我正在尝试实现MDI Child窗口基类,根据to this reference的说法详细说明
当MDI客户端窗口通过调用CreateWindow创建MDI子窗口时,系统会向创建的窗口发送WM_CREATE消息。 WM_CREATE消息的lParam成员包含指向CREATESTRUCT结构的指针。此结构的lpCreateParams成员包含一个指向MDICREATESTRUCT结构的指针,该结构与创建MDI子窗口的WM_MDICREATE消息一起传递。
我正在使用以下简单的基本模板类来创建MDI子窗口,实现上面的语句来重新训练这个指针。 (补充几条评论)
basemdi.h
#pragma once
#include <Windows.h>
template <typename DERIVED_TYPE>
class BaseMDI
{
public:
inline HWND GetHandle() const;
BOOL Initialize(
PCTSTR szWindowName,
HWND hParent,
DWORD dwExStyle = WS_EX_MDICHILD, // THIS IS MDI WINDOW
DWORD dwStyle = 0,
int x = CW_USEDEFAULT,
int y = CW_USEDEFAULT,
int width = CW_USEDEFAULT,
int height = CW_USEDEFAULT,
HMENU hMenu = nullptr,
HINSTANCE hInstance = GetModuleHandle(nullptr),
LPVOID lpCreate = nullptr
);
protected:
virtual PCTSTR ClassName() const = 0;
static LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
virtual LRESULT HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) = 0;
HWND m_hwnd = nullptr;
};
template<typename DERIVED_TYPE>
BOOL BaseMDI<DERIVED_TYPE>::Initialize(
PCTSTR szWindowName,
HWND hParent,
DWORD dwExStyle,
DWORD dwStyle,
int x,
int y,
int width,
int height,
HMENU hMenu,
HINSTANCE hInstance,
LPVOID lpCreate)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCreate);
WNDCLASSEX wc = { };
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hbrBackground = reinterpret_cast<HBRUSH>(GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hIcon = nullptr;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.lpszClassName = ClassName();
wc.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
wc.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
MDICREATESTRUCT mdicreate;
// ASSIGN POINTER TO THIS SO THAT WE LATER RETRIEVE IT
mdicreate.lParam = (LPARAM) this;
mdicreate.szClass = ClassName();
mdicreate.szTitle = TEXT("Hello");
mdicreate.hOwner = hInstance;
mdicreate.x = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mdicreate.y = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mdicreate.cx = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mdicreate.cy = CW_USEDEFAULT;
mdicreate.style = dwStyle;
m_hwnd = CreateWindowEx(
dwExStyle,
ClassName(),
szWindowName,
dwStyle,
x, y,
width,
height,
hParent,
hMenu,
hInstance,
&mdicreate // PASS ADDRESS OF MDICREATESTRUCT
);
return m_hwnd ? TRUE : FALSE;
}
// following base class WndProc calls derived class procedure,
// I retrive this pointer here to call correct procedure, but pThis is read acess vioalaiton
template<typename DERIVED_TYPE>
inline LRESULT BaseMDI<DERIVED_TYPE>::WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
DERIVED_TYPE* pThis = nullptr;
if (uMsg == WM_CREATE)
{
// RETRIEVE POINTER TO THIS
CREATESTRUCT* pCreate = reinterpret_cast<CREATESTRUCT*>(lParam);
MDICREATESTRUCT* pMdi = reinterpret_cast<MDICREATESTRUCT*>(pCreate->lpCreateParams);
pThis = reinterpret_cast<DERIVED_TYPE*>(pMdi->lParam);
SetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWLP_USERDATA, reinterpret_cast<LONG_PTR>(pThis));
pThis->m_hwnd = hWnd;
}
else
{
pThis = reinterpret_cast<DERIVED_TYPE*>(GetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, GWLP_USERDATA));
}
if (pThis)
{
// EXCEPTION IS THROWN HERE
return pThis->HandleMessage(uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
else
{
return DefMDIChildProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
}
template <typename DERIVED_TYPE>
HWND BaseMDI<DERIVED_TYPE>::GetHandle() const
{
return m_hwnd;
}
这是我如何创建MDI子窗口对象的实际实例,该类继承上面模板化的基类
mdiwindow.h
#pragma once
#include "mdibase.h"
class MDI : public BaseMDI<MDI>
{
public:
virtual LRESULT HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) override;
private:
inline virtual PCTSTR ClassName() const override;
};
PCTSTR MDI::ClassName() const
{
return TEXT("MDIWindow");
}
mdiwindow.cpp
#include "mdiwindow.h"
LRESULT MDI::HandleMessage(UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (uMsg)
{
default:
return DefMDIChildProc(m_hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
}
创建MDI子项时,我在basemdi.h中遇到异常,说pThis指针的读取访问冲突。
我正在接受有关如何检索传递给MDICREATESTRUCT
的CreateWindowEx
指针的msdn说明,this
在lpCreateParams
中保存指向CreateWindow
的指针,但由于某种原因,检索到的指针不起作用。
你知道这可能是什么原因吗?
我设法解决了这个问题。
问题是MSDN正在谈论使用CreateWindowEx
或CreateMDIWindow
的可能性,这对于子MDI窗口不起作用,需要使用template<typename DERIVED_TYPE>
BOOL BaseMDI<DERIVED_TYPE>::Initialize(
PCTSTR szWindowName,
HWND hParent,
DWORD dwExStyle,
DWORD dwStyle,
int x,
int y,
int width,
int height,
HMENU hMenu,
HINSTANCE hInstance,
LPVOID lpCreate)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCreate);
WNDCLASSEX wc = { };
wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
wc.hbrBackground = reinterpret_cast<HBRUSH>(GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH));
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wc.hIcon = nullptr;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.lpszClassName = ClassName();
wc.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
wc.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wc)) abort();
m_hwnd = CreateMDIWindow(
ClassName(),
szWindowName,
dwStyle,
x, y,
width,
height,
hParent,
hInstance,
(LPARAM)this);
if (!m_hwnd) abort();
return m_hwnd ? TRUE : FALSE;
}
代替!
这是上面例子中的工作Initialize函数,上面的其余代码很好:
MDICREATESTRUCT mcs;
mcs.szTitle = WindowText();
mcs.szClass = ClassName();
mcs.hOwner = GetModuleHandle( nullptr );
mcs.x = x;
mcs.y = y;
mcs.cx = width;
mcs.cy = height;
mcs.style = dwStyle;
mcs.lParam = reinterpret_cast< LPARAM >( this );
mSubWnd = reinterpret_cast< HWND >( SendMessage( hParent, WM_MDICREATE, 0, reinterpret_cast< LONG >( &mcs ) ) );
我最近使用MDI和OOP方法来获得乐趣,这对我有用:
qazxswpoi