getCmdLineOutput("netsh wlan show networks mode=bssid") 'get network list
stNet = Mid$(stNet, InStr(stNet, "SSID")) 'trim extraneous chars
stNet = Replace(Replace(Replace(stNet, " ", ""), vbCrLf, ""), vbLf & vbLf, vbLf)
Do While InStr(pStop, stNet, "SSID") > 0
pStart = InStr(InStr(pStop, stNet, "SSID"), stNet, ":") + 1 'find ssid start
pStop = InStr(pStart, stNet, "Networktype") 'find ssid stop
ssid = Mid$(stNet, pStart, pStop - pStart) 'extract ssid
pStart = InStr(pStop, stNet, "Signal:") + 7 'find signal start
pStop = InStr(pStart, stNet, "%") 'find signal stop
signal = CSng(Mid$(stNet, pStart, pStop - pStart)) / 100 'extract signal
If signal = 0 Then Stop: If ssid = "" Then ssid = "(Unnamed)" 'validate
ReDim Preserve wiFi(UBound(wiFi) + 1) 'populate array
wiFi(UBound(wiFi)).ssid = ssid: wiFi(UBound(wiFi)).signal = signal
Loop
GetWiFi = wiFi
End Function
Sub demo()
Dim wiFi() As WiFis, netNum As Long
wiFi() = GetWiFi() 'populate array of networks
For netNum = 1 To UBound(wiFi) 'loop through networks
With wiFi(netNum)
Debug.Print .ssid, Format(.signal, "0%") 'print ssid & signal
End With
Next netNum
End Sub
Sub timeTest_listNetworks()
Dim wiFi() As WiFis, netNum As Long, n As Long
Dim startTime As Single, allTime As Single: allTime = Timer
For n = 1 To 5 'repeat test 5x
Erase wiFi() 'clear array
startTime = Timer
wiFi() = GetWiFi() 'refresh array of networks
For netNum = 1 To UBound(wiFi) 'loop through networks
Debug.Print wiFi(netNum).ssid & "=" & Format(wiFi(netNum).signal, "0%") & " ";
Next netNum
Debug.Print "(" & Round(Timer - startTime, 1) & " sec)"
Next n
Debug.Print "Total: " & Round(Timer - allTime, 1) & " sec"
End Sub
Explorer Command LineShellExecuteA FunctionShellExecute return codesGetWindowTextA FunctionGetForegroundWindow FunctionWScript.Shell.Run MethodFileSystemObject.OpenTextFile MethodAppActivate Statement